The Role of Salivary IgA Antibody against Periodontopathic Bacteria
There are few reports describing the role of the secretory immune system against periodontopathic bacteria in periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of salivary IgA antibody against periodontopathic bacteria. Peripheral blood and unstimulated saliva were collected fro...
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| Published in | Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology) Vol. 38; no. 3; pp. 330 - 338 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF PERIODONTOLOGY
1996
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0385-0110 1880-408X |
| DOI | 10.2329/perio.38.330 |
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| Abstract | There are few reports describing the role of the secretory immune system against periodontopathic bacteria in periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of salivary IgA antibody against periodontopathic bacteria. Peripheral blood and unstimulated saliva were collected from the 25 adult periodontitis patients and 10 healthy volunteers. Total IgA antibody, total secretory IgA antibody, and IgA antibody specific for periodontopathic bacteria were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Salivary total IgA antibody levels in patients were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (p<0.01). There was no difference between healthy subjects and periodontitis patients regarding the salivary IgA antibodies specific for P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum. Patients were divided into two groups according to the amount of IgA antibody specific for periodontopathic bacteria. If the amount of IgA antibody against a bacterial species exceeded the mean plus 2 SD of the healthy subjects, the patients were classified as H-group, while the other patients were classified as L-group. As to the IgA antibody specific for P. gingivalis, H group patients has significantly low numbers of teeth showing. ≥3mm, ≥5mm, and. ≥7 mm pocket depths (p<0.05). The numbers of teeth showing. ≥25%, ≥50%, ≥75% bone loss were lower in H group than L group, but the difference was not statistically significant. These results suggest that salivary IgA antibody specific for periodontopathic bacteria is not always produced in adult periodontitis patients, and that salivary IgA antibody specific for P. gingivalis might have a protective role in periodontitis. |
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| AbstractList | There are few reports describing the role of the secretory immune system against periodontopathic bacteria in periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of salivary IgA antibody against periodontopathic bacteria. Peripheral blood and unstimulated saliva were collected from the 25 adult periodontitis patients and 10 healthy volunteers. Total IgA antibody, total secretory IgA antibody, and IgA antibody specific for periodontopathic bacteria were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Salivary total IgA antibody levels in patients were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (p<0.01). There was no difference between healthy subjects and periodontitis patients regarding the salivary IgA antibodies specific for P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum. Patients were divided into two groups according to the amount of IgA antibody specific for periodontopathic bacteria. If the amount of IgA antibody against a bacterial species exceeded the mean plus 2 SD of the healthy subjects, the patients were classified as H-group, while the other patients were classified as L-group. As to the IgA antibody specific for P. gingivalis, H group patients has significantly low numbers of teeth showing. ≥3mm, ≥5mm, and. ≥7 mm pocket depths (p<0.05). The numbers of teeth showing. ≥25%, ≥50%, ≥75% bone loss were lower in H group than L group, but the difference was not statistically significant. These results suggest that salivary IgA antibody specific for periodontopathic bacteria is not always produced in adult periodontitis patients, and that salivary IgA antibody specific for P. gingivalis might have a protective role in periodontitis. |
| Author | Aramaki, Maya Ishikawa, Isao Nagasawa, Toshiyuki |
