Refractory Hypokalemia in Secretory Diarrhea Phenotype of Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie's Syndrome)
Colonic pseudo-obstruction is an acute non-obstructive colonic dilation associated with constipation or secretory diarrhea. The secretory diarrhea phenotype is associated with refractory hypokalemia that may require different interventions to treat. We present a case of a 51-year-old male who was ad...
Saved in:
Published in | Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 14; no. 11; p. e32026 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Cureus Inc
29.11.2022
Cureus |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Colonic pseudo-obstruction is an acute non-obstructive colonic dilation associated with constipation or secretory diarrhea. The secretory diarrhea phenotype is associated with refractory hypokalemia that may require different interventions to treat. We present a case of a 51-year-old male who was admitted with a hemorrhagic stroke whose hospital course was complicated by severe abdominal distension, diarrhea, and hypokalemia. Initial investigations excluded infectious causes. Imaging confirmed colonic pseudo-obstruction. The hypokalemia was severe and refractory, requiring daily potassium replacement along with rectal tube decompression and spironolactone. Despite these interventions, the hypokalemia persists and requires nearly 100 days to resolve completely. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Colonic pseudo-obstruction is an acute non-obstructive colonic dilation associated with constipation or secretory diarrhea. The secretory diarrhea phenotype is associated with refractory hypokalemia that may require different interventions to treat. We present a case of a 51-year-old male who was admitted with a hemorrhagic stroke whose hospital course was complicated by severe abdominal distension, diarrhea, and hypokalemia. Initial investigations excluded infectious causes. Imaging confirmed colonic pseudo-obstruction. The hypokalemia was severe and refractory, requiring daily potassium replacement along with rectal tube decompression and spironolactone. Despite these interventions, the hypokalemia persists and requires nearly 100 days to resolve completely. |
Author | Aloyouny, Saleh H Saleem, Akbar Hazzazi, Ahmad A |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, SAU |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, SAU |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ahmad A surname: Hazzazi fullname: Hazzazi, Ahmad A organization: Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, SAU – sequence: 2 givenname: Saleh H surname: Aloyouny fullname: Aloyouny, Saleh H organization: Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, SAU – sequence: 3 givenname: Akbar surname: Saleem fullname: Saleem, Akbar organization: Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, SAU |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36600865$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNpVkc1LAzEQxYMoft88S8CDCm5Nsm02uQhSP0FosXoOSXbWRrdJTXaF_e-tVoueZuD9ePOYt4PWffCA0AElvaIYyHPbRmhTL2eE8TW0zSgXmaCiv_5n30L7Kb0SQigpGCnIJtrKOSdE8ME2co9QRW2bEDt8183Dm65h5jR2Hk_ARvgWrpyOcQoaj6fgQ9PNAYcKD0MdvLN4nKAtQzYyqYmtbVzw-GT04uoPB8cJTzpfxjCD0z20Uek6wf7P3EXPN9dPw7vsYXR7P7x8yCzjvMkotZQBN7ISXOZg84L1RU4lMSKvTMmg6g8oo5aZSkpJTcltaUswVDLDiSzzXXSx9J23ZgalBd9EXat5dDMdOxW0U_8V76bqJXwoKcjXkxYGRz8GMby3kBr1GtroF5kVKwrKiOwLvqDOlpSNIaUI1eoCJeqrG7XsRn13s8AP_6Zawb9N5J_RA49Y |
