Unraveling the role of ballast surface charge at floc growth behavior in ballasted flocculation
[Display omitted] •Ballasted flocculation is gaining attention due to advanced clarification abilities.•Role of ballast concentration and surface charge at clarification was revealed.•Ballast specific applied concentration can lead to material efficient system.•The system with compact footprints and...
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Published in | Separation and purification technology Vol. 278; p. 119507 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.12.2021
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Subjects | |
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Abstract | [Display omitted]
•Ballasted flocculation is gaining attention due to advanced clarification abilities.•Role of ballast concentration and surface charge at clarification was revealed.•Ballast specific applied concentration can lead to material efficient system.•The system with compact footprints and shorter retention time can be designed.
This study was emphasized on unraveling the concealed role of surface charge characteristics of employed ballasts at suspended solids interaction with employed ballasts during floc formation in ballasted flocculation (BF). The purpose was to investigate possibilities in surface charge modulation of employed ballasts leading to enhanced aggregation and ballast embedment during floc growth. The ballasts with varied surface charge (-37.8 mV to + 33.6 mV) and equivalent specific gravity (SG: 5.09) were employed in BF process in this study. This Ballasted flocculation study was conducted using a static mixer device in this study, and characteristics of ballasted flocs (size and settling velocity of aggregates) were analyzed by charge coupled device camera. These image analysis investigations revealed that ballast particles and suspended solids experience attractions and repulsions during aggregation subject to ballast surface charge. However, appropriate ballast selection (surface charge characteristics) corresponding to influent characteristics, and optimization of applied ballast concentration (2gL-1) corresponding to ballast surface charge characteristics (SC: +1.23) resulted in 99% clarification (1 NTU residual turbidity) accomplished in a quick settling interval (30 s) with efficient consumption of applied ballasts compared to previous studies. The real-time velocity observations (using CCD camera) also confirmed this rapid clarification exhibiting superficial sedimentation (102.4mh−1) of the aggregated flocs. Therefore, this study concluded that appropriate ballast selection and optimalization of applied ballast concentration corresponding to surface charge characteristics and influent properties can lead to rapid clarification of micropollutants, and instantaneous sedimentation with efficient ballast consumption. This can lead to efficient treatment facility design with shorter hydraulic retention time, compact space requirements, and capability to produce high quality effluent discharge from highly turbid influent. |
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AbstractList | [Display omitted]
•Ballasted flocculation is gaining attention due to advanced clarification abilities.•Role of ballast concentration and surface charge at clarification was revealed.•Ballast specific applied concentration can lead to material efficient system.•The system with compact footprints and shorter retention time can be designed.
This study was emphasized on unraveling the concealed role of surface charge characteristics of employed ballasts at suspended solids interaction with employed ballasts during floc formation in ballasted flocculation (BF). The purpose was to investigate possibilities in surface charge modulation of employed ballasts leading to enhanced aggregation and ballast embedment during floc growth. The ballasts with varied surface charge (-37.8 mV to + 33.6 mV) and equivalent specific gravity (SG: 5.09) were employed in BF process in this study. This Ballasted flocculation study was conducted using a static mixer device in this study, and characteristics of ballasted flocs (size and settling velocity of aggregates) were analyzed by charge coupled device camera. These image analysis investigations revealed that ballast particles and suspended solids experience attractions and repulsions during aggregation subject to ballast surface charge. However, appropriate ballast selection (surface charge characteristics) corresponding to influent characteristics, and optimization of applied ballast concentration (2gL-1) corresponding to ballast surface charge characteristics (SC: +1.23) resulted in 99% clarification (1 NTU residual turbidity) accomplished in a quick settling interval (30 s) with efficient consumption of applied ballasts compared to previous studies. The real-time velocity observations (using CCD camera) also confirmed this rapid clarification exhibiting superficial sedimentation (102.4mh−1) of the aggregated flocs. Therefore, this study concluded that appropriate ballast selection and optimalization of applied ballast concentration corresponding to surface charge characteristics and influent properties can lead to rapid clarification of micropollutants, and instantaneous sedimentation with efficient ballast consumption. This can lead to efficient treatment facility design with shorter hydraulic retention time, compact space requirements, and capability to produce high quality effluent discharge from highly turbid influent. |
ArticleNumber | 119507 |
Author | Park, Seongjun Qasim, Muhammad Kim, Jong-Oh |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jenvman_2021_114379 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jwpe_2023_104727 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jece_2023_109650 |
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Keywords | Settling velocity Surface charge Image analysis Ballasted flocculation Ballast characteristics |
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Eng. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001271 contributor: fullname: Lapointe – volume: 19 start-page: 1017 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119507_b0145 article-title: Urban stormwater runoff treatment of Nainital Lake's catchment: an application of ballasted sand flocculation technology publication-title: Water Supply doi: 10.2166/ws.2018.148 contributor: fullname: Kumar – volume: 75 start-page: 263 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119507_b0135 article-title: Factors affecting ballasted flocculation reactions publication-title: Water Environ. Res. doi: 10.2175/106143003X141051 contributor: fullname: Young – volume: 345 start-page: 405 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119507_b0120 article-title: Particle classification and drag coefficients of irregularly-shaped combustion residues with various size and shape publication-title: Powder Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.01.003 contributor: fullname: Knoll |
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•Ballasted flocculation is gaining attention due to advanced clarification abilities.•Role of ballast concentration and surface charge at... |
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SubjectTerms | Ballast characteristics Ballasted flocculation Image analysis Settling velocity Surface charge |
Title | Unraveling the role of ballast surface charge at floc growth behavior in ballasted flocculation |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119507 |
Volume | 278 |
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