Primal-Dual Algorithm for Distributed Optimization with Coupled Constraints

This paper focuses on distributed consensus optimization problems with coupled constraints over time-varying multi-agent networks, where the global objective is the finite sum of all agents’ private local objective functions, and decision variables of agents are subject to coupled equality and inequ...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of optimization theory and applications Vol. 201; no. 1; pp. 252 - 279
Main Authors Gong, Kai, Zhang, Liwei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.04.2024
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract This paper focuses on distributed consensus optimization problems with coupled constraints over time-varying multi-agent networks, where the global objective is the finite sum of all agents’ private local objective functions, and decision variables of agents are subject to coupled equality and inequality constraints and a compact convex subset. Each agent exchanges information with its neighbors and processes local data. They cooperate to agree on a consensual decision vector that is an optimal solution to the considered optimization problems. We integrate ideas behind dynamic average consensus and primal-dual methods to develop a distributed algorithm and establish its sublinear convergence rate. In numerical simulations, to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we compare it with some related methods by the Neyman–Pearson classification problem.
AbstractList This paper focuses on distributed consensus optimization problems with coupled constraints over time-varying multi-agent networks, where the global objective is the finite sum of all agents’ private local objective functions, and decision variables of agents are subject to coupled equality and inequality constraints and a compact convex subset. Each agent exchanges information with its neighbors and processes local data. They cooperate to agree on a consensual decision vector that is an optimal solution to the considered optimization problems. We integrate ideas behind dynamic average consensus and primal-dual methods to develop a distributed algorithm and establish its sublinear convergence rate. In numerical simulations, to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we compare it with some related methods by the Neyman–Pearson classification problem.
Author Zhang, Liwei
Gong, Kai
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Kai
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4982-6957
  surname: Gong
  fullname: Gong, Kai
  email: gk1995___@mail.dlut.edu.cn
  organization: School of Mathematical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Liwei
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Liwei
  organization: School of Mathematical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology
BookMark eNp9kM1OwzAQhC1UJNrCC3CKxNmwtpM4PlYtf6JSOcDZslOnuErjYDtC8PS4BIkbh9Ue5ptZ7czQpHOdQeiSwDUB4DeBgCg4BpqnYYJhfoKmpOAM04pXEzQFoBSzJJ2hWQh7ABAVz6fo6dnbg2rxalBttmh3ztv4dsga57OVDdFbPUSzzTZ9tAf7paJ1XfaRkGzphr5NytJ1CVO2i-EcnTaqDebid8_R693ty_IBrzf3j8vFGteUQ8RUaEI0UaTJtYKyFpwaoimnVNfCMEWKpqqFqjnhheaabpnQ2uiSlwRI02zZHF2Nub1374MJUe7d4Lt0UjLIgZAyB0gUHanauxC8aWR_fNV_SgLyWJocS5OpNPlTmuTJxEZTSHC3M_4v-h_XN9uxcbI
Cites_doi 10.1109/TAC.2010.2041686
10.1109/TSP.2003.814623
10.1007/s10957-015-0758-0
10.1002/wics.1376
10.1137/16M1084316
10.1109/TAC.2008.2009515
10.1016/j.automatica.2015.02.038
10.1109/TSP.2016.2544743
10.1109/TSP.2021.3114978
10.1016/j.arcontrol.2021.10.005
10.1109/TCNS.2019.2925267
10.1007/s10589-020-00179-x
10.1109/TSP.2022.3163525
10.1109/LCSYS.2019.2923078
10.1109/CDC.2015.7402509
10.1109/ALLERTON.2017.8262781
10.1109/TCNS.2017.2698261
10.1109/TAC.2020.2969721
10.1016/j.jfranklin.2021.04.044
10.1109/TSP.2019.2926022
10.1109/TAC.2011.2167817
10.23919/JCN.2021.000022
10.21314/JOR.2000.038
10.1109/TIT.2020.3029304
10.1109/TAC.2020.2989282
10.1016/j.sysconle.2016.07.009
10.1109/TAC.2017.2681200
10.1109/CDC.2018.8619322
10.1109/TCYB.2020.3022240
10.1109/TAC.2016.2616646
10.1007/s11424-023-1321-y
10.1109/TSP.2021.3086579
10.1109/TAC.2022.3169955
10.1109/CDC51059.2022.9992787