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| References | Naito, Y., Okuda, K., Takazoe, I., Watanabe, H. and Ishikawa, I.: The relationship between serum IgG levels to subgingival gram-negative bacteria and degree of periodontal destruction. J. Dent. Res., 64: 1306-1310, 1985. Sandholm, L. and Gronblad, E.: Salivaly immunoglobulins in patients with juvenile periodontitis and their healthy siblings. J. Periodontol., 55: 9-12, 1984. Schei, O., Waerhaug, J., Lovdal, A. and Arno, A.: Alveolar bone loss as related to oral hygiene and age. J. Periodontol., 30: 7-16, 1959. Kimura, S., Yonemura, T., Hiraga, T. and Okada, H.: Flow cytometric evaluation of phagocytosis by peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes in human periodontal diseases. Arch. Oral Biol., 37: 495-501, 1992. Ishikawa, I., Watanabe, H., Horibe, M. and Izumi, Y.: Diversity of IgG antibody responses in the patients with various types of periodontitis. Adv. Dent. Res., 2: 334-338, 1988. 名倉宏: 現代免疫学, 第2版, 医学書院, 東京, 1992, 301-317. Mansheim, B. J., Stenstrom, M. L., Low, S. B. and Clark, W. B.: Measurement of serum and salivary antibodies to the oral pathogen Bacteroides Asaccharolyticus in human subjdcts. Archs. Oral Biol., 25: 553-557, 1980. 長澤敏行, 佐野公仁夫, 多田富雄: 免疫細胞分化の場としての消化管, 細胞工学, 秀潤社, 東京, 1990, 795-801. Mcdermott, M. R. and Bienenstock, J.: Evidence for a common mucosal immunologic system. I. Migration of B immunoblasts into intestinal, respiratory, and genital tissues. J. Immunol., 5: 1892 -1898, 1979. Horibe, M., Watanabe, H. and Ishikawa, I.: Fifect of periodontal tretrnents on serum IgG antibody titers against periodontopathic bacteria. J. Clin. Periodontol., 22: 510-515, 1995. Brown, T. A., Byres, L., Gardner, M. and Van Dyke, T. E.: Subclass and molecular form of immunoglobulin A antibodies to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in juvenile periodontitis. Infect. Immun., 59: 1126-1130, 1991. Nagasawa, T., Nitta, H., Watanabe, H. and Ishikawa, I.: Reduced CD 8+ peripheral blood T lymphocytes in rapidly progressive periodontitis. Arch. Oral Biol., 40: 605-608, 1995. Nagasawa, T., Sano, K., Ike, F., Kishimoto, H., Nakayama, T., Asano, Y., Ishikawa, I. and Tada, T.: Negative selection of thymus-dependent CD 4+8+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes by internal superantigens. Cell Immunol., 147: 158-166, 1993. Reiff, R. L.: Serum and Salivary IgG and IgA response to initial preparation therapy. J. Periodontol., 55: 299-305, 1984. Mega, J., Bruce, M. G., Beagley, K. W., McGhee, J. R., Taguchi, T., Pitts, A. M., McGheex, M. L., Bucy, R. P., Eldridge, J. H. and Mestekcy, J.: Regulation of mucosal responses by CD 4+ T lymphocytes: Effects of anti-L 3 T 4 treatment on the gastrointestinal immune system. Intern. Immunol., 3: 793-805, 1991. Blanchard, S. B., Cox, S. E. and Ebersole, J. L.: Salivaly IgA responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in the cynomolgus monkey. I. Total IgA and IgA antibody levels to P. gingivalis. Oral Microbiol. Immunol., 6: 341-349, 1991. Schenck, K., Poppelsdorf, D., Denis, C. and Tollefsen, T.: Levels of salivary IgA antibodies reactive with bacteria from dental plaque are associated with susceptibility to experimental gingivitis. J. Clin. Periodontol., 20: 411-417, 1993. Wilton, J. M. A., Curtis, M. A., Gillett, I. R., Griffiths, G. S., Maiden, M. F. J., Sterne, J. A. C., Wilson, D. T. and Johnson, N. W.: Detection of high-risk groups and individuals for periodontal diseases: laboratory markers from analysis of saliva. J. Clin. Periodontol., 16: 475-483, 1989. Guben, O. and De Visscher, G. A. M.: Salivaly IgA in periodontal disease. J. Periodontol., 53: 334-335, 1982. De Nardin, A. M., Sojar, H. T., Grossi, S. G., Christersson, L. A. and Genco, R. J.: Humoral immunity of older adults with periodontal disease to Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect. Immun., 59: 4363-4370, 1991. Smith, D. J., Ebersole, J. L., Taubman, M. A. and Gadalla, L.: Salivary IgA antibody to Actinobacillus actinornycetemcornitans in a young adult population. J. Periodont. Res., 20: 8-11, 1985. Sato, K.: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of sIgA in whole saliva of healthy subjects and patients with oral diseases. Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ., 38: 9-18, 1991. Seymour, G. J., Gemmell, E., Reinhardt, R. A., Eastcott, J. and Taubman, M. A.: Immunopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms. J. Periodont. Res., 28: 478-486, 1993. Lamster, I. B., Smith, Q. T., Celenti, R. S., Singer, R. E. and Grbic, J. T.: Development of a risk profile for periodontal disease: Microbial and host response factors. J. periodontol., 65: 511-520, 1994. Tynelius-Bratthall, G. and Ellen, R. P.: Fluctuations in crevicular and salivary anti-A. viscosus antibody levels in response to treatment of gingivitis. J. Clin. Periodontol., 12: 762-773, 1985. Nagura, H. and Sumi, Y.: Immunological functions of the gut-role of the mucosal immune system. Toxicologic Pathology, 16: 154-164, 1988. |
