Achieving Homogeneous Microstructure and Superior Properties in High-N Austenitic Stainless Steel via a Novel Atmosphere-Switching Method
Powder metallurgy is widely used to fabricate high-nitrogen, nickel-free austenitic stainless steel. However, after sintering and nitriding, additional solution treatment is typically required to achieve uniform nitrogen distribution and a homogeneous austenite phase. This work proposes a novel meth...
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Published in | Metals (Basel ) Vol. 14; no. 7; p. 795 |
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Abstract | Powder metallurgy is widely used to fabricate high-nitrogen, nickel-free austenitic stainless steel. However, after sintering and nitriding, additional solution treatment is typically required to achieve uniform nitrogen distribution and a homogeneous austenite phase. This work proposes a novel method to eliminate the need for lengthy and high-temperature solution treatment by switching the nitrogen atmosphere to argon during the cooling process. The effects of different N2-Ar atmosphere-switching temperatures (750–1320 °C) on the phase composition, element distribution, microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the studied steels were systematically investigated. Results show that cooling in the N2 atmosphere initially transforms the matrix to a fully austenitic structure enriched with nitrogen. Excessive nitrogen infiltration leads to Cr2N precipitation, inducing partial austenite decomposition and forming a multiphase structure comprising austenite, α-Fe, and Cr2N. Strategic switching from N2 to Ar reverses this reaction, yielding a high-nitrogen, chemically uniform austenitic structure. Specifically, switching at 1150 °C, the steel exhibits excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, with a yield strength of 749 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 1030 MPa, an elongation of 38.7%, and a corrosion current of 0.06 mA/cm2, outperforming the steels cooled solely in N2 and subsequently solution-treated. This novel method offers advantages in cost reduction, energy saving, and operational effectiveness, highlighting its potential for broad industrial application. |
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AbstractList | Powder metallurgy is widely used to fabricate high-nitrogen, nickel-free austenitic stainless steel. However, after sintering and nitriding, additional solution treatment is typically required to achieve uniform nitrogen distribution and a homogeneous austenite phase. This work proposes a novel method to eliminate the need for lengthy and high-temperature solution treatment by switching the nitrogen atmosphere to argon during the cooling process. The effects of different N2-Ar atmosphere-switching temperatures (750–1320 °C) on the phase composition, element distribution, microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the studied steels were systematically investigated. Results show that cooling in the N2 atmosphere initially transforms the matrix to a fully austenitic structure enriched with nitrogen. Excessive nitrogen infiltration leads to Cr2N precipitation, inducing partial austenite decomposition and forming a multiphase structure comprising austenite, α-Fe, and Cr2N. Strategic switching from N2 to Ar reverses this reaction, yielding a high-nitrogen, chemically uniform austenitic structure. Specifically, switching at 1150 °C, the steel exhibits excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, with a yield strength of 749 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 1030 MPa, an elongation of 38.7%, and a corrosion current of 0.06 mA/cm2, outperforming the steels cooled solely in N2 and subsequently solution-treated. This novel method offers advantages in cost reduction, energy saving, and operational effectiveness, highlighting its potential for broad industrial application. |
Author | Peng, Zhengwu Gao, Jixiang Zhang, Weipeng Huang, Chengcheng Li, Zhuoran Li, Liejun Zou, Liming |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Weipeng orcidid: 0000-0002-0654-9454 surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Weipeng – sequence: 2 givenname: Liejun surname: Li fullname: Li, Liejun – sequence: 3 givenname: Chengcheng surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Chengcheng – sequence: 4 givenname: Jixiang surname: Gao fullname: Gao, Jixiang – sequence: 5 givenname: Liming surname: Zou fullname: Zou, Liming – sequence: 6 givenname: Zhuoran surname: Li fullname: Li, Zhuoran – sequence: 7 givenname: Zhengwu surname: Peng fullname: Peng, Zhengwu |
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SubjectTerms | Alpha iron Argon atmosphere switching Austenite Austenitic stainless steels Cooling Corrosion currents Corrosion effects Corrosion resistance Corrosion resistant steels Decomposition reactions Electrodes Elongated structure High temperature high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel Industrial applications Mechanical properties Microstructure microstructure optimization nitriding Nitrogen Phase composition Powder metallurgy Sintering Sintering (powder metallurgy) Solid solutions Solution heat treatment solution treatment Stainless steel Switching Temperature Ultimate tensile strength |
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