10.1109/TAC.2014.2308612
10.1109/TAC.2019.2912494
10.1137/14096668X
10.1109/TSP.2021.3123888
10.1137/070708111
10.1109/TSP.2015.2461520
10.1016/j.automatica.2017.07.003
10.1109/TAC.2020.2972824
10.1007/s10107-012-0629-5
10.1515/9781400873173
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7SC
7TB
7WY
7WZ
7XB
87Z
88I
8AO
8FD
8FE
8FG
8FK
8FL
8G5
ABJCF
ABUWG
AFKRA
ARAPS
AZQEC
BENPR
BEZIV
BGLVJ
CCPQU
DWQXO
FR3
FRNLG
F~G
GNUQQ
GUQSH
HCIFZ
JQ2
K60
K6~
K7-
KR7
L.-
L6V
L7M
L~C
L~D
M0C
M2O
M2P
M7S
MBDVC
P5Z
P62
PHGZM
PHGZT
PKEHL
PQBIZ
PQBZA
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PTHSS
Q9U
DOI 10.1007/s10957-024-02393-7
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
ABI/INFORM Collection
ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)
Science Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
Business Premium Collection
Technology Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central Korea
Engineering Research Database
Business Premium Collection (Alumni)
ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)
ProQuest Central Student
Research Library Prep
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Business Collection
Computer Science Database
Civil Engineering Abstracts
ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
ABI/INFORM Global
Research Library
Science Database
Engineering Database
Research Library (Corporate)
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Business
ProQuest One Business (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
Research Library Prep
Computer Science Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ABI/INFORM Complete
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest Central (New)
Engineering Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Business Premium Collection
ABI/INFORM Global
Engineering Database
ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Business Collection
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)
ProQuest One Business
Technology Collection
Technology Research Database
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Central
ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced
ProQuest Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Research Library
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
ABI/INFORM Complete (Alumni Edition)
Civil Engineering Abstracts
ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Science Journals
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
ProQuest One Business (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
Business Premium Collection (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: 8FG
  name: ProQuest Technology Collection
  url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Mathematics
EISSN 1573-2878
EndPage 279
ExternalDocumentID 10_1007_s10957_024_02393_7
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Natural Science Foundation of China
  grantid: Nos. 11971089; Nos. 11731013
– fundername: Dalian High-level Talent Innovation Project
  grantid: No. 2020RD09
GroupedDBID -52
-5D
-5G
-BR
-EM
-Y2
-~C
-~X
.4S
.86
.DC
.VR
06D
0R~
0VY
199
1N0
1SB
2.D
203
28-
29L
2J2
2JN
2JY
2KG
2KM
2LR
2P1
2VQ
2~H
30V
3V.
4.4
406
408
409
40D
40E
5GY
5QI
5VS
67Z
6NX
78A
7WY
88I
8AO
8FE
8FG
8FL
8G5
8TC
8UJ
95-
95.
95~
96X
AAAVM
AABHQ
AACDK
AAHNG
AAIAL
AAJBT
AAJKR
AANZL
AARHV
AARTL
AASML
AATNV
AATVU
AAUYE
AAWCG
AAYIU
AAYQN
AAYTO
AAYZH
ABAKF
ABBBX
ABBXA
ABDPE
ABDZT
ABECU
ABFTV
ABHLI
ABHQN
ABJCF
ABJNI
ABJOX
ABKCH
ABKTR
ABMNI
ABMQK
ABNWP
ABQBU
ABQSL
ABSXP
ABTAH
ABTEG
ABTHY
ABTKH
ABTMW
ABULA
ABUWG
ABWNU
ABXPI
ACAOD
ACBXY
ACDTI
ACGFS
ACGOD
ACHSB
ACHXU
ACIWK
ACKNC
ACMDZ
ACMLO
ACOKC
ACOMO
ACPIV
ACZOJ
ADHHG
ADHIR
ADINQ
ADKNI
ADKPE
ADRFC
ADTPH
ADURQ
ADYFF
ADZKW
AEBTG
AEFIE
AEFQL
AEGAL
AEGNC
AEJHL
AEJRE
AEKMD
AEMSY
AENEX
AEOHA
AEPYU
AESKC
AETLH
AEVLU
AEXYK
AFBBN
AFEXP
AFGCZ
AFKRA
AFLOW
AFQWF
AFWTZ
AFZKB
AGAYW
AGDGC
AGGDS
AGJBK
AGMZJ
AGQEE
AGQMX
AGRTI
AGWIL
AGWZB
AGYKE
AHAVH
AHBYD
AHKAY
AHSBF
AHYZX
AI.
AIAKS
AIGIU
AIIXL
AILAN
AITGF
AJBLW
AJRNO
AJZVZ
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALWAN
AMKLP
AMXSW
AMYLF
AMYQR
AOCGG
ARAPS
ARCSS
ARMRJ
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXYYD
AYJHY
AZFZN
AZQEC
B-.
