Development and Evaluation of Nano-Vesicular Emulsion-Based Gel as a Promising Approach for Dermal Atorvastatin Delivery Against Inflammation
Atorvastatin (ATV), a medication used to reduce cholesterol levels, possesses properties that can counteract the damaging effects of free radicals and reduce inflammation. However, the administration of ATV orally is associated with low systemic bioavailability due to its limited capacity to dissolv...
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Published in | International journal of nanomedicine Vol. 19; pp. 11415 - 11432 |
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Language | English |
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Abstract | Atorvastatin (ATV), a medication used to reduce cholesterol levels, possesses properties that can counteract the damaging effects of free radicals and reduce inflammation. However, the administration of ATV orally is associated with low systemic bioavailability due to its limited capacity to dissolve in water and significant first-pass effect. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of employing nano-vesicles for transdermal administration of ATV in order to enhance its anti-inflammatory effects.
ATV-loaded transethosomes (ATV-TEs) were optimized using the 3
Box-Behnken design. The ATV-TEs that were created were evaluated for their vesicle size, encapsulation efficiency (% EE), and percent release of drug. The optimum formulation was integrated into a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) emulsion-based gel (ATV-TEs emulgel) using jojoba oil. ATV-TEs emulgel was examined for its physical characteristics, ex vivo permeability, histological, and anti-inflammatory effect in a rat model of inflamed paw edema.
The optimized transethosomes exhibited a vesicle size of 158.00 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 80.14 ± 1.42%. Furthermore, the use of transethosomal vesicles effectively prolonged the release of ATV for a duration of 24 hours, in contrast to the pure drug suspension. In addition, the transethosomal emulgel loaded with ATV exhibited a 3.8-fold increase in the transdermal flow of ATV, in comparison to the pure drug suspension. ATV-TEs emulgel demonstrated a strong anti-inflammatory impact in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model.
This was evident from the significant reduction in paw edema, which was equivalent to the effect of the standard anti-inflammatory medicine, Diclofenac sodium.
In summary, transethosomes, as a whole, might potentially serve as an effective method for delivering drugs via the skin. This could improve the ability of ATV to reduce inflammation by increasing its absorption through the skin. |
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AbstractList | Atorvastatin (ATV), a medication used to reduce cholesterol levels, possesses properties that can counteract the damaging effects of free radicals and reduce inflammation. However, the administration of ATV orally is associated with low systemic bioavailability due to its limited capacity to dissolve in water and significant first-pass effect. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of employing nano-vesicles for transdermal administration of ATV in order to enhance its anti-inflammatory effects.
ATV-loaded transethosomes (ATV-TEs) were optimized using the 3
Box-Behnken design. The ATV-TEs that were created were evaluated for their vesicle size, encapsulation efficiency (% EE), and percent release of drug. The optimum formulation was integrated into a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) emulsion-based gel (ATV-TEs emulgel) using jojoba oil. ATV-TEs emulgel was examined for its physical characteristics, ex vivo permeability, histological, and anti-inflammatory effect in a rat model of inflamed paw edema.
The optimized transethosomes exhibited a vesicle size of 158.00 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 80.14 ± 1.42%. Furthermore, the use of transethosomal vesicles effectively prolonged the release of ATV for a duration of 24 hours, in contrast to the pure drug suspension. In addition, the transethosomal emulgel loaded with ATV exhibited a 3.8-fold increase in the transdermal flow of ATV, in comparison to the pure drug suspension. ATV-TEs emulgel demonstrated a strong anti-inflammatory impact in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model.
This was evident from the significant reduction in paw edema, which was equivalent to the effect of the standard anti-inflammatory medicine, Diclofenac sodium.