| References_xml | – reference: Guben, O. and De Visscher, G. A. M.: Salivaly IgA in periodontal disease. J. Periodontol., 53: 334-335, 1982. – reference: Wilton, J. M. A., Curtis, M. A., Gillett, I. R., Griffiths, G. S., Maiden, M. F. J., Sterne, J. A. C., Wilson, D. T. and Johnson, N. W.: Detection of high-risk groups and individuals for periodontal diseases: laboratory markers from analysis of saliva. J. Clin. Periodontol., 16: 475-483, 1989. – reference: Ishikawa, I., Watanabe, H., Horibe, M. and Izumi, Y.: Diversity of IgG antibody responses in the patients with various types of periodontitis. Adv. Dent. Res., 2: 334-338, 1988. – reference: Kimura, S., Yonemura, T., Hiraga, T. and Okada, H.: Flow cytometric evaluation of phagocytosis by peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes in human periodontal diseases. Arch. Oral Biol., 37: 495-501, 1992. – reference: Mansheim, B. J., Stenstrom, M. L., Low, S. B. and Clark, W. B.: Measurement of serum and salivary antibodies to the oral pathogen Bacteroides Asaccharolyticus in human subjdcts. Archs. Oral Biol., 25: 553-557, 1980. – reference: Tynelius-Bratthall, G. and Ellen, R. P.: Fluctuations in crevicular and salivary anti-A. viscosus antibody levels in response to treatment of gingivitis. J. Clin. Periodontol., 12: 762-773, 1985. – reference: Lamster, I. B., Smith, Q. T., Celenti, R. S., Singer, R. E. and Grbic, J. T.: Development of a risk profile for periodontal disease: Microbial and host response factors. J. periodontol., 65: 511-520, 1994. – reference: Seymour, G. J., Gemmell, E., Reinhardt, R. A., Eastcott, J. and Taubman, M. A.: Immunopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms. J. Periodont. Res., 28: 478-486, 1993. – reference: Reiff, R. L.: Serum and Salivary IgG and IgA response to initial preparation therapy. J. Periodontol., 55: 299-305, 1984. – reference: Smith, D. J., Ebersole, J. L., Taubman, M. A. and Gadalla, L.: Salivary IgA antibody to Actinobacillus actinornycetemcornitans in a young adult population. J. Periodont. Res., 20: 8-11, 1985. – reference: De Nardin, A. M., Sojar, H. T., Grossi, S. G., Christersson, L. A. and Genco, R. J.: Humoral immunity of older adults with periodontal disease to Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect. Immun., 59: 4363-4370, 1991. – reference: Sandholm, L. and Gronblad, E.: Salivaly immunoglobulins in patients with juvenile periodontitis and their healthy siblings. J. Periodontol., 55: 9-12, 1984. – reference: Nagasawa, T., Sano, K., Ike, F., Kishimoto, H., Nakayama, T., Asano, Y., Ishikawa, I. and Tada, T.: Negative selection of thymus-dependent CD 4+8+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes by internal superantigens. Cell Immunol., 147: 158-166, 1993. – reference: 長澤敏行, 佐野公仁夫, 多田富雄: 免疫細胞分化の場としての消化管, 細胞工学, 秀潤社, 東京, 1990, 795-801. – reference: Brown, T. A., Byres, L., Gardner, M. and Van Dyke, T. E.: Subclass and molecular form of immunoglobulin A antibodies to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in juvenile periodontitis. Infect. Immun., 59: 1126-1130, 1991. – reference: Naito, Y., Okuda, K., Takazoe, I., Watanabe, H. and Ishikawa, I.: The relationship between serum IgG levels to subgingival gram-negative bacteria and degree of periodontal destruction. J. Dent. Res., 64: 1306-1310, 1985. – reference: Mega, J., Bruce, M. G., Beagley, K. W., McGhee, J. R., Taguchi, T., Pitts, A. M., McGheex, M. L., Bucy, R. P., Eldridge, J. H. and Mestekcy, J.: Regulation of mucosal responses by CD 4+ T lymphocytes: Effects of anti-L 3 T 4 treatment on the gastrointestinal immune system. Intern. Immunol., 3: 793-805, 1991. – reference: Schei, O., Waerhaug, J., Lovdal, A. and Arno, A.: Alveolar bone loss as related to oral hygiene and age. J. Periodontol., 30: 7-16, 1959. – reference: Nagasawa, T., Nitta, H., Watanabe, H. and Ishikawa, I.: Reduced CD 8+ peripheral blood T lymphocytes in rapidly progressive periodontitis. Arch. Oral Biol., 40: 605-608, 1995. – reference: Horibe, M., Watanabe, H. and Ishikawa, I.: Fifect of periodontal tretrnents on serum IgG antibody titers against periodontopathic bacteria. J. Clin. Periodontol., 22: 510-515, 1995. – reference: Mcdermott, M. R. and Bienenstock, J.: Evidence for a common mucosal immunologic system. I. Migration of B immunoblasts into intestinal, respiratory, and genital tissues. J. Immunol., 5: 1892 -1898, 1979. – reference: 名倉宏: 現代免疫学, 第2版, 医学書院, 東京, 1992, 301-317. – reference: Nagura, H. and Sumi, Y.: Immunological functions of the gut-role of the mucosal immune system. Toxicologic Pathology, 16: 154-164, 1988. – reference: Blanchard, S. B., Cox, S. E. and Ebersole, J. L.: Salivaly IgA responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in the cynomolgus monkey. I. Total IgA and IgA antibody levels to P. gingivalis. Oral Microbiol. Immunol., 6: 341-349, 1991. – reference: Schenck, K., Poppelsdorf, D., Denis, C. and Tollefsen, T.: Levels of salivary IgA antibodies reactive with bacteria from dental plaque are associated with susceptibility to experimental gingivitis. J. Clin. Periodontol., 20: 411-417, 1993. – reference: Sato, K.: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of sIgA in whole saliva of healthy subjects and patients with oral diseases. Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ., 38: 9-18, 1991. |
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| Title | The Role of Salivary IgA Antibody against Periodontopathic Bacteria |
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