BA0
BAPOH
BBWZM
BDATZ
BENPR
BEZIV
BGLVJ
BGNMA
BPHCQ
BSONS
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
CSCUP
DDRTE
DL5
DNIVK
DPUIP
DU5
DWQXO
EBLON
EBS
EDO
EIOEI
EJD
ESBYG
FEDTE
FERAY
FFXSO
FIGPU
FINBP
FNLPD
FRNLG
FRRFC
FSGXE
FWDCC
GGCAI
GGRSB
GJIRD
GNUQQ
GNWQR
GQ6
GQ7
GQ8
GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_COMPLETE
GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_RESEARCH
GUQSH
GXS
H13
HCIFZ
HF~
HG5
HG6
HMJXF
HQYDN
HRMNR
HVGLF
H~9
I-F
I09
IHE
IJ-
IKXTQ
ITM
IWAJR
IXC
IZIGR
IZQ
I~X
I~Z
J-C
J0Z
JBSCW
JCJTX
JZLTJ
K60
K6V
K6~
K7-
KDC
KOV
KOW
L6V
LAK
LLZTM
M0C
M2O
M2P
M4Y
M7S
MA-
N2Q
N9A
NB0
NDZJH
NPVJJ
NQJWS
NU0
O93
O9G
O9I
O9J
OAM
OVD
P19
P2P
P62
P9R
PF0
PKN
PQBIZ
PQBZA
PQQKQ
PROAC
PT4
PT5
PTHSS
Q2X
QOK
QOS
R4E
R89
R9I
RHV
RNI
RNS
ROL
RPX
RSV
RZC
RZE
RZK
S16
S1Z
S26
S27
S28
S3B
SAP
SCLPG
SDD
SDH
SDM
SHX
SISQX
SJYHP
SMT
SNE
SNPRN
SNX
SOHCF
SOJ
SPISZ
SRMVM
SSLCW
STPWE
SZN
T13
T16
TEORI
TN5
TSG
TSK
TSV
TUC
TUS
TWZ
U2A
UG4
UOJIU
UTJUX
UZXMN
VC2
VFIZW
VH1
VOH
W23
W48
WH7
WK8
YLTOR
YQT
Z45
Z7R
Z7S
Z7U
Z7X
Z7Y
Z7Z
Z81
Z83
Z86
Z88
Z8M
Z8N
Z8R
Z8S
Z8T
Z8U
Z8W
Z92
ZCG
ZMTXR
ZWQNP
ZY4
~EX
AAPKM
AAYXX
ABBRH
ABDBE
ABFSG
ACSTC
ADHKG
ADXHL
AEZWR
AFDZB
AFHIU
AFOHR
AGQPQ
AHPBZ
AHWEU
AIXLP
AMVHM
ATHPR
AYFIA
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
7SC
7TB
7XB
8FD
8FK
ABRTQ
FR3
JQ2
KR7
L.-
L7M
L~C
L~D
MBDVC
PKEHL
PQEST
PQGLB
PQUKI
Q9U
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c270t-29b11b1a1f4ba06c972e1b2722bc9e3a15f8c9ac7175b7b2d39bbeb676101ffd3
IEDL.DBID U2A
ISSN 0022-3239
IngestDate Sat Aug 23 13:49:36 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 03:54:13 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:42:00 EST 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords Distributed optimization
Time-varying networks
Coupled constraints
Convergence
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c270t-29b11b1a1f4ba06c972e1b2722bc9e3a15f8c9ac7175b7b2d39bbeb676101ffd3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ORCID 0000-0003-4982-6957
PQID 3040116400
PQPubID 48247
PageCount 28
ParticipantIDs proquest_journals_3040116400
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10957_024_02393_7
springer_journals_10_1007_s10957_024_02393_7
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 20240400
2024-04-00
20240401
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2024-04-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 4
  year: 2024
  text: 20240400
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace New York
PublicationPlace_xml – name: New York
PublicationTitle Journal of optimization theory and applications
PublicationTitleAbbrev J Optim Theory Appl
PublicationYear 2024
Publisher Springer US
Springer Nature B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Springer US
– name: Springer Nature B.V
References Nedić, Ozdaglar, Parrilo (CR30) 2010; 55
Notarnicola, Notarstefano (CR32) 2020; 7
Liu, Han, Lin, Liu (CR24) 2021; 358
Wu, Wang, Lu (CR47) 2023; 68
Pu, Shi, Xu, Nedić (CR35) 2021; 66
Chang, Nedić, Scaglione (CR10) 2014; 59
Carli, Dotoli (CR8) 2020; 4
CR37
Polyak (CR34) 2020
Su, Wang, Sun (CR43) 2022; 70
Liu, Li, Shi (CR21) 2020; 114
Liao (CR20) 2021; 23
Nedić, Ozdaglar (CR29) 2009; 54
Zhou, Ma, Zou, Zhang (CR51) 2022; 324
Ion, Valentin (CR14) 2015; 55
Zhu, Martinez (CR53) 2012; 57
Liu, Yu, Chen (CR22) 2022; 52
Li, Shi, Yan (CR18) 2019; 67
Alghunaim, Lyu, Yan, Sayed (CR5) 2021; 69
CR49
CR46
CR45
Arauz, Chanfreut, Maestre (CR6) 2022; 53
Lan, Zhou (CR15) 2020; 76
Nowak (CR33) 2003; 51
Hao, Liang, Li (CR13) 2022; 70
Liang, Wang, Yin (CR19) 2020; 65
Shi, Ling, Wu, Yin (CR41) 2015; 63
Xu, Tian, Sun, Scutari (CR48) 2021; 69
Tong, Feng, Zhao (CR44) 2016; 8
Rockafellar, Uryasev (CR38) 2000; 2
Nedić, Ozdaglar (CR28) 2009; 19
CR12
Lei, Chen, Fang (CR16) 2016; 96
CR11
Alessandro, Maria (CR3) 2022; 135
Nesterov (CR31) 2013; 140
