An improved weather routing method based on non-uniform waypoint network
Maritime navigation safety is critical in case of frequent accidents caused by adverse weather. This paper proposes a novel ship weather routing (SWR) method to develop safer ocean navigation routes. First, a non-uniform waypoint network is generated through an improved Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA...
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| Published in | Ocean engineering Vol. 337; p. 121871 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Ltd
01.10.2025
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0029-8018 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.121871 |
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| Abstract | Maritime navigation safety is critical in case of frequent accidents caused by adverse weather. This paper proposes a novel ship weather routing (SWR) method to develop safer ocean navigation routes. First, a non-uniform waypoint network is generated through an improved Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA). Subsequently, a Non-Uniform A∗ (NUA∗) algorithm is proposed by using the non-uniform waypoint network as the search space. The algorithm considers navigational risks and time factors, while incorporating constraints based on the International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations. The non-uniform waypoint network features a higher density of nodes in higher-risk navigable areas, thereby providing enhanced routing options, and enabling the NUA∗ to generate safer routes. Moreover, sensitivity experiments are performed on key parameters to improve algorithm performance. Finally, NUA∗ is applied to a maritime accident case. The results show that NUA∗ effectively guides the ship to avoid risks. Compared with uniform networks, the non-uniform network shows 8.48 %–12.61 % fewer IMO violations with higher node utilization. The risk of NUA∗ route is reduced by 2.46 %–15.66 % compared to A∗ and BA∗, and the wave height in the areas traversed by NUA∗ route is decreased by 2.87 %–20.29 %. Therefore, NUA∗ can provide superior and safer route solutions.
•A non-uniform waypoint network is generated by an improved Sparrow Search Algorithm.•A Non-Uniform A∗ algorithm is proposed to develop safer ocean navigation routes.•The Non-Uniform A∗ can provide superior route solutions for ocean navigation. |
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| AbstractList | Maritime navigation safety is critical in case of frequent accidents caused by adverse weather. This paper proposes a novel ship weather routing (SWR) method to develop safer ocean navigation routes. First, a non-uniform waypoint network is generated through an improved Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA). Subsequently, a Non-Uniform A∗ (NUA∗) algorithm is proposed by using the non-uniform waypoint network as the search space. The algorithm considers navigational risks and time factors, while incorporating constraints based on the International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations. The non-uniform waypoint network features a higher density of nodes in higher-risk navigable areas, thereby providing enhanced routing options, and enabling the NUA∗ to generate safer routes. Moreover, sensitivity experiments are performed on key parameters to improve algorithm performance. Finally, NUA∗ is applied to a maritime accident case. The results show that NUA∗ effectively guides the ship to avoid risks. Compared with uniform networks, the non-uniform network shows 8.48 %–12.61 % fewer IMO violations with higher node utilization. The risk of NUA∗ route is reduced by 2.46 %–15.66 % compared to A∗ and BA∗, and the wave height in the areas traversed by NUA∗ route is decreased by 2.87 %–20.29 %. Therefore, NUA∗ can provide superior and safer route solutions.
•A non-uniform waypoint network is generated by an improved Sparrow Search Algorithm.•A Non-Uniform A∗ algorithm is proposed to develop safer ocean navigation routes.•The Non-Uniform A∗ can provide superior route solutions for ocean navigation. |
| ArticleNumber | 121871 |
| Author | Qian, Longxia Zhu, Tianhao Li, Dongyu Cao, Ran Hong, Mei |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ran surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Ran organization: School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Longxia orcidid: 0000-0003-3728-4572 surname: Qian fullname: Qian, Longxia email: qianlongxia@njupt.edu.cn organization: School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Mei surname: Hong fullname: Hong, Mei email: flowerrainhm@126.com organization: College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Dongyu surname: Li fullname: Li, Dongyu organization: School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Tianhao surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Tianhao organization: School of Economics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China |
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| Keywords | Risk avoidance Non-uniform A Non-uniform waypoint network Ship weather routing (SWR) |
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| Title | An improved weather routing method based on non-uniform waypoint network |
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