Characterization of tularemia foci in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2000 to 2020
The wide distribution of tularemia in the territory of Kazakhstan is associated with landscape and geographical characteristics. This is explained by a combination of natural factors: the presence of certain types of rodents-reservoirs and sources, ectoparasites-carriers of the causative agent of tu...
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| Published in | Frontiers in Epidemiology (Online) Vol. 4; p. 1291690 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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19.02.2024
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| Abstract | The wide distribution of tularemia in the territory of Kazakhstan is associated with landscape and geographical characteristics. This is explained by a combination of natural factors: the presence of certain types of rodents-reservoirs and sources, ectoparasites-carriers of the causative agent of tularemia. The study of the current spatial and temporal characterization of tularemia in Kazakhstan from 2000 to 2020 will determine the epidemiological status of tularemia and improve the monitoring system in Kazakhstan. In this work we demonstrated the results of a retrospective survey of natural foci of tularemia: analysis of vector, small mammal and human data. The spatial and temporal characteristics of tularemia from 2000 to 2020 in the territory of Kazakhstan were studied in comparison with historical data, including the description of tularemia outbreaks, the clinical picture, and the source of infection, transmission factors, and geographical coordinates of outbreak registration. Sampling was carried out by trapping rodents on snap traps and collecting ticks by rodent combing and by "flagging" methods. For the last 20 years, 85 human cases of tularemia have been reported. During the period from 2000 to 2020, more than 600 strains of
were isolated from field rodents and ticks in the natural foci of tularemia. MLVA typing of
strains isolated from natural foci of tularemia in Kazakhstan over the past 20 years. The results of retrospective monitoring indicate that currently active foci of tularemia include the Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Almaty, East Kazakhstan, and Pavlodar regions. Low-activity natural foci are located in the territory of the Akmola, Karaganda, North Kazakhstan, Kostanay, Atyrau, Zhambyl, and Kyzylorda regions. There are no active natural foci of tularemia in the Mangystau and Turkestan regions. The widespread occurrence of tularemia in the country is associated with landscape and geographical features that contribute to the circulation of the pathogen in the natural focus. An analysis of natural foci of tularemia showed that it is necessary to continue monitoring studies of carriers and vectors for the presence of the causative agent of the
, in order to prevent mass cases of human disease. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The wide distribution of tularemia in the territory of Kazakhstan is associated with landscape and geographical characteristics. This is explained by a combination of natural factors: the presence of certain types of rodents-reservoirs and sources, ectoparasites-carriers of the causative agent of tularemia. The study of the current spatial and temporal characterization of tularemia in Kazakhstan from 2000 to 2020 will determine the epidemiological status of tularemia and improve the monitoring system in Kazakhstan. In this work we demonstrated the results of a retrospective survey of natural foci of tularemia: analysis of vector, small mammal and human data. The spatial and temporal characteristics of tularemia from 2000 to 2020 in the territory of Kazakhstan were studied in comparison with historical data, including the description of tularemia outbreaks, the clinical picture, and the source of infection, transmission factors, and geographical coordinates of outbreak registration. Sampling was carried out by trapping rodents on snap traps and collecting ticks by rodent combing and by "flagging" methods. For the last 20 years, 85 human cases of tularemia have been reported. During the period from 2000 to 2020, more than 600 strains of
were isolated from field rodents and ticks in the natural foci of tularemia. MLVA typing of
strains isolated from natural foci of tularemia in Kazakhstan over the past 20 years. The results of retrospective monitoring indicate that currently active foci of tularemia include the Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Almaty, East Kazakhstan, and Pavlodar regions. Low-activity natural foci are located in the territory of the Akmola, Karaganda, North Kazakhstan, Kostanay, Atyrau, Zhambyl, and Kyzylorda regions. There are no active natural foci of tularemia in the Mangystau and Turkestan regions. The widespread occurrence of tularemia in the country is associated with landscape and geographical features that contribute to the circulation of the pathogen in the natural focus. An analysis of natural foci of tularemia showed that it is necessary to continue monitoring studies of carriers and vectors for the presence of the causative agent of the
, in order to prevent mass cases of human disease. The wide distribution of tularemia in the territory of Kazakhstan is associated with landscape and geographical characteristics. This is explained by a combination of natural factors: the presence of certain types of rodents—reservoirs and sources, ectoparasites—carriers of the causative agent of tularemia. The study of the current spatial and temporal characterization of tularemia in Kazakhstan from 2000 to 2020 will determine the epidemiological status of tularemia and improve the monitoring system in Kazakhstan. In this work we demonstrated the results of a retrospective survey of natural foci of tularemia: analysis of vector, small mammal and human data. The spatial and temporal characteristics of tularemia from 2000 to 2020 in the territory of Kazakhstan were studied in comparison with historical data, including the description of tularemia outbreaks, the clinical picture, and the source of infection, transmission factors, and geographical coordinates of outbreak registration. Sampling was carried out by trapping rodents on snap traps and collecting ticks by rodent combing and by "flagging" methods. For the last 20 years, 85 human cases of tularemia have been reported. During the period from 2000 to 2020, more than 600 strains of F. tularensis were isolated from field rodents and ticks in the natural foci of tularemia. MLVA typing of F. tularensis strains