Yuan, Proutiere, Shi (CR50) 2021; 67
Liu, Yang, Hong (CR23) 2017; 62
Alessandro, Ivano, Giuseppe, Maria (CR1) 2020; 117
Arrow, Hurwicz, Uzawa (CR7) 1958
Shi, Ling, Wu, Yin (CR40) 2015; 25
Li, Feng, Xie (CR17) 2021; 66
Mateos-Núñez, Cortés (CR25) 2017; 62
Nedić, Olshevsky, Shi (CR26) 2017; 27
Zhu, Tang (CR52) 2020; 36
Chang (CR9) 2016; 64
CR27
Saadatniaki, Xin, Khan (CR39) 2020; 65
Simonetto, Jamali-Rad (CR42) 2016; 168
Alessandro, Kostas, Simone, Maria (CR2) 2017; 84
Qu, Li (CR36) 2018; 5
Alessandro, Maria (CR4) 2023; 157
J Xu (2393_CR48) 2021; 69
I Notarnicola (2393_CR32) 2020; 7
R Carli (2393_CR8) 2020; 4
X Tong (2393_CR44) 2016; 8
K Zhu (2393_CR52) 2020; 36
2393_CR49
J Lei (2393_CR16) 2016; 96
X Hao (2393_CR13) 2022; 70
2393_CR45
2393_CR46
S Liang (2393_CR19) 2020; 65
A Nedić (2393_CR30) 2010; 55
F Alessandro (2393_CR3) 2022; 135
S Liao (2393_CR20) 2021; 23
X Zhou (2393_CR51) 2022; 324
M Zhu (2393_CR53) 2012; 57
A Nedić (2393_CR28) 2009; 19
2393_CR12
S Pu (2393_CR35) 2021; 66
2393_CR11
D Mateos-Núñez (2393_CR25) 2017; 62
A Simonetto (2393_CR42) 2016; 168
SA Alghunaim (2393_CR5) 2021; 69
F Alessandro (2393_CR4) 2023; 157
Y Su (2393_CR43) 2022; 70
A Nedić (2393_CR26) 2017; 27
C Liu (2393_CR21) 2020; 114
F Alessandro (2393_CR2) 2017; 84
T Arauz (2393_CR6) 2022; 53
2393_CR27
TH Chang (2393_CR9) 2016; 64
H Liu (2393_CR22) 2022; 52
B Polyak (2393_CR34) 2020
W Shi (2393_CR40) 2015; 25
A Nedić (2393_CR29) 2009; 54
RT Rockafellar (2393_CR38) 2000; 2
Z Li (2393_CR18) 2019; 67
F Saadatniaki (2393_CR39) 2020; 65
D Yuan (2393_CR50) 2021; 67
F Alessandro (2393_CR1) 2020; 117
R Nowak (2393_CR33) 2003; 51
X Wu (2393_CR47) 2023; 68
T Liu (2393_CR24) 2021; 358
2393_CR37
G Qu (2393_CR36) 2018; 5
X Li (2393_CR17) 2021; 66
Y Nesterov (2393_CR31) 2013; 140
W Shi (2393_CR41) 2015; 63
KJ Arrow (2393_CR7) 1958
TH Chang (2393_CR10) 2014; 59
Q Liu (2393_CR23) 2017; 62
N Ion (2393_CR14) 2015; 55
G Lan (2393_CR15) 2020; 76
References_xml – ident: CR45
– volume: 65
  start-page: 347
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 353
  ident: CR19
  article-title: Distributed smooth convex optimization with coupled constraints
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 62
  start-page: 4259
  issue: 8
  year: 2017
  end-page: 4265
  ident: CR23
  article-title: Constrained consensus algorithms with fixed step size for distributed convex optimization over multiagent networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– ident: CR49
– volume: 117
  year: 2020
  ident: CR1
  article-title: Tracking-ADMM for distributed constraint-coupled optimization
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 69
  start-page: 5568
  year: 2021
  end-page: 5579
  ident: CR5
  article-title: Dual consensus proximal algorithm for multi-agent sharing problems
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– year: 1958
  ident: CR7
  publication-title: Studies in Linear and Nonlinear Programming
– ident: CR12
– volume: 64
  start-page: 3719
  issue: 14
  year: 2016
  end-page: 3734
  ident: CR9
  article-title: A proximal dual consensus ADMM method for multi-agent constrained optimization
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– volume: 70
  start-page: 523
  year: 2022
  end-page: 535
  ident: CR43
  article-title: Distributed primal-dual method for convex optimization with coupled constraints
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– volume: 67
  start-page: 4494
  issue: 17
  year: 2019
  end-page: 4506
  ident: CR18
  article-title: A decentralized proximal-gradient method with network independent step-sizes and separated convergence rates
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– volume: 96
  start-page: 110
  year: 2016
  end-page: 117
  ident: CR16
  article-title: Primal-dual algorithm for distributed constrained optimization
  publication-title: Syst. Control Lett.
