Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy fabricated by CMT-wire arc additive manufacturing
The high-performance additive manufacturing of relatively small aluminum alloy components has been widely proven successful. However, wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has always been challenging in achieving uniform microstructure and high mechanical properties when manufacturing large-sized p...
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Published in | Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing Vol. 898; p. 146395 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.04.2024
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Abstract | The high-performance additive manufacturing of relatively small aluminum alloy components has been widely proven successful. However, wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has always been challenging in achieving uniform microstructure and high mechanical properties when manufacturing large-sized parts. Therefore, this study used cold metal transition wire arc additive manufacturing (CMT-WAAM) to prepare Al-5.49Cu-0.4Mn-0.29Cd (ACMC) alloy to obtain a uniform microstructure and improve its mechanical properties. The results show that the as-deposited (AD) samples have an obvious layered deposited structure. The grains in the microstructure are all equiaxed crystals and a large amount of copper-rich eutectic phase precipitates at the grain boundaries. After heat treatment, the vast majority of the eutectic phase dissolves, and θ'phase, with a size of 100–200 nm, uniformly precipitates in the α-Al matrix. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) of the heat-treated (HT) specimen can reach 483.7 MPa and 412.3 MPa, respectively. There is no significant difference in the mechanical properties between the transverse and longitudinal directions of thin-walled samples. Based on experimental results and theoretical analysis, the strengthening mechanism and fracture mechanism of CMT-WAAM aluminum alloy were revealed. This work provides a theoretical basis for the microstructure optimization and mechanical performance improvement of ACMC alloy, which is of great significance for the high-performance preparation of large-sized components in the aerospace field.
•The microstructure consisting of equiaxed grains was obtained.•Al3(Zr, Ti) hindered the change of grain size after heat treatment.•The ultimate tensile strength after heat treatment reached 483.7 MPa.•The strengthening mechanism of Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy was revealed.•The fracture mechanism of Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy was analyzed. |
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AbstractList | The high-performance additive manufacturing of relatively small aluminum alloy components has been widely proven successful. However, wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has always been challenging in achieving uniform microstructure and high mechanical properties when manufacturing large-sized parts. Therefore, this study used cold metal transition wire arc additive manufacturing (CMT-WAAM) to prepare Al-5.49Cu-0.4Mn-0.29Cd (ACMC) alloy to obtain a uniform microstructure and improve its mechanical properties. The results show that the as-deposited (AD) samples have an obvious layered deposited structure. The grains in the microstructure are all equiaxed crystals and a large amount of copper-rich eutectic phase precipitates at the grain boundaries. After heat treatment, the vast majority of the eutectic phase dissolves, and θ'phase, with a size of 100–200 nm, uniformly precipitates in the α-Al matrix. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) of the heat-treated (HT) specimen can reach 483.7 MPa and 412.3 MPa, respectively. There is no significant difference in the mechanical properties between the transverse and longitudinal directions of thin-walled samples. Based on experimental results and theoretical analysis, the strengthening mechanism and fracture mechanism of CMT-WAAM aluminum alloy were revealed. This work provides a theoretical basis for the microstructure optimization and mechanical performance improvement of ACMC alloy, which is of great significance for the high-performance preparation of large-sized components in the aerospace field.
•The microstructure consisting of equiaxed grains was obtained.•Al3(Zr, Ti) hindered the change of grain size after heat treatment.•The ultimate tensile strength after heat treatment reached 483.7 MPa.•The strengthening mechanism of Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy was revealed.•The fracture mechanism of Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy was analyzed. |
ArticleNumber | 146395 |
Author | Yang, Tianbao Li, Kun Li, Benxiang Cao, Yang Tian, Zhiling Zhu, Liang Ma, Chengyong Zhao, Lin Ji, Chen Hou, Xuru |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kun orcidid: 0000-0001-9100-0302 surname: Li fullname: Li, Kun email: kun.li@cqu.edu.cn organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Tianbao orcidid: 0009-0004-6863-7750 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Tianbao organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Xuru surname: Hou fullname: Hou, Xuru organization: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing, 100081, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Chen surname: Ji fullname: Ji, Chen organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Liang orcidid: 0000-0002-1865-0269 surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Liang organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Benxiang surname: Li fullname: Li, Benxiang organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Yang surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Yang organization: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing, 100081, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Lin surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Lin email: hhnds@aliyun.com organization: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing, 100081, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Chengyong surname: Ma fullname: Ma, Chengyong organization: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing, 100081, China – sequence: 10 givenname: Zhiling surname: Tian fullname: Tian, Zhiling organization: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing, 100081, China |
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Keywords | Mechanical properties Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy Cold metal transfer Wire arc additive manufacturing Microstructure evolution |
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SubjectTerms | Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy Cold metal transfer Mechanical properties Microstructure evolution Wire arc additive manufacturing |
Title | Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Mn–Cd alloy fabricated by CMT-wire arc additive manufacturing |
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