Cites_doi | 10.1097/MD.0000000000011187 10.1155/2016/1207240 10.1016/j.amsu.2014.04.002 10.1056/NEJM199907153410301 10.1007/BF02555027 10.1111/nmo.13120 10.1056/NEJM198402163100719 10.1002/path.1750 10.12890/2019_001175 10.1055/s-0035-1549100 10.1152/ajpgi.00132.2009 10.14309/01.ajg.0000780708.45634.23 10.1126/science.1190414 10.5414/CN109002 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | Copyright © 2022, Hazzazi et al. Copyright © 2022, Hazzazi et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright © 2022, Hazzazi et al. 2022 Hazzazi et al. |
Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2022, Hazzazi et al. – notice: Copyright © 2022, Hazzazi et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: Copyright © 2022, Hazzazi et al. 2022 Hazzazi et al. |
DBID | NPM AAYXX CITATION 3V. 7X7 7XB 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH K9. M0S PIMPY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 5PM |
DOI | 10.7759/cureus.32026 |
DatabaseName | PubMed CrossRef ProQuest Central (Corporate) Proquest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) |
DatabaseTitle | PubMed CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central China ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Complete Health Research Premium Collection ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest One Academic ProQuest Central (Alumni) |
DatabaseTitleList | Publicly Available Content Database PubMed |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X7 name: Proquest Health & Medical Complete url: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Medicine |
EISSN | 2168-8184 |
ExternalDocumentID | 10_7759_cureus_32026 36600865 |
Genre | Case Reports |
GroupedDBID | 3V. 53G 5VS 7X7 8FI 8FJ ABUWG ADBBV ADRAZ AFKRA ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BCNDV BENPR BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ HMCUK HYE KQ8 M48 NPM OK1 PGMZT PIMPY PQQKQ PROAC RPM UKHRP AAYXX CITATION 7XB 8FK AZQEC DWQXO K9. PQEST PQUKI PRINS 5PM |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c266t-11c12e6b9f8693ec372483190b83fbd2ef45121c2bf9991bd6cdcdeb192b609d3 |
IEDL.DBID | RPM |
ISSN | 2168-8184 |
IngestDate | Tue Sep 17 21:30:24 EDT 2024 Thu Oct 10 17:09:34 EDT 2024 Fri Aug 23 03:45:59 EDT 2024 Sat Sep 28 08:19:31 EDT 2024 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 11 |
Keywords | refractory secretory diarrhea colonic pseudo-obstruction hypokalemia ogilvie's syndrome |
Language | English |
License | Copyright © 2022, Hazzazi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c266t-11c12e6b9f8693ec372483190b83fbd2ef45121c2bf9991bd6cdcdeb192b609d3 |
OpenAccessLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9800001/ |
PMID | 36600865 |
PQID | 2771209486 |
PQPubID | 2045583 |
ParticipantIDs | pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9800001 proquest_journals_2771209486 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_32026 pubmed_primary_36600865 |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2022-11-29 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-11-29 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 11 year: 2022 text: 2022-11-29 day: 29 |