– volume: 63
  start-page: 6013
  issue: 22
  year: 2015
  end-page: 6023
  ident: CR41
  article-title: A proximal gradient algorithm for decentralized composite optimization
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– volume: 4
  start-page: 247
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 252
  ident: CR8
  article-title: Distributed alternating direction method of multipliers for linearly constrained optimization over a network
  publication-title: IEEE Control Syst. Lett.
– ident: CR46
– volume: 70
  start-page: 1548
  year: 2022
  end-page: 1559
  ident: CR13
  article-title: Distributed estimation for multi-subsystem with coupled constraints
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– volume: 52
  start-page: 4874
  issue: 6
  year: 2022
  end-page: 4885
  ident: CR22
  article-title: Discrete-time algorithms for distributed constrained convex optimization with linear convergence rates
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Cybern.
– volume: 168
  start-page: 172
  issue: 1
  year: 2016
  end-page: 197
  ident: CR42
  article-title: Primal recovery from consensus-based dual decomposition for distributed convex optimization
  publication-title: J. Optim. Theory Appl.
– volume: 55
  start-page: 922
  issue: 4
  year: 2010
  end-page: 938
  ident: CR30
  article-title: Constrained consensus and optimization in multi-agent networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– ident: CR11
– volume: 27
  start-page: 2597
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  end-page: 2633
  ident: CR26
  article-title: Achieving geometric convergence for distributed optimization over time-varying graphs
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
– volume: 358
  start-page: 5470
  issue: 10
  year: 2021
  end-page: 5487
  ident: CR24
  article-title: Distributed multi-UAV trajectory optimization over directed networks
  publication-title: J. Frankl. Inst.
– volume: 66
  start-page: 1223
  issue: 3
  year: 2021
  end-page: 1230
  ident: CR17
  article-title: Distributed proximal algorithms for multiagent optimization with coupled inequality constraints
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 62
  start-page: 2720
  issue: 6
  year: 2017
  end-page: 2735
  ident: CR25
  article-title: Distributed saddle-point subgradient algorithms with Laplacian averaging
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 53
  start-page: 338
  year: 2022
  end-page: 355
  ident: CR6
  article-title: Cyber-security in networked and distributed model predictive control
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Control
– volume: 8
  start-page: 64
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  end-page: 81
  ident: CR44
  article-title: A survey on Neyman–Pearson classification and suggestions for future research
  publication-title: WIREs Comput. Stat.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1245
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  end-page: 1260
  ident: CR36
  article-title: Harnessing smoothness to accelerate distributed optimization
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 271
  issue: 4
  year: 2021
  end-page: 280
  ident: CR20
  article-title: A fast distributed algorithm for coupled utility maximization problem with application for power control in wireless sensor networks
  publication-title: J. Commun. Netw.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 21
  year: 2000
  end-page: 41
  ident: CR38
  article-title: Optimization of conditional value-at-risk
  publication-title: J. Risk
– volume: 54
  start-page: 48
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  end-page: 61
  ident: CR29
  article-title: Distributed subgradient methods for multi-agent optimization
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 76
  start-page: 461
  year: 2020
  end-page: 498
  ident: CR15
  article-title: Algorithms for stochastic optimization with function or expectation constraints
  publication-title: Comput. Optim. Appl.
– volume: 140
  start-page: 125
  year: 2013
  end-page: 161
  ident: CR31
  article-title: Gradient methods for minimizing composite functions
  publication-title: Math. Program.
– ident: CR37
– volume: 135
  year: 2022
  ident: CR3
  article-title: Distributed decision-coupled constrained optimization via proximal-tracking
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 84
  start-page: 149
  year: 2017
  end-page: 158
  ident: CR2
  article-title: Dual decomposition for multi-agent distributed optimization with coupling constraints
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 55
  start-page: 209
  year: 2015
  end-page: 216
  ident: CR14
  article-title: On linear convergence of a distributed dual gradient algorithm for linearly constrained separable convex problems
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 57
  start-page: 151
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  end-page: 164
  ident: CR53
  article-title: On distributed convex optimization under inequality and equality constraints
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 7
  start-page: 483
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 492
  ident: CR32
  article-title: Constraint-coupled distributed optimization: a relaxation and duality approach
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1757
  issue: 4
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1780
  ident: CR28
  article-title: Approximate primal solutions and rate analysis for dual subgradient methods
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
– volume: 324
  year: 2022
  ident: CR51
  article-title: Consensus-based distributed economic dispatch for multi micro energy grid systems under coupled carbon emissions
  publication-title: Appl. Energy
– volume: 25
  start-page: 944
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  end-page: 966
  ident: CR40
  article-title: Extra: an exact first-order algorithm for decentralized consensus optimization
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
– ident: CR27
– year: 2020
  ident: CR34
  publication-title: Introduction to Optimization
– volume: 114
  year: 2020
  ident: CR21
  article-title: A unitary distributed subgradient method for multi-agent optimization with different coupling sources
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 36
  start-page: 577
  year: 2020
  end-page: 590
  ident: CR52
  article-title: Primal-dual -subgradient method for distributed optimization
  publication-title: J. Syst. Sci. Complex.
