Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. There are two COX isoforms: COX-1 is constitutively expressed in a number of cell types and is involved in the homeostatic functions of prostaglandins, whereas COX-2 is inducible by a variety of proinflammatory stimuli,...
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Published in | Medicina clínica Vol. 121; no. 19; p. 743 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Spanish |
Published |
Spain
29.11.2003
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Abstract | Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. There are two COX isoforms: COX-1 is constitutively expressed in a number of cell types and is involved in the homeostatic functions of prostaglandins, whereas COX-2 is inducible by a variety of proinflammatory stimuli, such as cytokines and lipopolysaccharide. In the liver, COX-2 and prostaglandins production has been implicated in hepatic regeneration, liver matrix remodeling and portal hypertension. In animal models of alcoholic-induced liver disease has been demonstrated its relation with necro-inflammatory activity. In viral hepatitis, hepatocellular COX-2 expression was observed and associated with fibrosis progression. More interestingly it has been the demonstration of COX-2 role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, such in experimental models as in human samples. It has also been demonstrated that COX-2 was implicated in carcinogenesis through apoptosis inhibition and increased proliferation of human tumor cells. Experimental evidences show that selective pharmacologic inhibition of COX-2 could be useful in chemoprevention of primary liver tumors. |
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AbstractList | Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. There are two COX isoforms: COX-1 is constitutively expressed in a number of cell types and is involved in the homeostatic functions of prostaglandins, whereas COX-2 is inducible by a variety of proinflammatory stimuli, such as cytokines and lipopolysaccharide. In the liver, COX-2 and prostaglandins production has been implicated in hepatic regeneration, liver matrix remodeling and portal hypertension. In animal models of alcoholic-induced liver disease has been demonstrated its relation with necro-inflammatory activity. In viral hepatitis, hepatocellular COX-2 expression was observed and associated with fibrosis progression. More interestingly it has been the demonstration of COX-2 role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, such in experimental models as in human samples. It has also been demonstrated that COX-2 was implicated in carcinogenesis through apoptosis inhibition and increased proliferation of human tumor cells. Experimental evidences show that selective pharmacologic inhibition of COX-2 could be useful in chemoprevention of primary liver tumors. |
Author | García Monzón, Carmelo Clemente Ricote, Gerardo Núñez Martínez, Oscar |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Oscar surname: Núñez Martínez fullname: Núñez Martínez, Oscar organization: Instituto de Hepatología Clínica-Experimental y Trasplante Hepático, Unidad Funcional Interhospitalaria Gregorio Marañón-Santa Cristina, Madrid, España – sequence: 2 givenname: Gerardo surname: Clemente Ricote fullname: Clemente Ricote, Gerardo – sequence: 3 givenname: Carmelo surname: García Monzón fullname: García Monzón, Carmelo |
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Snippet | Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. There are two COX isoforms: COX-1 is constitutively expressed in a number of... |
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SubjectTerms | Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - pharmacology Chronic Disease Cyclooxygenase 2 Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - pharmacology Isoenzymes - physiology Liver - enzymology Liver - pathology Liver Diseases - enzymology Liver Diseases - pathology Liver Diseases - therapy Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases - physiology Prostaglandins - metabolism |
Title | Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases |
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