isolated from natural foci of tularemia in Kazakhstan over the past 20 years. The results of retrospective monitoring indicate that currently active foci of tularemia include the Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Almaty, East Kazakhstan, and Pavlodar regions. Low-activity natural foci are located in the territory of the Akmola, Karaganda, North Kazakhstan, Kostanay, Atyrau, Zhambyl, and Kyzylorda regions. There are no active natural foci of tularemia in the Mangystau and Turkestan regions. The widespread occurrence of tularemia in the country is associated with landscape and geographical features that contribute to the circulation of the pathogen in the natural focus. An analysis of natural foci of tularemia showed that it is necessary to continue monitoring studies of carriers and vectors for the presence of the causative agent of the F. tularensis , in order to prevent mass cases of human disease. The wide distribution of tularemia in the territory of Kazakhstan is associated with landscape and geographical characteristics. This is explained by a combination of natural factors: the presence of certain types of rodents—reservoirs and sources, ectoparasites—carriers of the causative agent of tularemia. The study of the current spatial and temporal characterization of tularemia in Kazakhstan from 2000 to 2020 will determine the epidemiological status of tularemia and improve the monitoring system in Kazakhstan. In this work we demonstrated the results of a retrospective survey of natural foci of tularemia: analysis of vector, small mammal and human data. The spatial and temporal characteristics of tularemia from 2000 to 2020 in the territory of Kazakhstan were studied in comparison with historical data, including the description of tularemia outbreaks, the clinical picture, and the source of infection, transmission factors, and geographical coordinates of outbreak registration. Sampling was carried out by trapping rodents on snap traps and collecting ticks by rodent combing and by "flagging" methods. For the last 20 years, 85 human cases of tularemia have been reported. During the period from 2000 to 2020, more than 600 strains of F. tularensis were isolated from field rodents and ticks in the natural foci of tularemia. MLVA typing of F. tularensis strains isolated from natural foci of tularemia in Kazakhstan over the past 20 years. The results of retrospective monitoring indicate that currently active foci of tularemia include the Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Almaty, East Kazakhstan, and Pavlodar regions. Low-activity natural foci are located in the territory of the Akmola, Karaganda, North Kazakhstan, Kostanay, Atyrau, Zhambyl, and Kyzylorda regions. There are no active natural foci of tularemia in the Mangystau and Turkestan regions. The widespread occurrence of tularemia in the country is associated with landscape and geographical features that contribute to the circulation of the pathogen in the natural focus. An analysis of natural foci of tularemia showed that it is necessary to continue monitoring studies of carriers and vectors for the presence of the causative agent of the F. tularensis, in order to prevent mass cases of human disease. |
| Author | Baitursyn, B Shevtsov, A Turebekov, N Izbanova, U Lukhnova, L Zhumadilova, Z Meka-Mechenko, T Sadovskaya, V Tukhanova, N |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 National Center for Biotechnology , Astana , Kazakhstan 1 M.Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections , Almaty , Kazakhstan |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 M.Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections , Almaty , Kazakhstan – name: 2 National Center for Biotechnology , Astana , Kazakhstan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: U surname: Izbanova fullname: Izbanova, U organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 2 givenname: L surname: Lukhnova fullname: Lukhnova, L organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 3 givenname: V surname: Sadovskaya fullname: Sadovskaya, V organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 4 givenname: Z surname: Zhumadilova fullname: Zhumadilova, Z organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 5 givenname: T surname: Meka-Mechenko fullname: Meka-Mechenko, T organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 6 givenname: A surname: Shevtsov fullname: Shevtsov, A organization: National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan – sequence: 7 givenname: B surname: Baitursyn fullname: Baitursyn, B organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 8 givenname: N surname: Turebekov fullname: Turebekov, N organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 9 givenname: N surname: Tukhanova fullname: Tukhanova, N organization: M.Aikimbayev's National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1007/s00248-013-0285-14 10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.33.21209 10.3201/eid2007.130931 10.3201/eid1808.111826 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2000.tb00686.x 10.1038/163688a0 10.15789/2220-7619-TTW-1380 10.3109/23744235.2015.1049657 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009419 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02484.x 10.1007/s12223-020-00827-z 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00011 10.3390/microorganisms8091448 10.1111/1469-0691.12741 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2023.100116 10.1128/JB.186.17.5808-5818.2004 10.3201/eid2005.130654 |
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| Keywords | strain epizootic Republic of Kazakhstan tularemia monitoring natural foci |
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| References | Gyuranecz (B30) 2012; 18 Wang (B26) 2014; 20 Kunica (B7) 2014 Simpson (B17) 1949; 163 Forsman (B29) 2000; 31 Sludsky (B12) 1978 Thelaus (B28) 2014; 67 Ariza-Miguel (B25) 2014; 20 Vogler (B15) 2009; 48 (B14) 2007 Chimirov (B22) 2016 Sutyagin (B23) 2021; 1 Aikimbayev (B8) 1982 Koene (B27) 2019; 9 Appelt (B2) 2020; 8 Melnichenko (B20) 2016 Rossow (B31) 2015; 20 Bishop (B1) 2023; 3 Erdem (B4) 2014; 20 B11 Nefedova (B21) 2007; 1 Sissonen (B6) 2015; 47 Grazhdanov (B18) 2014 Yeni (B5) 2021; 66 Golov (B19) 1928; 7 Izbanova (B9) 2021; 3 Kuatbayeva (B24) 2023; 1 Kudryavtseva (B3) 2021; 11 Shevtsov (B16) 2021; 15 Johansson (B10) 2004; 186 Philippova (B13) 1977 |
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| Title | Characterization of tularemia foci in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2000 to 2020 |
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