Response of anestrous heifers fed local grass or oak foliage-based diet with two different mineral mixtures
The effect of incorporation of two different mineral mixtures and/or oak leaves was studied on nutrient utilization and reproductive performance in anestrous heifers. Twenty-one anestrous heifers (18.2 ± 1.45 months; 229 ± 14.2 kg body weight) were randomly distributed into three similar groups. Hei...
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Published in | Tropical animal health and production Vol. 53; no. 2; p. 311 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Abstract | The effect of incorporation of two different mineral mixtures and/or oak leaves was studied on nutrient utilization and reproductive performance in anestrous heifers. Twenty-one anestrous heifers (18.2 ± 1.45 months; 229 ± 14.2 kg body weight) were randomly distributed into three similar groups. Heifers in control (T
1
) and first treatment group (T
2
) were fed concentrate mixture incorporated with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) specific mineral mixture and a customized mineral mixture developed specially for Kumaon hills (MMKH), respectively, along with local green grass (
Pennisetum orientale
). In the second treatment group (T
3
), concentrate mixture was the same as that of T
2
, while the source of roughage was local oak (
Quercus leucotricophora
) leaves containing 3.35% condensed tannin. A digestibility trial was conducted after 120 days of study. The feed intake was similar among the groups. Digestibility coefficient of crude protein (CP) was lower in T
3
than T
2
and comparable to T
1
. Feeding oak leaves improved absorption of calcium as compared to grass-fed animals. Bioavailability of copper and zinc was higher (
P
< 0.05) in oak leaves and MMKH fed group (T
3
) as compared to T
1,
but similar to T
2
. Conversely, absorption of iron had the reverse trend and was reflected in serum Fe concentration. Hematological, biochemical, enzyme and hormonal profiles were not influenced by any of the treatments. The relative occurrence of estrus cyclicity and conception rate was more in groups T
2
and T
3,
respectively, than other groups. It was concluded that feeding oak foliage-based diet containing 1.87% tannin along with customized mineral mixture developed for Kumaon hills improved certain nutrient utilization and reproductive performance as compared to local green grass supplemented with BIS-specific mineral mixture or MMKH. |
---|---|
AbstractList | The effect of incorporation of two different mineral mixtures and/or oak leaves was studied on nutrient utilization and reproductive performance in anestrous heifers. Twenty-one anestrous heifers (18.2 ± 1.45 months; 229 ± 14.2 kg body weight) were randomly distributed into three similar groups. Heifers in control (T
) and first treatment group (T
) were fed concentrate mixture incorporated with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) specific mineral mixture and a customized mineral mixture developed specially for Kumaon hills (MMKH), respectively, along with local green grass (Pennisetum orientale). In the second treatment group (T
), concentrate mixture was the same as that of T
, while the source of roughage was local oak (Quercus leucotricophora) leaves containing 3.35% condensed tannin. A digestibility trial was conducted after 120 days of study. The feed intake was similar among the groups. Digestibility coefficient of crude protein (CP) was lower in T
than T
and comparable to T
. Feeding oak leaves improved absorption of calcium as compared to grass-fed animals. Bioavailability of copper and zinc was higher (P < 0.05) in oak leaves and MMKH fed group (T
) as compared to T
but similar to T
. Conversely, absorption of iron had the reverse trend and was reflected in serum Fe concentration. Hematological, biochemical, enzyme and hormonal profiles were not influenced by any of the treatments. The relative occurrence of estrus cyclicity and conception rate was more in groups T
and T
respectively, than other groups. It was concluded that feeding oak foliage-based diet containing 1.87% tannin along with customized mineral mixture developed for Kumaon hills improved certain nutrient utilization and reproductive performance as compared to local green grass supplemented with BIS-specific mineral mixture or MMKH. The effect of incorporation of two different mineral mixtures and/or oak leaves was studied on nutrient utilization and reproductive performance in anestrous heifers. Twenty-one anestrous heifers (18.2 ± 1.45 months; 229 ± 14.2 kg body weight) were randomly distributed into three similar groups. Heifers in control (T 1 ) and first treatment group (T 2 ) were fed concentrate mixture incorporated with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) specific mineral mixture and a customized mineral mixture developed specially for Kumaon hills (MMKH), respectively, along with local green grass ( Pennisetum orientale ). In the second treatment group (T 3 ), concentrate mixture was the same as that of T 2 , while the source of roughage was local oak ( Quercus leucotricophora ) leaves containing 3.35% condensed tannin. A digestibility trial was conducted after 120 days of study. The feed intake was similar among the groups. Digestibility coefficient of crude protein (CP) was lower in T 3 than T 2 and comparable to T 1 . Feeding oak leaves improved absorption of calcium as compared to grass-fed animals. Bioavailability of copper and zinc was higher ( P < 0.05) in oak leaves and MMKH fed group (T 3 ) as compared to T 1, but similar to T 2 . Conversely, absorption of iron had the reverse trend and was reflected in serum Fe concentration. Hematological, biochemical, enzyme and hormonal profiles were not influenced by any of the treatments. The relative occurrence of estrus cyclicity and conception rate was more in groups T 2 and T 3, respectively, than other groups. It was concluded that feeding oak foliage-based diet containing 1.87% tannin along with customized mineral mixture developed for Kumaon hills improved certain nutrient utilization and reproductive performance as compared to local green grass supplemented with BIS-specific mineral mixture or MMKH. The effect of incorporation of two different mineral mixtures and/or oak leaves was studied on nutrient utilization and reproductive performance in anestrous heifers. Twenty-one anestrous heifers (18.2 ± 1.45 months; 229 ± 14.2 kg body weight) were randomly distributed into three similar groups. Heifers in control (T1) and first treatment group (T2) were fed concentrate mixture incorporated with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) specific mineral mixture and a customized mineral mixture developed specially for Kumaon hills (MMKH), respectively, along with local green grass (Pennisetum orientale). In the second treatment group (T3), concentrate mixture was the same as that of T2, while the source of roughage was local oak (Quercus leucotricophora) leaves containing 3.35% condensed tannin. A digestibility trial was conducted after 120 days of study. The feed intake was similar among the groups. Digestibility coefficient of crude protein (CP) was lower in T3 than T2 and comparable to T1. Feeding oak leaves improved absorption of calcium as compared to grass-fed animals. Bioavailability of copper and zinc was higher (P < 0.05) in oak leaves and MMKH fed group (T3) as compared to T1, but similar to T2. Conversely, absorption of iron had the reverse trend and was reflected in serum Fe concentration. Hematological, biochemical, enzyme and hormonal profiles were not influenced by any of the treatments. The relative occurrence of estrus cyclicity and conception rate was more in groups T2 and T3, respectively, than other groups. It was concluded that feeding oak foliage-based diet containing 1.87% tannin along with customized mineral mixture developed for Kumaon hills improved certain nutrient utilization and reproductive performance as compared to local green grass supplemented with BIS-specific mineral mixture or MMKH. |
ArticleNumber | 311 |
Author | Raju, Jakkula Garg, Anil Kumar Mohanta, Ranjan Kumar Sahoo, Biswanath Narayanan, K Chandrakar, Akash |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Akash surname: Chandrakar fullname: Chandrakar, Akash organization: ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute – sequence: 2 givenname: Biswanath orcidid: 0000-0003-0924-0724 surname: Sahoo fullname: Sahoo, Biswanath email: sahoobiswanath11@gmail.com organization: ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture – sequence: 3 givenname: Jakkula surname: Raju fullname: Raju, Jakkula organization: ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute – sequence: 4 givenname: Ranjan Kumar surname: Mohanta fullname: Mohanta, Ranjan Kumar organization: Krishi Vigyan Kendra, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute – sequence: 5 givenname: K surname: Narayanan fullname: Narayanan, K organization: ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute – sequence: 6 givenname: Anil Kumar surname: Garg fullname: Garg, Anil Kumar organization: ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute |
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Cites_doi | 10.5958/0974-181X.2018.00003.3 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.12.006 10.1002/jsfa.4152 10.1186/s40104-015-0020-5 10.1002/jsfa.10834 10.1590/s1806-92902017001200009 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.12.013 10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00394-1 10.5958/2231-6744.2017.00066.4 10.1007/s11250-012-0159-4 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2 10.1007/s40011-018-0967-z 10.1080/1745039X.2014.951193 10.1021/jf00123a006 10.1002/jsfa.5643 10.2527/1994.72113004x 10.1093/jas/skaa047 10.1079/9781845934729.0000 |
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Keywords | Reproduction Tannin Minerals Blood biochemistry Heifers Oak leaves |
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SubjectTerms | Absorption Bioavailability Biomedical and Life Sciences Body weight Calcium absorption Customization Diet Digestibility Estrus Foliage Grasses Iron Leaves Life Sciences Nutrient utilization Oak Pennisetum orientale Physical growth Quercus leucotrichophora Regular Articles Reproduction Tannins Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science Zoology |
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Title | Response of anestrous heifers fed local grass or oak foliage-based diet with two different mineral mixtures |
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