Hormonal consequences oe missing the pill during the first two days of three consecutive artificial cycles
The hormonal effects of the deliberate omission of a low-dose combined oral contraceptive pill (30 μg ethinyl estradiol + 150 μg levonorgestrel) during the first two days of three consecutive artificial cycles were studied in 10 women. The plasma levels of estradiol, progesterone, levonorgestrel and...
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| Published in | Contraception (Stoneham) Vol. 29; no. 5; pp. 437 - 446 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Inc
1984
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0010-7824 1879-0518 |
| DOI | 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9 |
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| Abstract | The hormonal effects of the deliberate omission of a low-dose combined oral contraceptive pill (30
μg ethinyl estradiol + 150
μg levonorgestrel) during the first two days of three consecutive artificial cycles were studied in 10 women. The plasma levels of estradiol, progesterone, levonorgestrel and — whenever juistified — of LH were measured three times weekly (Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays) throughout a 90-day period, and the ovarian reaction to the prolongation of the pill-free period from 7 to 9 days was assessed. One subject (with a premature LH surge) showed a marked follicular and an inadequate luteal activity in 2 of 3 cycles. The remaining cycles were characterized by a varying degree of follicular activity associated with the absence of any luteal function. None of the subjects exhibited peripheral steroid levels indicating a normal ovulatory cycle.
The results are interpreted as suggesting that repeated prolongation of the pill-free period from 7 to 9 days might result in a gradual increase in ovarian activity. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The hormonal effects of the deliberate omission of a low-dose combined oral contraceptive pill (30
μg ethinyl estradiol + 150
μg levonorgestrel) during the first two days of three consecutive artificial cycles were studied in 10 women. The plasma levels of estradiol, progesterone, levonorgestrel and — whenever juistified — of LH were measured three times weekly (Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays) throughout a 90-day period, and the ovarian reaction to the prolongation of the pill-free period from 7 to 9 days was assessed. One subject (with a premature LH surge) showed a marked follicular and an inadequate luteal activity in 2 of 3 cycles. The remaining cycles were characterized by a varying degree of follicular activity associated with the absence of any luteal function. None of the subjects exhibited peripheral steroid levels indicating a normal ovulatory cycle.
The results are interpreted as suggesting that repeated prolongation of the pill-free period from 7 to 9 days might result in a gradual increase in ovarian activity. |
| Author | Diczfalusy, E. Landgren, B-M. |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/0010-7824(82)90131-7 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb01524.x 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1972.tb15810.x 10.1016/0002-9378(72)90178-0 10.1016/0009-8981(81)90331-4 10.1016/S0010-7824(80)80003-5 10.1016/0010-7824(81)90066-4 10.1016/0010-7824(80)90142-0 10.1016/0010-7824(79)90045-3 |
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| References | Israel, Mishell, Stone, Thorneycroft, Moyer (BIB15) 1972; 112 Khosla, Lowe (BIB11) 1967; 21 Morris, Groom, Cameron, Buckingham, Everitt, Elstein (BIB10) 1979; 20 Rajalakshmi, Robertson, Choi, Diczfalusy (BIB7) 1979; 90 Kanluan, Masironi, Cekan (BIB4) 1981; 109 Chowdhury, Joshi, Gopalkrishna, Betrabet, Mehta, Saxena (BIB9) 1980; 22 Landgren, Oriowo, Diczfalusy (BIB16) 1981; 24 Van Damme, Robertson, Diczfalusy (BIB5) 1974; 77 Aso, Guerrero, Cekan, Diczfalusy (BIB3) 1975; 4 Abraham, Maroulis, Marshall (BIB13) 1974; 44 Wang, Shi, Cekan, Landgren, Diczfalusy (BIB2) 1982; 6 Landgren, Undén, Diczfalusy (BIB8) 1980; 94 Romaní, Robertson, Diczfalusy (BIB6) 1976; 83 Diczfalusy, Landgren (BIB12) 1981 Black, Martin, Whyte (BIB14) 1972; 79 Landgren, Diczfalusy (BIB1) 1980; 1 Wang (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB2) 1982; 6 Aso (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB3) 1975; 4 Black (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB14) 1972; 79 Romaní (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB6) 1976; 83 Rajalakshmi (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB7) 1979; 90 Abraham (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB13) 1974; 44 Chowdhury (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB9) 1980; 22 Landgren (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB1) 1980; 1 Landgren (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB16) 1981; 24 Van Damme (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB5) 1974; 77 Khosla (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB11) 1967; 21 Morris (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB10) 1979; 20 Kanluan (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB4) 1981; 109 Israel (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB15) 1972; 112 Landgren (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB8) 1980; 94 Diczfalusy (10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB12) 1981 |
