Cancer in people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or gender‐nonconforming

Background Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk. Methods In the absence of population‐based cancer occurrence information for this populat...

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Published inCancer Vol. 130; no. 17; pp. 2948 - 2967
Main Authors Kratzer, Tyler B., Star, Jessica, Minihan, Adair K., Bandi, Priti, Scout, N. F. N., Gary, Monique, Riddle‐Jones, Latonya, Giaquinto, Angela N., Islami, Farhad, Jemal, Ahmedin, Siegel, Rebecca L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.09.2024
Subjects
Adolescent
Adult
Adults
Alcoholic beverages
Bisexuality
Body weight
Cancer
Cancer screening
Cigarettes
Cisgender
Colorectal carcinoma
Early Detection of Cancer - statistics & numerical data
Female
Gays & lesbians
Gender
Gender aspects
Gender identity
health care disparities
health correlates
Health risks
Heterosexuality
Humans
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+)
LGBTQ people
Literature reviews
Male
Medical screening
Middle Aged
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Obesity
Physical activity
physiological stress
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Risk taking
Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data
Sexual behavior
Smoke
Smoking
Smoking - epidemiology
Surveillance
Surveillance systems
Surveys
Tobacco
Transgender persons
Vaccination
Women
Young Adult
health care disparities
cancer screening
health correlates
physiological stress
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+)
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Abstract Background Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk. Methods In the absence of population‐based cancer occurrence information for this population, this article comprehensively examines contemporary, age‐adjusted cancer risk factor and screening prevalence using data from the National Health Interview Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and National Youth Tobacco Survey, and provides a literature review of cancer incidence and barriers to care. Results Lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults are more likely to smoke cigarettes than heterosexual adults (16% compared to 12% in 2021–2022), with the largest disparity among bisexual women. For example, 34% of bisexual women aged 40–49 years and 24% of those 50 and older smoke compared to 12% and 11%, respectively, of heterosexual women. Smoking is also elevated among youth who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (4%) or transgender (5%) compared to heterosexual or cisgender (1%). Excess body weight is elevated among lesbian and bisexual women (68% vs. 61% among heterosexual women), largely due to higher obesity prevalence among bisexual women (43% vs. 38% among lesbian women and 33% among heterosexual women). Bisexual women also have a higher prevalence of no leisure‐time physical activity (35% vs. 28% among heterosexual women), as do transgender individuals (30%–31% vs. 21%–25% among cisgender individuals). Heavier alcohol intake among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals is confined to bisexual women, with 14% consuming more than 7 drinks/week versus 6% of heterosexual women. In contrast, prevalence of cancer screening and risk reducing vaccinations in LGBTQ+ individuals is similar to or higher than their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts except for lower cervical and colorectal cancer screening among transgender men. Conclusions People within the LGBTQ+ population have a higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol consumption compared to heterosexual and cisgender people, suggesting a higher cancer burden. Health systems have an opportunity to help inform these disparities through the routine collection of information on sexual orientation and gender identity to facilitate cancer surveillance and to mitigate them through education to increase awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs. Minority stress and health care discrimination experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) individuals can influence cancer occurrence and outcomes. The authors investigated prevalence and disparities in major cancer risk factors and screening by sexual orientation and gender identity and conducted a literature review describing health care challenges faced by LGBTQ+ communities and opportunities for improvement.
AbstractList BackgroundIndividuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk.MethodsIn the absence of population‐based cancer occurrence information for this population, this article comprehensively examines contemporary, age‐adjusted cancer risk factor and screening prevalence using data from the National Health Interview Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and National Youth Tobacco Survey, and provides a literature review of cancer incidence and barriers to care.ResultsLesbian, gay, and bisexual adults are more likely to smoke cigarettes than heterosexual adults (16% compared to 12% in 2021–2022), with the largest disparity among bisexual women. For example, 34% of bisexual women aged 40–49 years and 24% of those 50 and older smoke compared to 12% and 11%, respectively, of heterosexual women. Smoking is also elevated among youth who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (4%) or transgender (5%) compared to heterosexual or cisgender (1%). Excess body weight is elevated among lesbian and bisexual women (68% vs. 61% among heterosexual women), largely due to higher obesity prevalence among bisexual women (43% vs. 38% among lesbian women and 33% among heterosexual women). Bisexual women also have a higher prevalence of no leisure‐time physical activity (35% vs. 28% among heterosexual women), as do transgender individuals (30%–31% vs. 21%–25% among cisgender individuals). Heavier alcohol intake among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals is confined to bisexual women, with 14% consuming more than 7 drinks/week versus 6% of heterosexual women. In contrast, prevalence of cancer screening and risk reducing vaccinations in LGBTQ+ individuals is similar to or higher than their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts except for lower cervical and colorectal cancer screening among transgender men.ConclusionsPeople within the LGBTQ+ population have a higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol consumption compared to heterosexual and cisgender people, suggesting a higher cancer burden. Health systems have an opportunity to help inform these disparities through the routine collection of information on sexual orientation and gender identity to facilitate cancer surveillance and to mitigate them through education to increase awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs.
