Review of the Design and Operation Criteria of a DC Submerged Arc Discharge Carbon Nanostructure Synthesis Installation

The submerged arc discharge (SAD) allows the production of high-quality carbon nanostructures. The SAD method uses simple and inexpensive equipment. However, the carbon nanostructures obtained contain contaminants that are difficult to remove. The study of the published articles shows that reporting...

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Published inJournal of nanomaterials Vol. 2024; pp. 1 - 14
Main Authors Hernandez-Tabares, Lorenzo, Chao-Mujica, Frank J., Darias-Gonzalez, Juan G., Ledo Pereda, Luis M., Antuch, Manuel, Carrillo-Barroso, Ernesto, Chong-Quero, J. Enrique, Desdin-Garcia, Luis F.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Hindawi 2024
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Subjects
Arc discharges
Carbon
Chemical elements
Contaminants
Criteria
Data acquisition
Design optimization
Design parameters
Electric arcs
Electrodes
Electrostatic discharges
Industrial production
Methods
Micropositioning
Nanomaterials
Nanostructure
Parameter sensitivity
Reactor design
State-of-the-art reviews
Synthesis
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1687-4110
1687-4129
DOI10.1155/2024/9949667

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Abstract The submerged arc discharge (SAD) allows the production of high-quality carbon nanostructures. The SAD method uses simple and inexpensive equipment. However, the carbon nanostructures obtained contain contaminants that are difficult to remove. The study of the published articles shows that reporting similar operating parameters informs quite different results. Reducing the generation of pollutants requires optimization of the design and the operation of installations. Nevertheless, the study of the state-of-the-art indicates that this aspect has been underestimated, which is manifested in the absence of publications on this subject. On the other hand, the increase in the production scale causes new problems that are not manifested in small-volume productions that are carried out in a research laboratory. The present work aims to analyze the SAD installation design and operation criteria to reduce the presence of contaminants. This study indicated that the key elements of the design and the operation are the electrodes alignment, feeding and attachment mechanisms, the electrode micropositioning system, the synthesis reactor design, the sensitive parameters control, the data acquisition system, and the selection of the liquid medium. Herein, these elements are analyzed and the best strategies for their design and operation are exposed. Those aspects relevant to scaling up of production are emphasized.
AbstractList The submerged arc discharge (SAD) allows the production of high-quality carbon nanostructures. The SAD method uses simple and inexpensive equipment. However, the carbon nanostructures obtained contain contaminants that are difficult to remove. The study of the published articles shows that reporting similar operating parameters informs quite different results. Reducing the generation of pollutants requires optimization of the design and the operation of installations. Nevertheless, the study of the state-of-the-art indicates that this aspect has been underestimated, which is manifested in the absence of publications on this subject. On the other hand, the increase in the production scale causes new problems that are not manifested in small-volume productions that are carried out in a research laboratory. The present work aims to analyze the SAD installation design and operation criteria to reduce the presence of contaminants. This study indicated that the key elements of the design and the operation are the electrodes alignment, feeding and attachment mechanisms, the electrode micropositioning system, the synthesis reactor design, the sensitive parameters control, the data acquisition system, and the selection of the liquid medium. Herein, these elements are analyzed and the best strategies for their design and operation are exposed. Those aspects relevant to scaling up of production are emphasized.
Author Carrillo-Barroso, Ernesto
Desdin-Garcia, Luis F.
Hernandez-Tabares, Lorenzo
Chao-Mujica, Frank J.
Antuch, Manuel
Ledo Pereda, Luis M.
Chong-Quero, J. Enrique
Darias-Gonzalez, Juan G.
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Copyright Copyright © 2024 Lorenzo Hernandez-Tabares et al.
Copyright © 2024 Lorenzo Hernandez-Tabares et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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Snippet The submerged arc discharge (SAD) allows the production of high-quality carbon nanostructures. The SAD method uses simple and inexpensive equipment. However,...
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SubjectTerms Arc discharges
Carbon
Chemical elements
Contaminants
Criteria
Data acquisition
Design optimization
Design parameters
Electric arcs
Electrodes
Electrostatic discharges
Industrial production
Methods
Micropositioning
Nanomaterials
Nanostructure
Parameter sensitivity
Reactor design
State-of-the-art reviews
Synthesis
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Title Review of the Design and Operation Criteria of a DC Submerged Arc Discharge Carbon Nanostructure Synthesis Installation
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