| References_xml | – volume: 6 start-page: 545 year: 1982 end-page: 566 ident: BIB2 article-title: Hormonal consequenses of “missing the pill” publication-title: Contraception – volume: 83 start-page: 454 year: 1976 end-page: 465 ident: BIB6 article-title: Biologically active luteinizing hormone (LH) in plasma. I. Validation of the publication-title: Acta Endocr. (Copenh.) – volume: 24 start-page: 29 year: 1981 end-page: 44 ident: BIB16 article-title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with vaginal devices releasing norethisterone at a constant, near zero order publication-title: Contraception – volume: 77 start-page: 655 year: 1974 end-page: 671 ident: BIB5 article-title: An improved publication-title: Acta Endocr. (Copenh.) – start-page: 1 year: 1981 end-page: 25 ident: BIB12 article-title: How normal is the normal cycle? publication-title: Endocrinology of Human Infertility: New Aspects – volume: 1 start-page: 87 year: 1980 end-page: 113 ident: BIB1 article-title: Hormonal effects of the 300 μg norethisterone (NET) minipill. I. Daily steroid levels in 43 subjects during a pretreatment cycle and during the second month of NET administration publication-title: Contraception – volume: 44 start-page: 522 year: 1974 end-page: 525 ident: BIB13 article-title: Evaluation of ovulation and corpus luteum function using measurements of plasma progesterone publication-title: Obstet. Gynecol. – volume: 4 start-page: 173 year: 1975 end-page: 182 ident: BIB3 article-title: A rapid 5-hour radioimmunoassay of progesterone and oestradiol in human plasma publication-title: Clin. Endocr. – volume: 79 start-page: 363 year: 1972 end-page: 372 ident: BIB14 article-title: Plasma progesterone concentrations as an index of ovulation and corpus luteum function in normal and gonadotrophin-stimulated menstrual cycles publication-title: J. Obstet. Gynecol. Br. Cwlth. – volume: 112 start-page: 1043 year: 1972 end-page: 1046 ident: BIB15 article-title: Single luteal phase serum progesterone assay as an indicator of ovulation publication-title: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. – volume: 90 start-page: 585 year: 1979 end-page: 598 ident: BIB7 article-title: Biologically active luteinizing hormone (LH) in plasma. III. Validation of the publication-title: Acta Endocr. (Copenh.) – volume: 21 start-page: 122 year: 1967 end-page: 128 ident: BIB11 article-title: Indices of obesity derived from body weight and height publication-title: Brit. J. Prev. Soc. Med. – volume: 94 start-page: 89 year: 1980 end-page: 98 ident: BIB8 article-title: Hormonal profile of the cycle in 68 normally menstruating women publication-title: Acta Endocr. (Copenh.) – volume: 109 start-page: 169 year: 1981 end-page: 174 ident: BIB4 article-title: On the validity of a levonorgestrel radioimmunoassay publication-title: Clin. Chem. Acta – volume: 22 start-page: 241 year: 1980 end-page: 245 ident: BIB9 article-title: “Escape” ovulation in women due to the missing of low dose combination oral contraceptive pills publication-title: Contraception – volume: 20 start-page: 61 year: 1979 end-page: 67 ident: BIB10 article-title: Studies on low dose oral contraceptives, plasma hormone changes in relation to deliberate pill (Microgynon 30') omission publication-title: Contraception – volume: 6 start-page: 545 year: 1982 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB2 article-title: Hormonal consequenses of “missing the pill” publication-title: Contraception doi: 10.1016/0010-7824(82)90131-7 – volume: 4 start-page: 173 year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB3 article-title: A rapid 5-hour radioimmunoassay of progesterone and oestradiol in human plasma publication-title: Clin. 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(Copenh.) – volume: 83 start-page: 454 year: 1976 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB6 article-title: Biologically active luteinizing hormone (LH) in plasma. I. Validation of the in vitro bioassay when applied to plasma of women publication-title: Acta Endocr. (Copenh.) – volume: 109 start-page: 169 year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB4 article-title: On the validity of a levonorgestrel radioimmunoassay publication-title: Clin. Chem. Acta doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(81)90331-4 – volume: 94 start-page: 89 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB8 article-title: Hormonal profile of the cycle in 68 normally menstruating women publication-title: Acta Endocr. (Copenh.) – volume: 22 start-page: 241 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB9 article-title: “Escape” ovulation in women due to the missing of low dose combination oral contraceptive pills publication-title: Contraception doi: 10.1016/S0010-7824(80)80003-5 – volume: 24 start-page: 29 year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB16 article-title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with vaginal devices releasing norethisterone at a constant, near zero order publication-title: Contraception doi: 10.1016/0010-7824(81)90066-4 – volume: 44 start-page: 522 year: 1974 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB13 article-title: Evaluation of ovulation and corpus luteum function using measurements of plasma progesterone publication-title: Obstet. Gynecol. – volume: 1 start-page: 87 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB1 article-title: Hormonal effects of the 300 μg norethisterone (NET) minipill. I. Daily steroid levels in 43 subjects during a pretreatment cycle and during the second month of NET administration publication-title: Contraception doi: 10.1016/0010-7824(80)90142-0 – start-page: 1 year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB12 article-title: How normal is the normal cycle? – volume: 90 start-page: 585 year: 1979 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB7 article-title: Biologically active luteinizing hormone (LH) in plasma. III. Validation of the in vitro bioassay when applied to male plasma and the possible role of steroidal precursors publication-title: Acta Endocr. (Copenh.) – volume: 20 start-page: 61 year: 1979 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB10 article-title: Studies on low dose oral contraceptives, plasma hormone changes in relation to deliberate pill (Microgynon 30') omission publication-title: Contraception doi: 10.1016/0010-7824(79)90045-3 – volume: 21 start-page: 122 year: 1967 ident: 10.1016/0010-7824(84)90017-9_BIB11 article-title: Indices of obesity derived from body weight and height publication-title: Brit. J. Prev. Soc. Med. |
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