– volume: 69
  start-page: 3555
  year: 2021
  end-page: 3570
  ident: CR48
  article-title: Distributed algorithms for composite optimization: unified framework and convergence analysis
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– volume: 67
  start-page: 616
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  end-page: 639
  ident: CR50
  article-title: Distributed online linear regressions
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory
– volume: 68
  start-page: 1847
  issue: 3
  year: 2023
  end-page: 1854
  ident: CR47
  article-title: Distributed optimization with coupling constraints
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 157
  year: 2023
  ident: CR4
  article-title: Augmented Lagrangian tracking for distributed optimization with equality and inequality coupling constraints
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 65
  start-page: 4769
  issue: 11
  year: 2020
  end-page: 4780
  ident: CR39
  article-title: Decentralized optimization over time-varying directed graphs with row and column-stochastic matrices
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 66
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  end-page: 16
  ident: CR35
  article-title: Push-pull gradient methods for distributed optimization in networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 51
  start-page: 2245
  issue: 8
  year: 2003
  end-page: 2253
  ident: CR33
  article-title: Distributed EM algorithms for density estimation and clustering in sensor networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1524
  issue: 6
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1538
  ident: CR10
  article-title: Distributed constrained optimization by consensus-based primal-dual perturbation method
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
– volume: 55
  start-page: 922
  issue: 4
  year: 2010
  ident: 2393_CR30
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2010.2041686
– volume: 51
  start-page: 2245
  issue: 8
  year: 2003
  ident: 2393_CR33
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2003.814623
– volume: 168
  start-page: 172
  issue: 1
  year: 2016
  ident: 2393_CR42
  publication-title: J. Optim. Theory Appl.
  doi: 10.1007/s10957-015-0758-0
– volume: 8
  start-page: 64
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  ident: 2393_CR44
  publication-title: WIREs Comput. Stat.
  doi: 10.1002/wics.1376
– volume: 27
  start-page: 2597
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  ident: 2393_CR26
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
  doi: 10.1137/16M1084316
– volume: 54
  start-page: 48
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  ident: 2393_CR29
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2008.2009515
– volume: 55
  start-page: 209
  year: 2015
  ident: 2393_CR14
  publication-title: Automatica
  doi: 10.1016/j.automatica.2015.02.038
– volume: 114
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR21
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 64
  start-page: 3719
  issue: 14
  year: 2016
  ident: 2393_CR9
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2016.2544743
– volume: 69
  start-page: 5568
  year: 2021
  ident: 2393_CR5
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3114978
– volume-title: Studies in Linear and Nonlinear Programming
  year: 1958
  ident: 2393_CR7
– volume: 157
  year: 2023
  ident: 2393_CR4
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 53
  start-page: 338
  year: 2022
  ident: 2393_CR6
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Control
  doi: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2021.10.005
– volume: 7
  start-page: 483
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR32
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst.
  doi: 10.1109/TCNS.2019.2925267
– volume: 76
  start-page: 461
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR15
  publication-title: Comput. Optim. Appl.
  doi: 10.1007/s10589-020-00179-x
– volume: 70
  start-page: 1548
  year: 2022
  ident: 2393_CR13
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2022.3163525
– volume: 4
  start-page: 247
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR8
  publication-title: IEEE Control Syst. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LCSYS.2019.2923078
– ident: 2393_CR49
  doi: 10.1109/CDC.2015.7402509
– ident: 2393_CR12
  doi: 10.1109/ALLERTON.2017.8262781
– volume: 324
  year: 2022
  ident: 2393_CR51
  publication-title: Appl. Energy
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1245
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 2393_CR36
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst.
