Age-Related Dynamics of Crossmodal Priming

The study is aimed at studying at determining the temporal dynamics of crossmodal priming in preschool children. The study involved 60 children aged 4 to 6 years (M = 5.6; SD = 1.2) and 20 adult subjects aged 17 to 23 years (M = 20.4; SD = 2.6). The priming paradigm was used as a research model. In...

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Published inÈksperimentalʹnaâ psihologiâ Vol. 15; no. 4; pp. 84 - 98
Main Authors Cherenkova, L.V., Sokolova, L.V.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Russian
Published Moscow State University of Psychology and Education 01.02.2023
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Abstract The study is aimed at studying at determining the temporal dynamics of crossmodal priming in preschool children. The study involved 60 children aged 4 to 6 years (M = 5.6; SD = 1.2) and 20 adult subjects aged 17 to 23 years (M = 20.4; SD = 2.6). The priming paradigm was used as a research model. In this study, we determined the influence of a priori visual stimulation on the speed and accuracy of identification of test sounds, depending on the congruence of their combination with visual objects and the interval between the test and prime stimuli. In the course of the study, it was found that in 4-year-old children, a priori visual information leads to a decrease in the accuracy and speed of reaction to test sound stimuli - a negative priming effect. The magnitude of the negative priming effect decreases with an increase in the interval between prime and test stimuli. In 5-year-old children, the number of errors increases only when incongruent combinations of stimuli are presented - a negative priming effect. On the contrary, the reaction time decreases only in congruent trials with when the test stimulus is delayed relative to the prime by 150-500 ms - a positive priming effect. In 6-year-old children and adults, the accuracy of the reaction does not change, and the reaction rate significantly increases in congruent trials positive priming effect) and decreases in incongruent trials (negative priming effect). The observed dynamics of changes in the interaction of sound and visual stimulation testifies to the formation of mechanisms of attention and multisensory integration in preschool children. Работа посвящена изучению временной динамики кроссмодального прайминга у детей дошкольного возраста. В исследовании приняли участие 60 детей в возрасте от 4 до 6 лет (M=5,6; SD=1,2) и 20 взрослых испытуемых в возрасте от 17 до 23 лет (M=20,4; SD=2,6). В качестве модели исследования использовали прайминг-парадигму, с помощью которой определяли влияние предваряющей зрительной стимуляции на скорость и точность идентификации тестовых звуков в зависимости от конгруэнтности их сочетания со зрительными объектами и интервала между тестовым и прайм-стимулами. В ходе исследования было установлено, что у детей 4 лет точность и скорость реакции снижается во всех попытках, а с увеличением межстимульного интервала величина отрицательного прайминг-эффекта снижается. У детей пяти лет число ошибок увеличивается только в ответ на предъявление неконгруэнтных сочетаний стимулов, а время реакции уменьшается только в конгруэнтных пробах и только при значениях межстимульных интервалов от 150 до 500 мс. У детей 6 лет и взрослых испытуемых точность реакции не изменяется, а скорость реакции достоверно возрастает в конгруэнтных пробах и уменьшается при некогруентных сочетаниях в зависимости от величины межстимульного интервала. Наблюдаемая динамика изменения взаимодействия звуковой и зрительной стимуляции свидетельствует о формировании механизмов межсенсорной интеграции и внимания в рассматриваемый период детства.
AbstractList The study is aimed at studying at determining the temporal dynamics of crossmodal priming in preschool children. The study involved 60 children aged 4 to 6 years (M = 5.6; SD = 1.2) and 20 adult subjects aged 17 to 23 years (M = 20.4; SD = 2.6). The priming paradigm was used as a research model. In this study, we determined the influence of a priori visual stimulation on the speed and accuracy of identification of test sounds, depending on the congruence of their combination with visual objects and the interval between the test and prime stimuli. In the course of the study, it was found that in 4-year-old children, a priori visual information leads to a decrease in the accuracy and speed of reaction to test sound stimuli - a negative priming effect. The magnitude of the negative priming effect decreases with an increase in the interval between prime and test stimuli. In 5-year-old children, the number of errors increases only when incongruent combinations of stimuli are presented - a negative priming effect. On the contrary, the reaction time decreases only in congruent trials with when the test stimulus is delayed relative to the prime by 150-500 ms - a positive priming effect. In 6-year-old children and adults, the accuracy of the reaction does not change, and the reaction rate significantly increases in congruent trials positive priming effect) and decreases in incongruent trials (negative priming effect). The observed dynamics of changes in the interaction of sound and visual stimulation testifies to the formation of mechanisms of attention and multisensory integration in preschool children.
The study is aimed at studying at determining the temporal dynamics of crossmodal priming in preschool children. The study involved 60 children aged 4 to 6 years (M = 5.6; SD = 1.2) and 20 adult subjects aged 17 to 23 years (M = 20.4; SD = 2.6). The priming paradigm was used as a research model. In this study, we determined the influence of a priori visual stimulation on the speed and accuracy of identification of test sounds, depending on the congruence of their combination with visual objects and the interval between the test and prime stimuli. In the course of the study, it was found that in 4-year-old children, a priori visual information leads to a decrease in the accuracy and speed of reaction to test sound stimuli - a negative priming effect. The magnitude of the negative priming effect decreases with an increase in the interval between prime and test stimuli. In 5-year-old children, the number of errors increases only when incongruent combinations of stimuli are presented - a negative priming effect. On the contrary, the reaction time decreases only in congruent trials with when the test stimulus is delayed relative to the prime by 150-500 ms - a positive priming effect. In 6-year-old children and adults, the accuracy of the reaction does not change, and the reaction rate significantly increases in congruent trials positive priming effect) and decreases in incongruent trials (negative priming effect). The observed dynamics of changes in the interaction of sound and visual stimulation testifies to the formation of mechanisms of attention and multisensory integration in preschool children. Работа посвящена изучению временной динамики кроссмодального прайминга у детей дошкольного возраста. В исследовании приняли участие 60 детей в возрасте от 4 до 6 лет (M=5,6; SD=1,2) и 20 взрослых испытуемых в возрасте от 17 до 23 лет (M=20,4; SD=2,6). В качестве модели исследования использовали прайминг-парадигму, с помощью которой определяли влияние предваряющей зрительной стимуляции на скорость и точность идентификации тестовых звуков в зависимости от конгруэнтности их сочетания со зрительными объектами и интервала между тестовым и прайм-стимулами. В ходе исследования было установлено, что у детей 4 лет точность и скорость реакции снижается во всех попытках, а с увеличением межстимульного интервала величина отрицательного прайминг-эффекта снижается. У детей пяти лет число ошибок увеличивается только в ответ на предъявление неконгруэнтных сочетаний стимулов, а время реакции уменьшается только в конгруэнтных пробах и только при значениях межстимульных интервалов от 150 до 500 мс. У детей 6 лет и взрослых испытуемых точность реакции не изменяется, а скорость реакции достоверно возрастает в конгруэнтных пробах и уменьшается при некогруентных сочетаниях в зависимости от величины межстимульного интервала. Наблюдаемая динамика изменения взаимодействия звуковой и зрительной стимуляции свидетельствует о формировании механизмов межсенсорной интеграции и внимания в рассматриваемый период детства.
Author Sokolova, L.V.
Cherenkova, L.V.
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