Blockchain-based Logistics 4.0: enhancing performance of logistics service providers

• Published in: Asia Pacific journal of marketing and logistics Vol. 36; no. 6; pp. 1442 - 1463
• Main Authors: Tan, Jiajun, Wong, Wai Peng, Tan, Chee Keong, Jomthanachai, Suriyan, Lim, Chee Peng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Patrington Emerald Publishing Limited 07.06.2024; Emerald Group Publishing Limited
• Subjects: Blockchain; Decentralization; Decision making; Economic growth; Efficiency; GDP; Gross Domestic Product; Industry 4.0; International trade; Literature reviews; Logistics; Supply chains; Technology; Logistics 4.0; Logistics service supply chain; Industry 4.0; Logistics service provider; Logistics performance; Blockchain
• ISSN: 1355-5855; 1758-4248
• DOI: 10.1108/APJML-07-2023-0650

PurposeTechnology is the lifeline for the logistics industry, and it has been immensely disrupted by the emerging blockchain technology. This paper has two main objectives. The first is to explore how the current blockchain technology can be implemented in the logistics industry with the aim of improving logistic services amongst the network of logistics service providers (LSPs). The second is to propose the development of a blockchain model for the small and medium logistics service supply chain.Design/methodology/approachA prototype blockchain-based logistics system has been created and tested in a case study with a real logistics company. The primary technologies for developing a blockchain model on the Hyperledger platform as well as how the system is designed based on the logistics service flow are explained.FindingsThe study has resulted in the successful implementation of the proposed prototype blockchain-based logistics system. In particular, the case company has managed to fully utilise the developed tracking and tracing system. Whilst utilising the prototype, the participants have been able to fulfil their responsibilities in an effective manner. The performance of LSPs has improved following the World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI) criteria.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to current research in the application of blockchain technologies in the domain of logistics and the supply chain to progress LSPs towards Logistics 4.0. The current frameworks for Logistics 4.0 and how blockchain as a disruptive technology revolutionises logistic services are reviewed. In addition, this paper highlights the benefits of blockchain technology that LSPs can leverage to further improve their performance based on the LPI criteria.