  doi: 10.1109/TCNS.2017.2698261
– volume: 65
  start-page: 4769
  issue: 11
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR39
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2020.2969721
– volume: 358
  start-page: 5470
  issue: 10
  year: 2021
  ident: 2393_CR24
  publication-title: J. Frankl. Inst.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2021.04.044
– volume: 67
  start-page: 4494
  issue: 17
  year: 2019
  ident: 2393_CR18
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2019.2926022
– volume: 57
  start-page: 151
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 2393_CR53
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2011.2167817
– volume: 23
  start-page: 271
  issue: 4
  year: 2021
  ident: 2393_CR20
  publication-title: J. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.23919/JCN.2021.000022
– volume-title: Introduction to Optimization
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR34
– volume: 2
  start-page: 21
  year: 2000
  ident: 2393_CR38
  publication-title: J. Risk
  doi: 10.21314/JOR.2000.038
– volume: 67
  start-page: 616
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 2393_CR50
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2020.3029304
– volume: 66
  start-page: 1223
  issue: 3
  year: 2021
  ident: 2393_CR17
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2020.2989282
– volume: 117
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR1
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 96
  start-page: 110
  year: 2016
  ident: 2393_CR16
  publication-title: Syst. Control Lett.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2016.07.009
– volume: 62
  start-page: 4259
  issue: 8
  year: 2017
  ident: 2393_CR23
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2017.2681200
– ident: 2393_CR27
  doi: 10.1109/CDC.2018.8619322
– volume: 52
  start-page: 4874
  issue: 6
  year: 2022
  ident: 2393_CR22
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Cybern.
  doi: 10.1109/TCYB.2020.3022240
– volume: 62
  start-page: 2720
  issue: 6
  year: 2017
  ident: 2393_CR25
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2016.2616646
– volume: 36
  start-page: 577
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR52
  publication-title: J. Syst. Sci. Complex.
  doi: 10.1007/s11424-023-1321-y
– volume: 69
  start-page: 3555
  year: 2021
  ident: 2393_CR48
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3086579
– volume: 68
  start-page: 1847
  issue: 3
  year: 2023
  ident: 2393_CR47
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2022.3169955
– ident: 2393_CR45
  doi: 10.1109/CDC51059.2022.9992787
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1524
  issue: 6
  year: 2014
  ident: 2393_CR10
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2014.2308612
– volume: 65
  start-page: 347
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 2393_CR19
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2019.2912494
– volume: 25
  start-page: 944
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  ident: 2393_CR40
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
  doi: 10.1137/14096668X
– volume: 70
  start-page: 523
  year: 2022
  ident: 2393_CR43
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3123888
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1757
  issue: 4
  year: 2009
  ident: 2393_CR28
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
  doi: 10.1137/070708111
– volume: 135
  year: 2022
  ident: 2393_CR3
  publication-title: Automatica
– volume: 63
  start-page: 6013
  issue: 22
  year: 2015
  ident: 2393_CR41
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2015.2461520
– ident: 2393_CR11
– volume: 84
  start-page: 149
  year: 2017
  ident: 2393_CR2
  publication-title: Automatica
  doi: 10.1016/j.automatica.2017.07.003
– volume: 66
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 2393_CR35
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
  doi: 10.1109/TAC.2020.2972824
– volume: 140
  start-page: 125
  year: 2013
  ident: 2393_CR31
  publication-title: Math. Program.
  doi: 10.1007/s10107-012-0629-5
– ident: 2393_CR46
– ident: 2393_CR37
  doi: 10.1515/9781400873173
SSID ssj0009874
Score 2.3907325