PublicationDecade | 2020 |
PublicationPlace | United States |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States – name: Palo Alto – name: Palo Alto (CA) |
PublicationTitle | Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) |
PublicationTitleAlternate | Cureus |
PublicationYear | 2022 |
Publisher | Cureus Inc Cureus |
Publisher_xml | – name: Cureus Inc – name: Cureus |
References | Vanek VW (ref1) 1986; 29 Bargiela IS (ref11) 2019; 6 Ponec RJ (ref15) 1999; 341 Chudzinski AP (ref2) 2015; 28 Bazerbachi F (ref3) 2017; 29 Boobés K (ref4) 2017; 87 Mulvihill S (ref13) 1984; 310 Perry MD (ref12) 2009; 297 Mathialahan T (ref6) 2005; 206 Haj M (ref8) 2018; 97 Ben Ameur H (ref9) 2013; 91 Yuan P (ref5) 2010; 329 Valle RG (ref14) 2014; 3 Alleyasin (ref10) 2021; 116 Ram P (ref7) 2016; 2016 |
References_xml | – volume: 97 year: 2018 ident: ref8 article-title: Ogilvie's syndrome: Management and outcomes publication-title: Medicine (Baltimore) doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011187 contributor: fullname: Haj M – volume: 2016 year: 2016 ident: ref7 article-title: Use of aldosterone antagonist to treat diarrhea and hypokalemia of Ogilvie's syndrome publication-title: Case Rep Gastrointest Med doi: 10.1155/2016/1207240 contributor: fullname: Ram P – volume: 3 year: 2014 ident: ref14 article-title: Neostigmine for acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: A meta-analysis publication-title: Ann Med Surg (Lond) doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2014.04.002 contributor: fullname: Valle RG – volume: 91 year: 2013 ident: ref9 article-title: [Treatment of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's Syndrome). Systematic review] publication-title: Tunis Med contributor: fullname: Ben Ameur H – volume: 341 year: 1999 ident: ref15 article-title: Neostigmine for the treatment of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJM199907153410301 contributor: fullname: Ponec RJ – volume: 29 year: 1986 ident: ref1 article-title: Acute pseudo-obstruction of the colon (Ogilvie's syndrome). An analysis of 400 cases publication-title: Dis Colon Rectum doi: 10.1007/BF02555027 contributor: fullname: Vanek VW – volume: 29 year: 2017 ident: ref3 article-title: Secretory diarrhea and hypokalemia associated with colonic pseudo-obstruction: A case study and systematic analysis of the literature publication-title: Neurogastroenterol Motil doi: 10.1111/nmo.13120 contributor: fullname: Bazerbachi F – volume: 310 year: 1984 ident: ref13 article-title: Severe diarrhea after colonic pseudo-obstruction: Treatment with somatostatin publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJM198402163100719 contributor: fullname: Mulvihill S – volume: 206 year: 2005 ident: ref6 article-title: Enhanced large intestinal potassium permeability in end-stage renal disease publication-title: J Pathol doi: 10.1002/path.1750 contributor: fullname: Mathialahan T – volume: 6 year: 2019 ident: ref11 article-title: A rare presentation of Ogilvie's syndrome publication-title: Eur J Case Rep Intern Med doi: 10.12890/2019_001175 contributor: fullname: Bargiela IS – volume: 28 year: 2015 ident: ref2 article-title: Acute colonic pseudoobstruction publication-title: Clin Colon Rectal Surg doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1549100 contributor: fullname: Chudzinski AP – volume: 297 year: 2009 ident: ref12 article-title: Regulation of colonic apical potassium (BK) channels by cAMP and somatostatin publication-title: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00132.2009 contributor: fullname: Perry MD – volume: 116 year: 2021 ident: ref10 article-title: Refractory hypokalemia in the setting of ogilvie syndrome publication-title: Am J Gastroenterol doi: 10.14309/01.ajg.0000780708.45634.23 contributor: fullname: Alleyasin – volume: 329 year: 2010 ident: ref5 article-title: Structure of the human BK channel Ca2+-activation apparatus at 3.0 A resolution publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1190414 contributor: fullname: Yuan P – volume: 87 year: 2017 ident: ref4 article-title: Hypokalemia associated with acute colonic pseudo-obstruction in an ESRD patient publication-title: Clin Nephrol doi: 10.5414/CN109002 contributor: fullname: Boobés K |
SSID | ssj0001072070 |
Score | 2.2580235 |
Snippet | Colonic pseudo-obstruction is an acute non-obstructive colonic dilation associated with constipation or secretory diarrhea. The secretory diarrhea phenotype is... |
SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest crossref pubmed |
SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database |
StartPage | e32026 |
SubjectTerms | Abdomen Bone surgery Case reports Colon Diarrhea Electrolytes Gastroenterology Hypokalemia Internal Medicine Mortality Other Pathophysiology Patients Potassium Urine |
SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: ProQuest Central dbid: BENPR link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1JT9wwFLZYJMQFAaUwLSAfqKAHw9hOvJwQq0ZIwAiKxC2KN4igyXTCHPj32IlnYIrE2Vmkz_b39vcA2OlSqVwuBWLcaZSkAiPlRI6MIzalTBGOQ4Hz5RXr3SUX9-l9dLjVMa1yzIkNUZtKBx_5AeE8lHkmgh0O_qEwNSpEV-MIjVkwT3ASwrTzx2dX_Zt3L0uXE3-o24x3zlN5oEdDO6r3w9hwNi2LPimY_-dJfhA858tgKWqM8Kjd4hUwY8tVsHAZY-LfQHFj3bCZmvMKe6-D6slT_t8ih0UJb4NO2CycFvlw6HkX9h9tWQW_K6wcPPHMVxYa9ms7MhW6VpNusnDv-qF49pDs1vA2NjX4vQbuzs_-nPRQHKCAtJe7LwhjjYllSjrBJLWacpIIf-e6SlCnDLEu8fIea6Jc0BOVYdpo49lbEsW60tDvYK6sSrsBoKU69Pnx1OntNyVFbg011msDRFPp3-uAX2Mos0HbJyPz9kWAPGshzxrIO2BzjHMWb0udve9tB6y3kE8-QhkLZlfaAXxqMyYPhP7Y0ytl8dj0yZaiiV38-PqXP8EiCSUNGCMiN8GcB9pueUXjRW3H0_QGr23YIQ priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest – databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access dbid: M48 link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwdV1Lb9QwELZKkapeEI9CFwryAVR68BLbiR8nhArVCmlpRbtSb1H8aqOWpGS7EvvvGeex6rZwnmQOn8cz39ieGYTeJ1ybUGhFhAyWpJmixARVEBeYz7gwTNJY4Dz9ISaz9Pt5dr6BhmmjPYDzf6Z2cZ7UrLke__m9_AwbHvjrWMpMf7KLxi_m4zgJXDxCj1nK02jr057ot6ctiWRJOzmOUaEIRKm0ewX_QME22uJCRKafrYeqB_zz_jPKO3Hp6Cl60hNK_KWzgGdow1fP0da0vzJ_gcqfPjTtUJ0lnixv6iuICL_KApcVPo2UsRV8LYumAbeMTy59VcdjWVwHfAiOsSotPpn7havJsVk1m8Ufjy_Kawip-3N82vc8ONhBs6NvZ4cT0s9XIBbC8i2h1FLmhdFBCc295ZKlCrZkYhQPxjEfUqAD1DITIo00TlhnHTh3zYxItOMv0WZVV34XYc9tbAMEnhXSO6NV4R13HsgCs1zDfyP0YYAyv-naaOSQfkT08w79vEV_hPYGnPPBFnImZazwTRWIX3WQr5QMazVCcm0xVh_E9tnrkqq8bNtoa9Vebbz-r843aJvFYgdKCdN7aBMw9m-Bgtyad611_QURktui priority: 102 providerName: Scholars Portal |
