Relation between exposure time on recalcifying fluid and histopathological change of artificial caries
The recalcifying process of artificial caries by exposure to a calcifying fluidwas studied. The purpose was to clarify the reversible ranges of “recalcification” of enamel surface lesions, whichhad been decalcified at various times. Artificial caries was created by the acidified gelatin-gel method (...
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| Published in | Japanese Journal of Oral Biology Vol. 23; no. 4; pp. 817 - 838 |
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Japanese Association for Oral Biology
1981
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0385-0137 |
| DOI | 10.2330/joralbiosci1965.23.817 |
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| Abstract | The recalcifying process of artificial caries by exposure to a calcifying fluidwas studied. The purpose was to clarify the reversible ranges of “recalcification” of enamel surface lesions, whichhad been decalcified at various times. Artificial caries was created by the acidified gelatin-gel method (Silverstone '66) at various intervals (3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). After the formation of lesions, thehalf surfaces of the lesions were varnished to serve as controls. They were exposed to a calcifyingfluid in accordance with the formula of Koulourides ('61) for 10 days. Histological and ultrastructuralchanges were examined by contact microradiogram, polarized microscope and scanning electron microscope. Differences in surfaces hues of each samples were read by Chromascan. The samples immersedin acidified gelatin-gel solution for 3, 7 and 14 days showed that decalcification occurred proportionatelyto the experimental periods within a depth of 60-70μ. Whereas, in the samples of 21and 28 days decalcification, the lesions progressed rapidly. Especially, 28 days decalcified lesion reachedabout 200μ. By exposure to the calcifying fluid, the lesions with a depth of about 100μ were apparentlymodified (maximum depth of approximately 30%). However, in more deeper lesions, theeffect of the calcifying fluid was extremely decreased. Amorphous mineral deposits were noticed onthe recalcified surface by scanning electron microscopy, suggesting that this structure may have seriousinfluence on the recalcification phenomenon. Results of the measuring with Chromascan supportedthe above histological changes. |
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| AbstractList | The recalcifying process of artificial caries by exposure to a calcifying fluidwas studied. The purpose was to clarify the reversible ranges of “recalcification” of enamel surface lesions, whichhad been decalcified at various times. Artificial caries was created by the acidified gelatin-gel method (Silverstone '66) at various intervals (3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). After the formation of lesions, thehalf surfaces of the lesions were varnished to serve as controls. They were exposed to a calcifyingfluid in accordance with the formula of Koulourides ('61) for 10 days. Histological and ultrastructuralchanges were examined by contact microradiogram, polarized microscope and scanning electron microscope. Differences in surfaces hues of each samples were read by Chromascan. The samples immersedin acidified gelatin-gel solution for 3, 7 and 14 days showed that decalcification occurred proportionatelyto the experimental periods within a depth of 60-70μ. Whereas, in the samples of 21and 28 days decalcification, the lesions progressed rapidly. Especially, 28 days decalcified lesion reachedabout 200μ. By exposure to the calcifying fluid, the lesions with a depth of about 100μ were apparentlymodified (maximum depth of approximately 30%). However, in more deeper lesions, theeffect of the calcifying fluid was extremely decreased. Amorphous mineral deposits were noticed onthe recalcified surface by scanning electron microscopy, suggesting that this structure may have seriousinfluence on the recalcification phenomenon. Results of the measuring with Chromascan supportedthe above histological changes. |
