Multifunctional PVC/PMMA/MgO Nanocomposites: A Study of Free Volume, Optical Behavior, and Radiation Shielding Performance

ABSTRACT Using the solution casting method, polymeric nanocomposite films were created using a 1:1 weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate, reinforced with different amounts of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt%). X‐ray diffraction examination veri...

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Published inPolymers for advanced technologies Vol. 36; no. 7
Main Authors Mohammed, M. I., Ashry, A., Ismail, A. M., Ibrahim, Magii M., Abdel‐Hady, Esam E., Awad, Somia
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.07.2025
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects
Attenuation coefficients
Fourier transforms
free volume
Functional groups
Functional materials
Infrared spectroscopy
Magnesium oxide
Nanocomposites
Nanoparticles
Optical measurement
optical properties
Optoelectronic devices
polymer nanocomposites
Polymethyl methacrylate
Polyvinyl chloride
Positron annihilation
positron annihilation lifetime
Positronium
Radiation
Radiation shielding
Refractivity
Spectrum analysis
Superconductors (materials)
Surface roughness
γ‐rays attenuation
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1042-7147
1099-1581
DOI10.1002/pat.70270

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Abstract ABSTRACT Using the solution casting method, polymeric nanocomposite films were created using a 1:1 weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate, reinforced with different amounts of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt%). X‐ray diffraction examination verified that the produced nanocomposites had an amorphous structure. Despite noticeable aggregation and surface roughness, the MgO nanoparticles' primarily spherical morphology and well‐ordered nanocrystalline domains were revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the MgO nanofillers and the polymer matrix interacted effectively. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy showed that as the MgO content increased, the free volume (Vf) and ortho‐positronium pick‐off lifetime (τ3) decreased. This was explained by void filling caused by nanoparticles, a decrease in the local free volume due to particle size, and the impact of polar functional groups in the matrix. As the concentration of nanoparticles increased, optical measurements showed that the optical band gap (Egap) decreased from 4.09 to 3.40 eV for direct transitions and from 3.69 to 3.00 eV for indirect transitions. Furthermore, at 15 wt% MgO, the Urbach energy (Eu) rose significantly from 0.23 eV (unfilled blend) to 1.04 eV, along with a rise in the refractive index. Higher MgO loading resulted in a considerable improvement in gamma shielding performance, as evidenced by better mass attenuation coefficients, linear attenuation coefficients, and lower half‐value layer values. Urbach energy and free volume characteristics were found to be correlated. Overall, the PVC/PMMA/MgO nanocomposites exhibit favorable characteristics for potential applications in radiation shielding, optoelectronic devices, and other advanced functional materials.
AbstractList Using the solution casting method, polymeric nanocomposite films were created using a 1:1 weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate, reinforced with different amounts of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt%). X‐ray diffraction examination verified that the produced nanocomposites had an amorphous structure. Despite noticeable aggregation and surface roughness, the MgO nanoparticles' primarily spherical morphology and well‐ordered nanocrystalline domains were revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the MgO nanofillers and the polymer matrix interacted effectively. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy showed that as the MgO content increased, the free volume (Vf) and ortho‐positronium pick‐off lifetime (τ3) decreased. This was explained by void filling caused by nanoparticles, a decrease in the local free volume due to particle size, and the impact of polar functional groups in the matrix. As the concentration of nanoparticles increased, optical measurements showed that the optical band gap (Egap) decreased from 4.09 to 3.40 eV for direct transitions and from 3.69 to 3.00 eV for indirect transitions. Furthermore, at 15 wt% MgO, the Urbach energy (Eu) rose significantly from 0.23 eV (unfilled blend) to 1.04 eV, along with a rise in the refractive index. Higher MgO loading resulted in a considerable improvement in gamma shielding performance, as evidenced by better mass attenuation coefficients, linear attenuation coefficients, and lower half‐value layer values. Urbach energy and free volume characteristics were found to be correlated. Overall, the PVC/PMMA/MgO nanocomposites exhibit favorable characteristics for potential applications in radiation shielding, optoelectronic devices, and other advanced functional materials.