Snippet This paper focuses on distributed consensus optimization problems with coupled constraints over time-varying multi-agent networks, where the global objective...
SourceID proquest
crossref
springer
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 252
SubjectTerms Algorithms
Applications of Mathematics
Approximation
Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control; Optimization
Constraints
Convergence
Decomposition
Engineering
Machine learning
Mathematics
Mathematics and Statistics
Methods
Multiagent systems
Operations Research/Decision Theory
Optimization
Theory of Computation
Variables
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV07T8MwELagXWBAPEWhoAxsYFE7dRxPCPpQBaJUiErdIr8CQ1-Q9P9zTh0CSDAmdizlzr77zj5_h9AFM0SCl6DY0VNBgBIxLFNtsYqtSAnT7o3LthhGg3H7fsImfsMt82mVpU0sDLVZaLdHfg1htzszgCl3s3zHrmqUO131JTQ2UR1McAzBV_2uNxw9V7S7ccnDTHFIQ-GvzfjLc4JxDD4KFzxgmP90TRXe_HVEWnie_i7a8ZAxuF3reA9t2Pk-2v5GJAhPj1_sq9kBehg5Cokp7q7cZ9NX-I38bRYAPA26jifXlbiyJngCazHz1zADtx8bdBar5RRaXBXPonZEnh2icb_30hlgXzQBa8pbOaZCEaKIJGlbyVakBaeWKMopVVrYUBKWxlpIDWEcU1xREwqlrIo44CiSpiY8QrX5Ym6PUUAUgAlJWaiMgnWuhUm1bnNDAbNJCAQb6LKUV7Jcc2MkFQuyk24C0k0K6SbQu1mKNPHrJEsqrTbQVSnmqvnv0U7-H-0UbdFCsy7Fpolq-cfKngF6yNW5nyKfEUHAYA
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Primal-Dual Algorithm for Distributed Optimization with Coupled Constraints
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10957-024-02393-7
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3040116400
Volume 201
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV07T8MwELZou8CAeIpCqTKwgaXYqeN4LH2KilIhKpUpsh0Hhr5E0v_POU1IQTAwRYkvHs6P-86--w6hGxYRCVaCYktPBQ6Kz7CMtcEqMCImTNsvNtpi7A-nrYcZm-VJYUkR7V5cSWY79U6ym2Acg03BGW8X5hVUY9Z3h1k8pe2SajcouJcp9kAyT5X5vY_v5qjEmD-uRTNr0z9ChzlMdNrbcT1Ge2Z5gg52yAPh7fGLcTU5RaOJpY2Y4-7G_jZ_W4HT_75wAJI6XcuNa8tamch5gh1ikadeOvYM1umsNus5tNjKnVm9iDQ5Q9N-76UzxHmhBKwpd1NMhSJEEUnilpKurwWnhijKKVVaGE8SFgdaSA2uG1Nc0cgTShnlc8BOJI4j7xxVl6uluUAOUQAgJGWeihSsbS2iWOsWjyjgNAnOXx3dFvoK11s-jLBkPrbaDUG7YabdEKQbhUrDfG0koQf7BgEvzXXr6K5Qc9n8d2-X_xO_Qvs0G2kbZtNA1fRjY64BQaSqiSpBf9BEtfbgddSD531vPHluZtPoE9dnwDU
linkProvider Springer Nature
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV07T8MwED5BGYAB8RSFAhlgAovaaZp6QAi1lJY-YACJLcSOA0Nf0FSIP8Vv5C5NCCDB1jFx4uHz-R4-33cAh07AfbQSghE9FQYoZYf5oTZMVYwMuaPpDd226JYb96XrB-dhDj7SWhi6VpnqxFhRB0NNZ-SnGHZTzgBF7nz0wqhrFGVX0xYaU7Fomfc3DNnGZ80aru-REPXLu2qDJV0FmBZuMWJCKs4V93lYUn6xrKUrDFfCFUJpaWyfO2FFS19jnOMoV4nAlkoZVcZ4v8jDMLBx3nlYKNm2pB1VqV9lJL-VlPVZMFvYMinSSUr1pOMytIgsZh1j7k9DmHm3vxKysZ2rr8JK4qBaF1OJWoM5M1iH5W-0hfjU-eJ6HW9A65YIK3qsNqHfek8IWvTct9AZtmrEyksNtUxg3aBu6idFnxad_lrV4WTUwxHqGRp3qojGm3A_EzC3IDcYDsw2WFyh6-ILx1aBQq2iZRBqXXIDgR6ij2FnHo5TvLzRlInDyziXCV0P0fVidD38upBC6iW7cuxlMpSHkxTmbPjv2Xb-n-0AFht3nbbXbnZbu7Ak4lWmyz0FyEWvE7OHfkuk9mNhseBx1tL5CV1t_JA
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1LT8JAEJ4gJEYPxmdEUXvQk25gt5SyB2OUQkAUiZGEW-1ut3rgpZQY_5q_ztnSWjXRG8d2t3v4djqP3ZlvAI4tn3poJRjR9FQYoFQs4gVSEVFVPKCW1G90tkWn0uyVr_tWPwMfSS2MTqtMdGKkqP2x1GfkRQy79Z0BilwxiNMiuk7jYvJCdAcpfdOatNOYi0hbvb9h-DY9bzm41yeMNeoPtSaJOwwQyexSSBgXlArq0aAsvFJFcpspKpjNmJBcmR61gqrknsSYxxK2YL7JhVCigrF_iQaBb-K6S5CzMSoqZSF3Ve9071PK32rCAc2IyUwel-zEhXvcsgnaRxJxkBH7p1lMfd1f17OR1Wusw1rsrhqXc_nagIwabcLqNxJDfLr9Yn6dbkG7q-krBsSZ6c8GTwhb-Dw00DU2HM3Rq9trKd-4Q001jEtADX0WbNTGs8kAR3QH0ahvRTjdht5C4NyB7Gg8UrtgUIGOjMcsU_gCdYzkfiBl2fYZ-osewp2H0wQvdzLn5XBTBmaNrovouhG6Ls4uJJC68T86dVOJysNZAnM6_Pdqe_-vdgTLKJnuTavT3ocVFm2yzvQpQDZ8nakDdGJCcRhLiwGPixbQT1bsAjE
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Primal-Dual+Algorithm+for+Distributed+Optimization+with+Coupled+Constraints&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+optimization+theory+and+applications&rft.au=Gong%2C+Kai&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Liwei&rft.date=2024-04-01&rft.issn=0022-3239&rft.eissn=1573-2878&rft.volume=201&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=252&rft.epage=279&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10957-024-02393-7&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1007_s10957_024_02393_7
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0022-3239&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0022-3239&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0022-3239&client=summon