In summary, transethosomes, as a whole, might potentially serve as an effective method for delivering drugs via the skin. This could improve the ability of ATV to reduce inflammation by increasing its absorption through the skin. Atorvastatin (ATV), a medication used to reduce cholesterol levels, possesses properties that can counteract the damaging effects of free radicals and reduce inflammation. However, the administration of ATV orally is associated with low systemic bioavailability due to its limited capacity to dissolve in water and significant first-pass effect. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of employing nano-vesicles for transdermal administration of ATV in order to enhance its anti-inflammatory effects.IntroductionAtorvastatin (ATV), a medication used to reduce cholesterol levels, possesses properties that can counteract the damaging effects of free radicals and reduce inflammation. However, the administration of ATV orally is associated with low systemic bioavailability due to its limited capacity to dissolve in water and significant first-pass effect. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of employing nano-vesicles for transdermal administration of ATV in order to enhance its anti-inflammatory effects.ATV-loaded transethosomes (ATV-TEs) were optimized using the 33 Box-Behnken design. The ATV-TEs that were created were evaluated for their vesicle size, encapsulation efficiency (% EE), and percent release of drug. The optimum formulation was integrated into a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) emulsion-based gel (ATV-TEs emulgel) using jojoba oil. ATV-TEs emulgel was examined for its physical characteristics, ex vivo permeability, histological, and anti-inflammatory effect in a rat model of inflamed paw edema.MethodsATV-loaded transethosomes (ATV-TEs) were optimized using the 33 Box-Behnken design. The ATV-TEs that were created were evaluated for their vesicle size, encapsulation efficiency (% EE), and percent release of drug. The optimum formulation was integrated into a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) emulsion-based gel (ATV-TEs emulgel) using jojoba oil. ATV-TEs emulgel was examined for its physical characteristics, ex vivo permeability, histological, and anti-inflammatory effect in a rat model of inflamed paw edema.The optimized transethosomes exhibited a vesicle size of 158.00 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 80.14 ± 1.42%. Furthermore, the use of transethosomal vesicles effectively prolonged the release of ATV for a duration of 24 hours, in contrast to the pure drug suspension. In addition, the transethosomal emulgel loaded with ATV exhibited a 3.8-fold increase in the transdermal flow of ATV, in comparison to the pure drug suspension. ATV-TEs emulgel demonstrated a strong anti-inflammatory impact in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model.ResultsThe optimized transethosomes exhibited a vesicle size of 158.00 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 80.14 ± 1.42%. Furthermore, the use of transethosomal vesicles effectively prolonged the release of ATV for a duration of 24 hours, in contrast to the pure drug suspension. In addition, the transethosomal emulgel loaded with ATV exhibited a 3.8-fold increase in the transdermal flow of ATV, in comparison to the pure drug suspension. ATV-TEs emulgel demonstrated a strong anti-inflammatory impact in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model.This was evident from the significant reduction in paw edema, which was equivalent to the effect of the standard anti-inflammatory medicine, Diclofenac sodium.DiscussionThis was evident from the significant reduction in paw edema, which was equivalent to the effect of the standard anti-inflammatory medicine, Diclofenac sodium.In summary, transethosomes, as a whole, might potentially serve as an effective method for delivering drugs via the skin. This could improve the ability of ATV to reduce inflammation by increasing its absorption through the skin.ConclusionIn summary, transethosomes, as a whole, might potentially serve as an effective method for delivering drugs via the skin. This could improve the ability of ATV to reduce inflammation by increasing its absorption through the skin. |
Author | Shahien, Mona M Shawky, Seham Abdallah, Marwa H El-Horany, Hemat El-Sayed Ahmed, Enas Haridy El-Housiny, Shaimaa |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marwa H orcidid: 0000-0001-6670-3903 surname: Abdallah fullname: Abdallah, Marwa H organization: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81442, Saudi Arabia – sequence: 2 givenname: Seham surname: Shawky fullname: Shawky, Seham organization: Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt – sequence: 3 givenname: Mona M surname: Shahien fullname: Shahien, Mona M organization: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81442, Saudi Arabia – sequence: 4 givenname: Hemat El-Sayed surname: El-Horany fullname: El-Horany, Hemat El-Sayed organization: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31511, Egypt – sequence: 5 givenname: Enas Haridy orcidid: 0009-0003-8786-250X surname: Ahmed fullname: Ahmed, Enas Haridy organization: Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt – sequence: 6 givenname: Shaimaa surname: El-Housiny fullname: El-Housiny, Shaimaa organization: Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, 4410240, Egypt |
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Keywords | nano-vesicles anti-inflammatory test emulsion-based gel histopathological study |
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SubjectTerms | Administration, Cutaneous Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents - administration & dosage Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacokinetics Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Atorvastatin - administration & dosage Atorvastatin - chemistry Atorvastatin - pharmacokinetics Atorvastatin - pharmacology Drug Liberation Edema - drug therapy Emulsions - chemistry Gels - chemistry Hypromellose Derivatives - chemistry Inflammation - drug therapy Male Nanoparticles - administration & dosage Nanoparticles - chemistry Original Research Particle Size Rats Rats, Wistar Skin - drug effects Skin Absorption - drug effects |
Title | Development and Evaluation of Nano-Vesicular Emulsion-Based Gel as a Promising Approach for Dermal Atorvastatin Delivery Against Inflammation |
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