| Author | Itoh, Tadashi |
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| References | 23) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: Remineralization phenomena. Caries Res., 11: Supp. 1, 59-84, 1977. 24) 中垣晴男: 生検法としてのエナメル質溶解性測定法の基礎的研究第1編測定法の検討. 口衛誌28: 26-59, 1979. 19) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: Observations onthe dark zone in early enamel caries and artificial caries-like lesions. Caries Res., 1: 261-274, 1967a. 27) 向井正視; エナメル質の酸処理後における経時的変化. 日歯保誌, 21: 539-564, 1978. 28) 松田哲明, 山田建二郎, 木原充, 白川安彦, 升本明, 佐藤通泰: Direct Bonding Methodに関する研究: エッチングしたエナメル質の口腔内における経日的変化. 九州歯会誌, 33: 437-441, 1979. 35) DARLING, A. I., MORTIMER, K. V., POOLE, O. F. G. and OLLis, W. D.: Molecularsieve behaviour of normal and carious humandental enamel. Archs. oral Biol., 5: 251-273, 1961. 5) KOULOURIDES, T., CEUTO, H. and PIGMAN, W.: Rehardening of softened enamel surfacesof human teeth by solutions of calciumphosphates. Nature, Lond., 189: 226-227, 1961. 25) 中垣晴男: 生検法としてのエナメル質溶解性測定法の基礎的研究第2編至適測定条件の検討口衛誌, 28: 60-79, 1979. 37) CHOW, L. C. and BROWN, W. E.: Reactionof dicalcium phosphate dihydrate with fluoride. J. Dent. Res., 52: 1220-1227, 1973. 8) JOHANSSON, B.: Remineralization of slightlyetched enamel. J. Dent. Res., 44: 64-70, 1965. 36) NANCOLLAS, G. H. and WEFEL, J. S.: Seeded growth of calcium phosphates: Effect of different calcium phosphate seedmaterial. J. Dent. Res., 55: 617-624, 1976. 20) WEI, S. H. Y. and WEFEL, J. S.: In vitrointeractions between the surfaces of enamelwhite spots and calcifying solutions. J. Dent.Res., 55: 135-141, 1976. 29) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and JOHNSON, N. W.: The effect on sound human enamelof exposure to calcifying fluids in vitro. Caries Res., 5: 323-342, 1971. 31) GUSTAFSON, G. and SUNDSTROM, B.: Enamel: Morphological considerations. J. Dent. Res., Special Issue B, 54: B 114-120, 1975. 33) MÖRCH, T. and PLASSCHAERT, A. J. M.: A comparative study of demineralization ofenamel evaluated by means of Puptake andcalcium release. Scand. J. Dent. Res., 81: 27-34, 1973. 13) CATE, J. M. TEN and ARENDS, J.: Remineralizationof artificial enamel lesionsin vitro. Caries. Res., 11: 277-286, 1977. 18) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: The primary translucentzone of enamel caries and of artificialcaries-like lesions. Brit. Dent. J., 120: 461-471, 1966. 14) CATE, J. M. TEN and ARENDS, J.: Remineralizationof artificial enamel lesionsin vitro. II. Determination of activationenergy and reaction order. Caries Res., 12: 213-222, 1978. 10) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and POOLE, D. F. G.: The effect of saliva and calcifying solutionsupon the histological appearance of enamelcaries, Caries Res., 2: 87-96, 1968. 9) WEI, S. H. Y.: Remineralization of enameland dentine-A review. J. Dent. Child., 34: 444-451, 1967. 11) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and POOLE, D. F. G.: Histologic and ultrastructural features of remineralized carious enamel. J. Dent. Res., 48: 766-770, 1969. 1) HEAD, J. A.: A study of saliva and itsaction on tooth enamel in reference to itshardening and softening. J. Am. Med. Ass., 59: 2118-2122, 1912. 17) GROENEVELD, A., PURDELL-LEWIS, D. J. and ARENDS, J.: Remineralization of artificialcaries lesions by stannous fluoride. Caries Res., 10: 189-200, 1976. 4) VON DER FEHR, F. R., LÖE, H. and THEILADE, E.: Experimental caries in man. Caries Res., 4: 131-148, 1970. 21) SILVERSTONE, L. M., WEFEL, J. S., ZIMMERMAN, B. F., CLARKSON, B. H. and FEATHERSTONE, M. J.: Remineralizationof natural and artificial lesions in humandental enamel in vitro. Caries Res., 15: 138-157, 1981. 