Study on the effect of the addition of bulk and exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride on the dry sliding behavior of a commercial friction material formulation through pin on disc and subscale dynamometer analysis
A novel analysis was conducted on the friction and wear properties of a commercial friction material formulation with the addition of bulk (named: gCN) and exfoliated (named: TEX6) graphitic carbon nitride in varying quantities: 4.5, 9, 13.5, and 18 wt%. The analysis was two-fold. In the first part,...
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Published in | Tribology international Vol. 179; p. 108152 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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01.01.2023
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Abstract | A novel analysis was conducted on the friction and wear properties of a commercial friction material formulation with the addition of bulk (named: gCN) and exfoliated (named: TEX6) graphitic carbon nitride in varying quantities: 4.5, 9, 13.5, and 18 wt%. The analysis was two-fold. In the first part, the samples were tested in the form of pins on a pin on disc testing equipment. The typical trend was that the friction coefficient magnitude increased with the addition of gCN. On the other hand, the friction coefficient decreased with the TEX6 addition. The pin wear reduced with the addition of gCN until 9 wt%. Beyond this amount, an increase in pin wear was observed. The TEX6 samples generally noted a decrease in pin wear with the increase in its content. An improvement in the characteristics of the secondary plateaus was seen with the increase in both gCN and TEX6 content. Through this study, the 13.5 wt% addition of both gCN and TEX6 was considered to display permissible friction and wear magnitude, and desirable extension and compaction of secondary contact plateaus. In the second part of the study, the formulation with 13.5 wt% of gCN and TEX6 was tested on a subscale dynamometer to replicate a real-life braking scenario. The friction and wear magnitudes were similar to the pin on disc study and the extension of the secondary contact plateaus was better than the virgin formulation. This study provides a complete analysis of the feasibility of the inclusion of g-C3N4 variations in automotive braking applications.
•Wear analysis on two kinds of gCN in a friction material formulation was conducted.•Bulk gCN behaved as an abrasive and exfoliated gCN behaved as a lubricant.•The most feasible gCN and TEX6 addition was 13.5 wt% in the CFM formulation.•The pin on disc and subscale dynamometer tests fetched similar, desirable results. |
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AbstractList | A novel analysis was conducted on the friction and wear properties of a commercial friction material formulation with the addition of bulk (named: gCN) and exfoliated (named: TEX6) graphitic carbon nitride in varying quantities: 4.5, 9, 13.5, and 18 wt%. The analysis was two-fold. In the first part, the samples were tested in the form of pins on a pin on disc testing equipment. The typical trend was that the friction coefficient magnitude increased with the addition of gCN. On the other hand, the friction coefficient decreased with the TEX6 addition. The pin wear reduced with the addition of gCN until 9 wt%. Beyond this amount, an increase in pin wear was observed. The TEX6 samples generally noted a decrease in pin wear with the increase in its content. An improvement in the characteristics of the secondary plateaus was seen with the increase in both gCN and TEX6 content. Through this study, the 13.5 wt% addition of both gCN and TEX6 was considered to display permissible friction and wear magnitude, and desirable extension and compaction of secondary contact plateaus. In the second part of the study, the formulation with 13.5 wt% of gCN and TEX6 was tested on a subscale dynamometer to replicate a real-life braking scenario. The friction and wear magnitudes were similar to the pin on disc study and the extension of the secondary contact plateaus was better than the virgin formulation. This study provides a complete analysis of the feasibility of the inclusion of g-C3N4 variations in automotive braking applications.
•Wear analysis on two kinds of gCN in a friction material formulation was conducted.•Bulk gCN behaved as an abrasive and exfoliated gCN behaved as a lubricant.•The most feasible gCN and TEX6 addition was 13.5 wt% in the CFM formulation.•The pin on disc and subscale dynamometer tests fetched similar, desirable results. |
ArticleNumber | 108152 |
Author | Straffelini, Giovanni Jayashree, Priyadarshini Foniok, Kryštof Matějka, Vlastimil Candeo, Stefano Leonardi, Mara |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Priyadarshini surname: Jayashree fullname: Jayashree, Priyadarshini email: priyadarshini.jayashree@unitn.it organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, Trento, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Stefano surname: Candeo fullname: Candeo, Stefano organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, Trento, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Vlastimil surname: Matějka fullname: Matějka, Vlastimil organization: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 708 33, Czech Republic – sequence: 4 givenname: Kryštof surname: Foniok fullname: Foniok, Kryštof organization: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 708 33, Czech Republic – sequence: 5 givenname: Mara surname: Leonardi fullname: Leonardi, Mara organization: Brembo S.p.A., Stezzano, Bergamo, Italy – sequence: 6 givenname: Giovanni surname: Straffelini fullname: Straffelini, Giovanni organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, Trento, Italy |
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Title | Study on the effect of the addition of bulk and exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride on the dry sliding behavior of a commercial friction material formulation through pin on disc and subscale dynamometer analysis |
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