Title | Refractory Hypokalemia in Secretory Diarrhea Phenotype of Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie's Syndrome) |
URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36600865 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2771209486 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9800001 |
Volume | 14 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1JT9tAFB6xSFUvVUsX0kI0h1bQwyTxjD3LsaSgqFIggiLlZnk2sCB2lJAD_75vxk5E2luP1vNY1jdv3jZvQejrgCntCyUJF96QNJMJ0V4WxHrqMsY1FUkocB5f8tFt-muaTXdQtq6FiUn7Rpe96nHWq8r7mFs5n5n-Ok-sPxkPlYxB6f4u2hWMvXDRY2BlICjwcZPkLkSm-ma1cKtlL0wK59vq5x-b8u_UyBe65uItetMaifhH8zPv0I6rDtCrcXsN_h6V184v4qCcZzx6ntcPIOVnZYHLCt8EMzASfpbFYgGiFk_uXVWHUCuuPR6CsKtKgydLt7I1udKbBrL49OqufAQ1ebLEN20fg-8f0O3F-e_hiLQzE4gBVftEksQk1HGtvOSKOcMETSUcs4GWzGtLnU9BxSeGah9MQ225scaCwFZU84Gy7CPaq-rKHSLsmAmtfUBagsumlSycZdaBAUANU7Cug76tocznTWuMHFyKAHneQJ5HyDvoaI1z3h6QZU6FCFW7qQTypwbyzUcY58HTyjpIbG3G5oXQEnubApwSW2O3nPH5v1d-Qa9pKHBIEkLVEdqDPXDHYHY86S4w21R00f7Z-eXkGp7GqexG1vsDKUnhOw |
link.rule.ids | 230,315,733,786,790,891,2236,12083,21416,24346,27955,27956,31752,33777,43343,43838,53825,53827,74100,74657 |
linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1JbxMxGP0EqQRcqpY1bSk-gICDacae8XJCUFoFaNKoi9TbaLzRETCTZppD_33tGSclIHH2LNKz_b7Nfh_A6wGVyhVSYMadxmkmEqycKLBxxGaUKcKTcMF5NGbD8_TbRXYRE25NPFa54MSWqE2tQ458j3Aernmmgn2cXuHQNSpUV2MLjfuwFiQ3RQ_WPh-MJyd3WZYBJ35RdyfeOc_knp7P7Lz5ENqGs1Vb9I-D-fc5yT8Mz-EGrEePEX3qpngT7tnqMTwYxZr4EyhPrJu1XXNu0PBmWv_0lP-7LFBZodPgE7YDX8piNvO8iyaXtqpD3hXVDu175qtKjSaNnZsaH6ulmix6d_yj_OUhedug0yhq8P4pnB8enO0PcWyggLW3u9c4SXRCLFPSCSap1ZSTVPg9N1CCOmWIdam394kmygU_URmmjTaevSVRbCANfQa9qq7sC0CW6qDz46nTx29KisIaaqz3Boim0r_XhzcLKPNpp5OR-_giQJ53kOct5H3YWeCcx93S5Hdz24fnHeTLj1DGQtiV9YGvTMbygaCPvTpSlZetTrYUbe1i6_-_fAUPh2ejo_zo6_j7Njwi4XpDkmAid6DnQbcvvdNxrXbjyroFDYDbFw |
linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Jb9QwFLagSBUXVMrSoYX6AAIOZhI78XJCqGU0LG1HlEpzi-KNRkAynXQO_fd9TjxThko9O4v0Pft7q99D6HXClPalkoQLb0iWy5RoL0tiPXU545qKNFxwPjrm47Ps6zSfxvqnNpZVLjmxI2rbmBAjH1IhwjXPTPKhj2URk8PRx9kFCROkQqY1jtO4jx6AlkzCGAcxFTfxlkRQ2N597bsQuRqaxdwt2g9hgDhf10q3TM3_Kyb_UUGjLfQo2o74Uy_sx-ieq7fR5lHMjj9B1Q_n5938nCs8vpo1v4H8_1Ylrmp8GqzDbuGwKudzYGA8OXd1EyKwuPH4ADiwrgyetG5hG3KiV31l8buTX9UfAOdti09je4P3T9HZ6PPPgzGJoxSIAQ18SdLUpNRxrbzkijnDBM0knL5ES-a1pc5noPlTQ7UPFqO23FhjgccV1TxRlj1DG3VTux2EHTOh4w-QKHhyWsnSWWYd2AXUMAXvDdCbJZTFrO-YUYCnESAvesiLDvIB2lviXMRz0xY3Uh6g5z3kq48wzoMDlg-QWBPG6oHQKXt9pa7Ou47ZSnZZjBd3_3IfbcKWKr5_Of62ix7ScM8hTQlVe2gDMHcvwfq41K-6bXUNEMfd1A |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Refractory+Hypokalemia+in+Secretory+Diarrhea+Phenotype+of+Colonic+Pseudo-Obstruction+%28Ogilvie%27s+Syndrome%29&rft.jtitle=Cur%C4%93us+%28Palo+Alto%2C+CA%29&rft.au=Hazzazi%2C+Ahmad+A&rft.au=Aloyouny%2C+Saleh+H&rft.au=Saleem%2C+Akbar&rft.date=2022-11-29&rft.issn=2168-8184&rft.eissn=2168-8184&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e32026&rft_id=info:doi/10.7759%2Fcureus.32026&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36600865&rft.externalDocID=36600865 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2168-8184&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2168-8184&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2168-8184&client=summon |