6) KOULOURIDES, T.: Dynamics of tooth surface-oral fluid equilibrium. Adv. oral Biol., 2 149-171, 1966. 22) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: The histopathologyof early approximal caries in the enamel of primary teeth. J. Dent. Child., 37: 201-210, 1970. 26) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: Remineralization of human enamel in vitro. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 65; 32-34, 1972. 7) LENZ, H. and MUHLEMANN, H. R.: Repairof etched enamel exposed to the oralenvironment. Hely. Odont. Acta., 7: 47-49, 1963. 2) ANDERSON, B. G.: Clinical study of arrestingdental caries. J. dent. Res., 17: 443-452, 1938. 38) 輿水正樹, 田熊庄三郎, 東田久子: In vitroにおける琺瑯質の再石灰化. 歯科学報, 74: 1150-1159, 1974. 32) BERGMAN, G. and LINDEN, L. A.: Techniques for microscopic study of the enamelfluid in vivo. J. Dent. Res., 44:1409, 1965. 12) BRINER, W. W., GRAY, J. A. and FRANCIS, M. D.: Significance of enamel remineralization. J. Dent. Res., Supplement to No.2, 53: 239-243, 1974. 3) BACKER-DIRKS, a: Posteruptive changesin dental enamel. J. Dent. Res., 45: 503-511, 1966. 34) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and WEFEL, J. S.: The effect of remineralization on artificialcaries-like lessions and their crystal content. J. Crys. Growth, 53: 148-159, 1981. 15) KOULOURIDES, T.: Experimental changesof enamel mineral density: in Harris Artand science of dental caries research, pp.355-378,(University Press, Chicago, 1968). 16) WEI, S. H. Y.: Scanning electron microscopestudy of stannous fluoride treatedenamel surfaces. J. Dent. Res., 53: 57-63, 1974. 30) WÜHLEMANN, H. R., LENZ, H. and ROSSINSKY, K.: Electron microscopic appearanceof rehardened enamel. Hely. Odont. Acta., 8: 108-111, 1964. |
| References_xml | – reference: 15) KOULOURIDES, T.: Experimental changesof enamel mineral density: in Harris Artand science of dental caries research, pp.355-378,(University Press, Chicago, 1968). – reference: 7) LENZ, H. and MUHLEMANN, H. R.: Repairof etched enamel exposed to the oralenvironment. Hely. Odont. Acta., 7: 47-49, 1963. – reference: 26) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: Remineralization of human enamel in vitro. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 65; 32-34, 1972. – reference: 13) CATE, J. M. TEN and ARENDS, J.: Remineralizationof artificial enamel lesionsin vitro. Caries. Res., 11: 277-286, 1977. – reference: 35) DARLING, A. I., MORTIMER, K. V., POOLE, O. F. G. and OLLis, W. D.: Molecularsieve behaviour of normal and carious humandental enamel. Archs. oral Biol., 5: 251-273, 1961. – reference: 1) HEAD, J. A.: A study of saliva and itsaction on tooth enamel in reference to itshardening and softening. J. Am. Med. Ass., 59: 2118-2122, 1912. – reference: 28) 松田哲明, 山田建二郎, 木原充, 白川安彦, 升本明, 佐藤通泰: Direct Bonding Methodに関する研究: エッチングしたエナメル質の口腔内における経日的変化. 九州歯会誌, 33: 437-441, 1979. – reference: 32) BERGMAN, G. and LINDEN, L. A.: Techniques for microscopic study of the enamelfluid in vivo. J. Dent. Res., 44:1409, 1965. – reference: 3) BACKER-DIRKS, a: Posteruptive changesin dental enamel. J. Dent. Res., 45: 503-511, 1966. – reference: 21) SILVERSTONE, L. M., WEFEL, J. S., ZIMMERMAN, B. F., CLARKSON, B. H. and FEATHERSTONE, M. J.: Remineralizationof natural and artificial lesions in humandental enamel in vitro. Caries Res., 15: 138-157, 1981. – reference: 5) KOULOURIDES, T., CEUTO, H. and PIGMAN, W.: Rehardening of softened enamel surfacesof human teeth by solutions of calciumphosphates. Nature, Lond., 189: 226-227, 1961. – reference: 10) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and POOLE, D. F. G.: The effect of saliva and calcifying solutionsupon the histological appearance of enamelcaries, Caries Res., 2: 87-96, 1968. – reference: 24) 中垣晴男: 生検法としてのエナメル質溶解性測定法の基礎的研究第1編測定法の検討. 