Background Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk. Methods In the absence of population‐based cancer occurrence information for this population, this article comprehensively examines contemporary, age‐adjusted cancer risk factor and screening prevalence using data from the National Health Interview Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and National Youth Tobacco Survey, and provides a literature review of cancer incidence and barriers to care. Results Lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults are more likely to smoke cigarettes than heterosexual adults (16% compared to 12% in 2021–2022), with the largest disparity among bisexual women. For example, 34% of bisexual women aged 40–49 years and 24% of those 50 and older smoke compared to 12% and 11%, respectively, of heterosexual women. Smoking is also elevated among youth who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (4%) or transgender (5%) compared to heterosexual or cisgender (1%). Excess body weight is elevated among lesbian and bisexual women (68% vs. 61% among heterosexual women), largely due to higher obesity prevalence among bisexual women (43% vs. 38% among lesbian women and 33% among heterosexual women). Bisexual women also have a higher prevalence of no leisure‐time physical activity (35% vs. 28% among heterosexual women), as do transgender individuals (30%–31% vs. 21%–25% among cisgender individuals). Heavier alcohol intake among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals is confined to bisexual women, with 14% consuming more than 7 drinks/week versus 6% of heterosexual women. In contrast, prevalence of cancer screening and risk reducing vaccinations in LGBTQ+ individuals is similar to or higher than their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts except for lower cervical and colorectal cancer screening among transgender men. Conclusions People within the LGBTQ+ population have a higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol consumption compared to heterosexual and cisgender people, suggesting a higher cancer burden. Health systems have an opportunity to help inform these disparities through the routine collection of information on sexual orientation and gender identity to facilitate cancer surveillance and to mitigate them through education to increase awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs. Minority stress and health care discrimination experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) individuals can influence cancer occurrence and outcomes. The authors investigated prevalence and disparities in major cancer risk factors and screening by sexual orientation and gender identity and conducted a literature review describing health care challenges faced by LGBTQ+ communities and opportunities for improvement.
Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender-nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk. In the absence of population-based cancer occurrence information for this population, this article comprehensively examines contemporary, age-adjusted cancer risk factor and screening prevalence using data from the National Health Interview Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and National Youth Tobacco Survey, and provides a literature review of cancer incidence and barriers to care. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults are more likely to smoke cigarettes than heterosexual adults (16% compared to 12% in 2021-2022), with the largest disparity among bisexual women. For example, 34% of bisexual women aged 40-49 years and 24% of those 50 and older smoke compared to 12% and 11%, respectively, of heterosexual women. Smoking is also elevated among youth who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (4%) or transgender (5%) compared to heterosexual or cisgender (1%). Excess body weight is elevated among lesbian and bisexual women (68% vs. 61% among heterosexual women), largely due to higher obesity prevalence among bisexual women (43% vs. 38% among lesbian women and 33% among heterosexual women). Bisexual women also have a higher prevalence of no leisure-time physical activity (35% vs. 28% among heterosexual women), as do transgender individuals (30%-31% vs. 21%-25% among cisgender individuals). Heavier alcohol intake among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals is confined to bisexual women, with 14% consuming more than 7 drinks/week versus 6% of heterosexual women. In contrast, prevalence of cancer screening and risk reducing vaccinations in LGBTQ+ individuals is similar to or higher than their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts except for lower cervical and colorectal cancer screening among transgender men. People within the LGBTQ+ population have a higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol consumption compared to heterosexual and cisgender people, suggesting a higher cancer burden. Health systems have an opportunity to help inform these disparities through the routine collection of information on sexual orientation and gender identity to facilitate cancer surveillance and to mitigate them through education to increase awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs.
Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender-nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk.BACKGROUNDIndividuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender-nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk.In the absence of population-based cancer occurrence information for this population, this article comprehensively examines contemporary, age-adjusted cancer risk factor and screening prevalence using data from the National Health Interview Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and National Youth Tobacco Survey, and provides a literature review of cancer incidence and barriers to care.METHODSIn the absence of population-based cancer occurrence information for this population, this article comprehensively examines contemporary, age-adjusted cancer risk factor and screening prevalence using data from the National Health Interview Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and National Youth Tobacco Survey, and provides a literature review of cancer incidence and barriers to care.Lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults are more likely to smoke cigarettes than heterosexual adults (16% compared to 12% in 2021-2022), with the largest disparity among bisexual women. For example, 34% of bisexual women aged 40-49 years and 24% of those 50 and older smoke compared to 12% and 11%, respectively, of heterosexual women. Smoking is also elevated among youth who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (4%) or transgender (5%) compared to heterosexual or cisgender (1%). Excess body weight is elevated among lesbian and bisexual women (68% vs. 61% among heterosexual women), largely due to higher obesity prevalence among bisexual women (43% vs. 38% among lesbian women and 33% among heterosexual women). Bisexual women also have a higher prevalence of no leisure-time physical activity (35% vs. 28% among heterosexual women), as do transgender individuals (30%-31% vs. 21%-25% among cisgender individuals). Heavier alcohol intake among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals is confined to bisexual women, with 14% consuming more than 7 drinks/week versus 6% of heterosexual women. In contrast, prevalence of cancer screening and risk reducing vaccinations in LGBTQ+ individuals is similar to or higher than their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts except for lower cervical and colorectal cancer screening among transgender men.RESULTSLesbian, gay, and bisexual adults are more likely to smoke cigarettes than heterosexual adults (16% compared to 12% in 2021-2022), with the largest disparity among bisexual women. For example, 34% of bisexual women aged 40-49 years and 24% of those 50 and older smoke compared to 12% and 11%, respectively, of heterosexual women. Smoking is also elevated among youth who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (4%) or transgender (5%) compared to heterosexual or cisgender (1%). Excess body weight is elevated among lesbian and bisexual women (68% vs. 61% among heterosexual women), largely due to higher obesity prevalence among bisexual women (43% vs. 38% among lesbian women and 33% among heterosexual women). Bisexual women also have a higher prevalence of no leisure-time physical activity (35% vs. 28% among heterosexual women), as do transgender individuals (30%-31% vs. 21%-25% among cisgender individuals). Heavier alcohol intake among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals is confined to bisexual women, with 14% consuming more than 7 drinks/week versus 6% of heterosexual women. In contrast, prevalence of cancer screening and risk reducing vaccinations in LGBTQ+ individuals is similar to or higher than their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts except for lower cervical and colorectal cancer screening among transgender men.People within the LGBTQ+ population have a higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol consumption compared to heterosexual and cisgender people, suggesting a higher cancer burden. Health systems have an opportunity to help inform these disparities through the routine collection of information on sexual orientation and gender identity to facilitate cancer surveillance and to mitigate them through education to increase awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs.CONCLUSIONSPeople within the LGBTQ+ population have a higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol consumption compared to heterosexual and cisgender people, suggesting a higher cancer burden. Health systems have an opportunity to help inform these disparities through the routine collection of information on sexual orientation and gender identity to facilitate cancer surveillance and to mitigate them through education to increase awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs.
Minority stress and health care discrimination experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) individuals can influence cancer occurrence and outcomes. The authors investigated prevalence and disparities in major cancer risk factors and screening by sexual orientation and gender identity and conducted a literature review describing health care challenges faced by LGBTQ+ communities and opportunities for improvement.
Author Giaquinto, Angela N.
Jemal, Ahmedin
Kratzer, Tyler B.
Scout, N. F. N.
Islami, Farhad
Bandi, Priti
Star, Jessica
Gary, Monique
Siegel, Rebecca L.
Minihan, Adair K.
Riddle‐Jones, Latonya
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  organization: American Cancer Society
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  givenname: Jessica
  surname: Star
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  organization: American Cancer Society
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  organization: American Cancer Society
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  organization: American Cancer Society
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  organization: National LGBT Cancer Network
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  organization: Dartmouth College
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  organization: Wayne State University
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  givenname: Angela N.
  surname: Giaquinto
  fullname: Giaquinto, Angela N.
  organization: American Cancer Society
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-7357-5994
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  organization: American Cancer Society
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  organization: American Cancer Society
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  givenname: Rebecca L.
  surname: Siegel
  fullname: Siegel, Rebecca L.
  organization: American Cancer Society
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Thu Oct 10 22:03:54 EDT 2024
Fri Dec 06 08:44:02 EST 2024
Sat Nov 02 12:27:57 EDT 2024
Sat Aug 24 00:55:00 EDT 2024
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Issue 17
Keywords health care disparities
cancer screening
health correlates
physiological stress
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+)
Language English
License 2024 American Cancer Society.
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Snippet Background Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and...
Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender-nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority...
Minority stress and health care discrimination experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) individuals can...
BackgroundIndividuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Adults
Alcoholic beverages
Bisexuality
Body weight
Cancer
Cancer screening
Cigarettes
Cisgender
Colorectal carcinoma
Early Detection of Cancer - statistics & numerical data
Female
Gays & lesbians
Gender
Gender aspects
Gender identity
health care disparities
health correlates
Health risks
Heterosexuality
Humans
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+)
LGBTQ people
Literature reviews
Male
Medical screening
Middle Aged
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Obesity
Physical activity
physiological stress
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Risk taking
Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data
Sexual behavior
Smoke
Smoking
Smoking - epidemiology
Surveillance
Surveillance systems
Surveys
Tobacco
Transgender persons
Vaccination
Women
Young Adult
Title Cancer in people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or gender‐nonconforming
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fcncr.35355
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38818898
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3090724874
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3063465455
Volume 130
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