Effect of the Structure of Biopolymers on the Morphology of Organic and Carbon Aerogel Nanomaterials Based on Them

• Published in: Russian journal of physical chemistry. B Vol. 17; no. 7; pp. 1434 - 1441
• Main Authors: Palamarchuk, I. A., Gorshkova, N. A., Brovko, O. S., Ivakhnov, A. D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01.12.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetone; Aerogels; Biopolymers; Carbon; Chemical reactions; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chitosan; Hydrogels; Lignosulfonates; Nanomaterials; Particle size; Particle size distribution; Physical Chemistry; Sodium alginate; Solvents; Supercritical fluids; Synthesis; alginate; chitosan; lignosulfonate; supercritical fluid technologies; organic and carbon aerogels; aerogel; textural characteristics
• DOI: 10.1134/S1990793123070096
• ISSN: 1990-7931

Organic and carbon aerogels based on sodium alginate–chitosan (NaAL–CT) and sodium lignosulfonate–chitosan (NaLS–CT) binary hydrogels are synthesized using supercritical fluid technologies and carbonization. The effect of the mode of replacing the solvent with acetone in hydrogels on the textural properties of aerogels based on the hydrogels is studied. It is shown that the dynamic mode of solvent replacement in binary hydrogels makes it possible to reduce the process time by a factor of six and significantly decrease the consumption of acetone compared with the respective parameters in the case of solvent replacement in the static mode and preserve the developed pore structure of the material. The specific surface area of the NaAL–CT and NaLS–CT organic aerogels is 100 and 260 m 2 /g, respectively, while that of the carbon aerogels based on them is 438 and 868 m 2 /g, respectively. Using scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, it is found that the supramolecular structure of the synthesized organic and carbon aerogel nanomaterials is a cluster structure; the main contribution to the particle size distribution in the NaAL–CT and NaLS–CT carbon aerogels is made by the fraction with a particle size of 35–45 and 35–55 nm, respectively. The synthesized organic and carbon aerogels can be used in various practical applications, for example, as a base for supercapacitors in low-voltage electronics, catalysts for various chemical processes, sorption and filtration materials, and carrier matrices for various active substances (medicinal compounds, metals, cells).