Using the solution casting method, polymeric nanocomposite films were created using a 1:1 weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate, reinforced with different amounts of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt%). X‐ray diffraction examination verified that the produced nanocomposites had an amorphous structure. Despite noticeable aggregation and surface roughness, the MgO nanoparticles' primarily spherical morphology and well‐ordered nanocrystalline domains were revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the MgO nanofillers and the polymer matrix interacted effectively. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy showed that as the MgO content increased, the free volume ( V f ) and ortho‐positronium pick‐off lifetime ( τ 3 ) decreased. This was explained by void filling caused by nanoparticles, a decrease in the local free volume due to particle size, and the impact of polar functional groups in the matrix. As the concentration of nanoparticles increased, optical measurements showed that the optical band gap ( E gap ) decreased from 4.09 to 3.40 eV for direct transitions and from 3.69 to 3.00 eV for indirect transitions. Furthermore, at 15 wt% MgO, the Urbach energy ( E u ) rose significantly from 0.23 eV (unfilled blend) to 1.04 eV, along with a rise in the refractive index. Higher MgO loading resulted in a considerable improvement in gamma shielding performance, as evidenced by better mass attenuation coefficients, linear attenuation coefficients, and lower half‐value layer values. Urbach energy and free volume characteristics were found to be correlated. Overall, the PVC/PMMA/MgO nanocomposites exhibit favorable characteristics for potential applications in radiation shielding, optoelectronic devices, and other advanced functional materials.
ABSTRACT Using the solution casting method, polymeric nanocomposite films were created using a 1:1 weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate, reinforced with different amounts of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt%). X‐ray diffraction examination verified that the produced nanocomposites had an amorphous structure. Despite noticeable aggregation and surface roughness, the MgO nanoparticles' primarily spherical morphology and well‐ordered nanocrystalline domains were revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the MgO nanofillers and the polymer matrix interacted effectively. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy showed that as the MgO content increased, the free volume (Vf) and ortho‐positronium pick‐off lifetime (τ3) decreased. This was explained by void filling caused by nanoparticles, a decrease in the local free volume due to particle size, and the impact of polar functional groups in the matrix. As the concentration of nanoparticles increased, optical measurements showed that the optical band gap (Egap) decreased from 4.09 to 3.40 eV for direct transitions and from 3.69 to 3.00 eV for indirect transitions. Furthermore, at 15 wt% MgO, the Urbach energy (Eu) rose significantly from 0.23 eV (unfilled blend) to 1.04 eV, along with a rise in the refractive index. Higher MgO loading resulted in a considerable improvement in gamma shielding performance, as evidenced by better mass attenuation coefficients, linear attenuation coefficients, and lower half‐value layer values. Urbach energy and free volume characteristics were found to be correlated. Overall, the PVC/PMMA/MgO nanocomposites exhibit favorable characteristics for potential applications in radiation shielding, optoelectronic devices, and other advanced functional materials.
Author Mohammed, M. I.
Abdel‐Hady, Esam E.
Ismail, A. M.
Ibrahim, Magii M.
Ashry, A.
Awad, Somia
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Snippet ABSTRACT Using the solution casting method, polymeric nanocomposite films were created using a 1:1 weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl...
Using the solution casting method, polymeric nanocomposite films were created using a 1:1 weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate,...
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SubjectTerms Attenuation coefficients
Fourier transforms
free volume
Functional groups
Functional materials
Infrared spectroscopy
Magnesium oxide
Nanocomposites
Nanoparticles
Optical measurement
optical properties
Optoelectronic devices
polymer nanocomposites
Polymethyl methacrylate
Polyvinyl chloride
Positron annihilation
positron annihilation lifetime
Positronium
Radiation
Radiation shielding
Refractivity
Spectrum analysis
Superconductors (materials)
Surface roughness
γ‐rays attenuation
Title Multifunctional PVC/PMMA/MgO Nanocomposites: A Study of Free Volume, Optical Behavior, and Radiation Shielding Performance
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fpat.70270
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3234154188
Volume 36
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