Valorization of Primary Sludge and Biosludge from the Pulp Mill Industry in Uruguay Through Hydrothermal Carbonization

Although nowadays landspreading and incineration are the conventional disposal methods for the primary sludge (PS) and biosludge (BS) generated in the wastewater treatment plants of the pulp mill industry in Uruguay, their direct incineration for energy recovery is the most preferable one. Here, we...

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Published inWaste and biomass valorization Vol. 14; no. 11; pp. 3893 - 3907
Main Authors Casco, Mirian Elizabeth, Moreno, Valentín, Duarte, Martín, Sapag, Karim, Cuña, Andrés
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.11.2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Activated carbon
Air pollution
Carbon dioxide
Carbon fixation
Carbonization
Combustion
Densification
Energy conversion
Energy conversion efficiency
Energy recovery
Engineering
Environment
Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Environmental impact
Fluorescence
Fuels
Incineration
Industrial Pollution Prevention
Life expectancy
Life span
Original Paper
Primary sludge
Pulp
Pulp & paper mills
Renewable and Green Energy
Scanning electron microscopy
Slagging
Sludge
Thermogravimetric analysis
Waste Management/Waste Technology
Wastewater treatment
Wastewater treatment plants
X-ray fluorescence
Uruguay
adsorption
Biofuel
Sludge
CO
Valorization
Activated carbon
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Abstract Although nowadays landspreading and incineration are the conventional disposal methods for the primary sludge (PS) and biosludge (BS) generated in the wastewater treatment plants of the pulp mill industry in Uruguay, their direct incineration for energy recovery is the most preferable one. Here, we propose the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method as a pre-treatment to improve the fuel characteristic of PS and BS. Proximate and ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis show that the HTC affects PS and BS differently regarding carbon fixation, energy densification and energy conversion efficiency. Moreover, ash composition measured by X-ray fluorescence indicates that the HTC effectively diminishes the slagging and fouling indexes for both feedstocks, which can increase the life expectancy of boilers. Alternative PS, BS, and their hydrochars were activated with H 3 PO 4 to produce activated carbons, i.g. the BET specific surface area was as high as 800 m 2 /g for PS-AC, and exhibits CO 2 adsorption capacity of 5 mmol/g at 10 bar at 273 K. These studies provide alternatives to direct incineration and landspreading of PS and BS in Uruguay to reduce their environmental impact, either by enhancing their fuel quality or by converting them into much more valuable products to face air pollution. Graphical Abstract
AbstractList Although nowadays landspreading and incineration are the conventional disposal methods for the primary sludge (PS) and biosludge (BS) generated in the wastewater treatment plants of the pulp mill industry in Uruguay, their direct incineration for energy recovery is the most preferable one. Here, we propose the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method as a pre-treatment to improve the fuel characteristic of PS and BS. Proximate and ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis show that the HTC affects PS and BS differently regarding carbon fixation, energy densification and energy conversion efficiency. Moreover, ash composition measured by X-ray fluorescence indicates that the HTC effectively diminishes the slagging and fouling indexes for both feedstocks, which can increase the life expectancy of boilers. Alternative PS, BS, and their hydrochars were activated with H3PO4 to produce activated carbons, i.g. the BET specific surface area was as high as 800 m2/g for PS-AC, and exhibits CO2 adsorption capacity of 5 mmol/g at 10 bar at 273 K. These studies provide alternatives to direct incineration and landspreading of PS and BS in Uruguay to reduce their environmental impact, either by enhancing their fuel quality or by converting them into much more valuable products to face air pollution.
Although nowadays landspreading and incineration are the conventional disposal methods for the primary sludge (PS) and biosludge (BS) generated in the wastewater treatment plants of the pulp mill industry in Uruguay, their direct incineration for energy recovery is the most preferable one. Here, we propose the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method as a pre-treatment to improve the fuel characteristic of PS and BS. Proximate and ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis show that the HTC affects PS and BS differently regarding carbon fixation, energy densification and energy conversion efficiency. Moreover, ash composition measured by X-ray fluorescence indicates that the HTC effectively diminishes the slagging and fouling indexes for both feedstocks, which can increase the life expectancy of boilers. Alternative PS, BS, and their hydrochars were activated with H 3 PO 4 to produce activated carbons, i.g. the BET specific surface area was as high as 800 m 2 /g for PS-AC, and exhibits CO 2 adsorption capacity of 5 mmol/g at 10 bar at 273 K. These studies provide alternatives to direct incineration and landspreading of PS and BS in Uruguay to reduce their environmental impact, either by enhancing their fuel quality or by converting them into much more valuable products to face air pollution. Graphical Abstract
Author Sapag, Karim
Duarte, Martín
Moreno, Valentín
Casco, Mirian Elizabeth
Cuña, Andrés
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Snippet Although nowadays landspreading and incineration are the conventional disposal methods for the primary sludge (PS) and biosludge (BS) generated in the...
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SubjectTerms Activated carbon
Air pollution
Carbon dioxide
Carbon fixation
Carbonization
Combustion
Densification
Energy conversion
Energy conversion efficiency
Energy recovery
Engineering
Environment
Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Environmental impact
Fluorescence
Fuels
Incineration
Industrial Pollution Prevention
Life expectancy
Life span
Original Paper
Primary sludge
Pulp
Pulp & paper mills
Renewable and Green Energy
Scanning electron microscopy
Slagging
Sludge
Thermogravimetric analysis
Waste Management/Waste Technology
Wastewater treatment
Wastewater treatment plants
X-ray fluorescence
Title Valorization of Primary Sludge and Biosludge from the Pulp Mill Industry in Uruguay Through Hydrothermal Carbonization
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12649-023-02105-8
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2882890569
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