Mtanye revisited: new insights into the Middle Iron Age of southern Zambezia
In southern Zambezia, the early second millennium AD witnessed socio-political transformations within local agropastoralist societies. Research continues to unearth evidence of multiple places that likely functioned as the centres of state-based polities. This paper reports on surveys and excavation...
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Published in | Azania Vol. 57; no. 3; pp. 335 - 364 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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03.07.2022
Taylor & Francis Ltd |
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Abstract | In southern Zambezia, the early second millennium AD witnessed socio-political transformations within local agropastoralist societies. Research continues to unearth evidence of multiple places that likely functioned as the centres of state-based polities. This paper reports on surveys and excavations undertaken at Mtanye, located about 50 km east of Gwanda in southwestern Zimbabwe and approximately 90 km north of the Shashi-Limpopo Confluence Area where Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe meet. Fieldwork identified local expressions of prestige such as stone walling, exotic items such as glass beads and evidence of long-term occupation with a successive layering and mix of K2, TK2 and Mapungubwe facies. Based on this evidence, it is therefore suggested that the similarities in material culture between Mapungubwe, Mtanye and other neighbouring sites like Mapela and Mananzve reflect social networks of shared ideas and practices rather than the existence of a single hegemonic state. Furthermore, the community at Mtanye deployed different strategies to survive and thrive in seemingly inhospitable drylands. |
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AbstractList | In southern Zambezia, the early second millennium AD witnessed socio-political transformations within local agropastoralist societies. Research continues to unearth evidence of multiple places that likely functioned as the centres of state-based polities. This paper reports on surveys and excavations undertaken at Mtanye, located about 50 km east of Gwanda in southwestern Zimbabwe and approximately 90 km north of the Shashi-Limpopo Confluence Area where Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe meet. Fieldwork identified local expressions of prestige such as stone walling, exotic items such as glass beads and evidence of long-term occupation with a successive layering and mix of K2, TK2 and Mapungubwe facies. Based on this evidence, it is therefore suggested that the similarities in material culture between Mapungubwe, Mtanye and other neighbouring sites like Mapela and Mananzve reflect social networks of shared ideas and practices rather than the existence of a single hegemonic state. Furthermore, the community at Mtanye deployed different strategies to survive and thrive in seemingly inhospitable drylands. |
Author | Mushangwe, Cornelius T. Nyamushosho, Robert T. Scholfield, Jordan R. Chirikure, Shadreck |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jordan R. surname: Scholfield fullname: Scholfield, Jordan R. email: scholfield.jordan@gmail.com organization: University of Cape Town – sequence: 2 givenname: Robert T. orcidid: 0000-0003-3449-9316 surname: Nyamushosho fullname: Nyamushosho, Robert T. organization: University of Cape Town – sequence: 3 givenname: Cornelius T. surname: Mushangwe fullname: Mushangwe, Cornelius T. organization: University of Cape Town – sequence: 4 givenname: Shadreck surname: Chirikure fullname: Chirikure, Shadreck organization: School of Archaeology, University of Oxford |
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SubjectTerms | adaptation Arid zones Fieldwork Iron Age Leopard's Kopje Material culture Middle Iron Age Mtanye Prestige Social networks socio-political complexity southern Zambezia Stratification |
Title | Mtanye revisited: new insights into the Middle Iron Age of southern Zambezia |
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