Effet du biochar sur la biodisponibilité du phosphore dans un sol limoneux acide
Effect of biochar on phosphorus bioavailability in an acidic silt loam soil Description of the subject. This paper deals with the impact of biochar on soil phosphorus (P) bioavailability with a view to improving the management of P fertilization. Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore the...
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Published in | Biotechnologie, agronomie, société et environnement Vol. 21; no. 3; pp. 209 - 217 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux
08.08.2017
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Abstract | Effect of biochar on phosphorus bioavailability in an acidic silt loam soil Description of the subject. This paper deals with the impact of biochar on soil phosphorus (P) bioavailability with a view to improving the management of P fertilization. Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of biochar to increase P bioavailability in soil. The specific objectives were to elucidate the role of feedstock and the rate of application of biochar on P solubility. Method. Three biochars produced from different feedstocks (Miscanthus straws, coffee husks and woody material) were added to an acidic Luvisol at two rates of application (1% and 3%; w/w). At the end of a 76-day incubation period, P bioavailability was assessed (0.01 M CaCl2 extraction). Soil physico-chemical properties and the amount of CO2 emitted over the incubation period were also determined. Results. The wood-derived biochar applied at 3% was the only treatment that increased significantly P bioavailability (+ 75%). This increase might result from the release of P by biochar itself (direct effect) but also from an enhanced P solubility in soil (indirect effect) related to a large increase in pH (+3.6 units compared to the control) and a higher soil biological activity. The other treatments had no significant impact on soil P bioavailability, probably as a result of their minor effect on soil pH. Conclusions. Our study shows that biochar-induced changes in P bioavailability in soil varied greatly with type of feedstock and rate of application. However, the balance between the direct and indirect effects of biochar on P bioavailability was not elucidated. Further investigations are thus essential to clarify the potential of biochar to improve P bioavailability in the soil-plant system.
Description du sujet. Cet article traite de l’impact du biochar sur la biodisponibilité en phosphore (P) dans les sols en vue d’améliorer la gestion et l’autonomie de la fertilisation en P des cultures. Objectifs. L’objectif général était d’explorer le potentiel du biochar à augmenter la biodisponibilité du P dans le sol. Les objectifs spécifiques étaient de préciser l’influence de la biomasse pyrolysée ainsi que la dose de biochar appliquée sur la solubilité du P. Méthode. Trois biochars produits à partir de biomasses différentes (résidus de Miscanthus, de bois et de café) ont été incorporés dans un Luvisol (pH acide) selon deux doses (1 et 3 % en masse). Après 76 jours d’incubation, la biodisponibilité du P a été estimée (extraction au CaCl2 0,01 M). Les propriétés physico-chimiques du sol et la quantité de CO2 émise durant la période d’incubation ont également été déterminées. Résultats. Seul le biochar produit à partir de résidus de bois et incorporé à une dose de 3 % a augmenté la concentration en P biodisponible dans le sol (+ 75 %). Cette augmentation résulterait non seulement d’une libération de P par le biochar lui-même (effet direct), mais également d’une remobilisation du P du sol (effet indirect) faisant suite à l’élévation drastique du pH (+ 3,6 unités) ainsi qu’à l’augmentation de l’activité biologique. Pour les autres traitements, l’absence d’effet significatif sur la biodisponibilité du P résulte vraisemblablement de leur faible impact sur le pH du sol, celui-ci restant dans une gamme (4,3 – 5,1) favorisant l’insolubilisation du P. Conclusions. Étant donné la variabilité des résultats et les incertitudes concernant les mécanismes responsables de la mobilisation du P en présence de biochar, il est essentiel de conduire des études complémentaires afin de mieux comprendre l’impact du biochar sur la mobilité du P dans les systèmes sol-plante. |
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AbstractList | Effect of biochar on phosphorus bioavailability in an acidic silt loam soil. Description of the subject. This paper deals with the impact of biochar on soil phosphorus (P) bioavailability with a view to improving the management of P fertilization. Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of biochar to increase P bioavailability in soil. The specific objectives were to elucidate the role of feedstock and the rate of application of biochar on P solubility. Method. Three biochars produced from different feedstocks (Miscanthus straws, coffee husks and woody material) were added to an acidic Luvisol at two rates of application (1% and 3%; w/w). At the end of a 76-day incubation period, P bioavailability was assessed (0.01 M CaCl2 extraction). Soil physico-chemical properties and the amount of CO2 emitted over the incubation period were also determined. Results. The wood-derived biochar applied at 3% was the only treatment that increased significantly P bioavailability (+ 75%). This increase might result from the release of P by biochar itself (direct effect) but also from an enhanced P solubility in soil (indirect effect) related to a large increase in pH (+3.6 units compared to the control) and a higher soil biological activity. The other treatments had no significant impact on soil P bioavailability, probably as a result of their minor effect on soil pH. Conclusions. Our study shows that biochar-induced changes in P bioavailability in soil varied greatly with type of feedstock and rate of application. However, the balance between the direct and indirect effects of biochar on P bioavailability was not elucidated. Further investigations are thus essential to clarify the potential of biochar to improve P bioavailability in the soil-plant system. Effect of biochar on phosphorus bioavailability in an acidic silt loam soil Description of the subject. This paper deals with the impact of biochar on soil phosphorus (P) bioavailability with a view to improving the management of P fertilization. Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of biochar to increase P bioavailability in soil. The specific objectives were to elucidate the role of feedstock and the rate of application of biochar on P solubility. Method. Three biochars produced from different feedstocks (Miscanthus straws, coffee husks and woody material) were added to an acidic Luvisol at two rates of application (1% and 3%; w/w). At the end of a 76-day incubation period, P bioavailability was assessed (0.01 M CaCl2 extraction). Soil physico-chemical properties and the amount of CO2 emitted over the incubation period were also determined. Results. The wood-derived biochar applied at 3% was the only treatment that increased significantly P bioavailability (+ 75%). This increase might result from the release of P by biochar itself (direct effect) but also from an enhanced P solubility in soil (indirect effect) related to a large increase in pH (+3.6 units compared to the control) and a higher soil biological activity. The other treatments had no significant impact on soil P bioavailability, probably as a result of their minor effect on soil pH. Conclusions. Our study shows that biochar-induced changes in P bioavailability in soil varied greatly with type of feedstock and rate of application. However, the balance between the direct and indirect effects of biochar on P bioavailability was not elucidated. Further investigations are thus essential to clarify the potential of biochar to improve P bioavailability in the soil-plant system. Description du sujet. Cet article traite de l’impact du biochar sur la biodisponibilité en phosphore (P) dans les sols en vue d’améliorer la gestion et l’autonomie de la fertilisation en P des cultures. Objectifs. L’objectif général était d’explorer le potentiel du biochar à augmenter la biodisponibilité du P dans le sol. Les objectifs spécifiques étaient de préciser l’influence de la biomasse pyrolysée ainsi que la dose de biochar appliquée sur la solubilité du P. Méthode. Trois biochars produits à partir de biomasses différentes (résidus de Miscanthus, de bois et de café) ont été incorporés dans un Luvisol (pH acide) selon deux doses (1 et 3 % en masse). Après 76 jours d’incubation, la biodisponibilité du P a été estimée (extraction au CaCl2 0,01 M). Les propriétés physico-chimiques du sol et la quantité de CO2 émise durant la période d’incubation ont également été déterminées. Résultats. Seul le biochar produit à partir de résidus de bois et incorporé à une dose de 3 % a augmenté la concentration en P biodisponible dans le sol (+ 75 %). Cette augmentation résulterait non seulement d’une libération de P par le biochar lui-même (effet direct), mais également d’une remobilisation du P du sol (effet indirect) faisant suite à l’élévation drastique du pH (+ 3,6 unités) ainsi qu’à l’augmentation de l’activité biologique. Pour les autres traitements, l’absence d’effet significatif sur la biodisponibilité du P résulte vraisemblablement de leur faible impact sur le pH du sol, celui-ci restant dans une gamme (4,3 – 5,1) favorisant l’insolubilisation du P. Conclusions. Étant donné la variabilité des résultats et les incertitudes concernant les mécanismes responsables de la mobilisation du P en présence de biochar, il est essentiel de conduire des études complémentaires afin de mieux comprendre l’impact du biochar sur la mobilité du P dans les systèmes sol-plante. |
Author | Hardy, Brieuc Cornelis, Jean-Thomas Faucon, Michel-Pierre Houben, David |
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Keywords | Phosphorus Phosphorus soil fertility bioavailability carbon sequestration soil fertility bioavailability carbon sequestration |
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Title | Effet du biochar sur la biodisponibilité du phosphore dans un sol limoneux acide |
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