口衛誌28: 26-59, 1979. – reference: 31) GUSTAFSON, G. and SUNDSTROM, B.: Enamel: Morphological considerations. J. Dent. Res., Special Issue B, 54: B 114-120, 1975. – reference: 4) VON DER FEHR, F. R., LÖE, H. and THEILADE, E.: Experimental caries in man. Caries Res., 4: 131-148, 1970. – reference: 8) JOHANSSON, B.: Remineralization of slightlyetched enamel. J. Dent. Res., 44: 64-70, 1965. – reference: 27) 向井正視; エナメル質の酸処理後における経時的変化. 日歯保誌, 21: 539-564, 1978. – reference: 2) ANDERSON, B. G.: Clinical study of arrestingdental caries. J. dent. Res., 17: 443-452, 1938. – reference: 38) 輿水正樹, 田熊庄三郎, 東田久子: In vitroにおける琺瑯質の再石灰化. 歯科学報, 74: 1150-1159, 1974. – reference: 25) 中垣晴男: 生検法としてのエナメル質溶解性測定法の基礎的研究第2編至適測定条件の検討口衛誌, 28: 60-79, 1979. – reference: 29) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and JOHNSON, N. W.: The effect on sound human enamelof exposure to calcifying fluids in vitro. Caries Res., 5: 323-342, 1971. – reference: 23) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: Remineralization phenomena. Caries Res., 11: Supp. 1, 59-84, 1977. – reference: 11) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and POOLE, D. F. G.: Histologic and ultrastructural features of remineralized carious enamel. J. Dent. Res., 48: 766-770, 1969. – reference: 9) WEI, S. H. Y.: Remineralization of enameland dentine-A review. J. Dent. Child., 34: 444-451, 1967. – reference: 16) WEI, S. H. Y.: Scanning electron microscopestudy of stannous fluoride treatedenamel surfaces. J. Dent. Res., 53: 57-63, 1974. – reference: 17) GROENEVELD, A., PURDELL-LEWIS, D. J. and ARENDS, J.: Remineralization of artificialcaries lesions by stannous fluoride. Caries Res., 10: 189-200, 1976. – reference: 6) KOULOURIDES, T.: Dynamics of tooth surface-oral fluid equilibrium. Adv. oral Biol., 2 149-171, 1966. – reference: 34) SILVERSTONE, L. M. and WEFEL, J. S.: The effect of remineralization on artificialcaries-like lessions and their crystal content. J. Crys. Growth, 53: 148-159, 1981. – reference: 19) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: Observations onthe dark zone in early enamel caries and artificial caries-like lesions. Caries Res., 1: 261-274, 1967a. – reference: 36) NANCOLLAS, G. H. and WEFEL, J. S.: Seeded growth of calcium phosphates: Effect of different calcium phosphate seedmaterial. J. Dent. Res., 55: 617-624, 1976. – reference: 14) CATE, J. M. TEN and ARENDS, J.: Remineralizationof artificial enamel lesionsin vitro. II. Determination of activationenergy and reaction order. Caries Res., 12: 213-222, 1978. – reference: 22) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: The histopathologyof early approximal caries in the enamel of primary teeth. J. Dent. Child., 37: 201-210, 1970. – reference: 30) WÜHLEMANN, H. R., LENZ, H. and ROSSINSKY, K.: Electron microscopic appearanceof rehardened enamel. Hely. Odont. Acta., 8: 108-111, 1964. – reference: 33) MÖRCH, T. and PLASSCHAERT, A. J. M.: A comparative study of demineralization ofenamel evaluated by means of Puptake andcalcium release. Scand. J. Dent. Res., 81: 27-34, 1973. – reference: 37) CHOW, L. C. and BROWN, W. E.: Reactionof dicalcium phosphate dihydrate with fluoride. J. Dent. Res., 52: 1220-1227, 1973. – reference: 20) WEI, S. H. Y. and WEFEL, J. S.: In vitrointeractions between the surfaces of enamelwhite spots and calcifying solutions. J. Dent.Res., 55: 135-141, 1976. – reference: 12) BRINER, W. W., GRAY, J. A. and FRANCIS, M. D.: Significance of enamel remineralization. J. Dent. Res., Supplement to No.2, 53: 239-243, 1974. – reference: 18) SILVERSTONE, L. M.: The primary translucentzone of enamel caries and of artificialcaries-like lesions. Brit. Dent. J., 120: 461-471, 1966. |
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| Title | Relation between exposure time on recalcifying fluid and histopathological change of artificial caries |
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