Stages of research and development of therapeutic approaches for Duchenne myodystrophy. Part I: the period before etiotropic approaches introduction
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is one of the most common inherited muscular dystrophies. The cause of this disease with an X‑linked recessive type of inheritance is mutations of the DMD gene, leading to the absence of the dystrophin protein this gene encodes or its impaired function. Loss of dystrophin...
Saved in:
| Published in | Nervno-myshechnye bolezni Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 51 - 62 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Russian |
| Published |
ABV-press
01.03.2024
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Duchenne muscular dystrophy is one of the most common inherited muscular dystrophies. The cause of this disease with an X‑linked recessive type of inheritance is mutations of the
DMD
gene, leading to the absence of the dystrophin protein this gene encodes or its impaired function. Loss of dystrophin leads to severe degenerative processes in patients, especially in muscle tissue, with impaired muscle function, loss of ability to move independently, respiratory failure, cardiomyopathies, etc.
More than 160 years have passed since the work of Guillaume‑Benjamin‑Armand Duchenne in the 19
th
century. Despite the efforts of many researchers who have developed various therapeutic approaches designed to alleviate the condition of patients if not cure it, few of them have significantly changed the course of the disease. Different approaches related to specific therapy of ischemia and fibrosis in affected muscles, correction of hormonal regulation of muscle tissue growth, therapeutic methods aimed at preventing damaged myocytes from excessive accumulation of calcium ions, which enhance proteolytic processes, suppression of oxidative stress in muscles, etc. have not yet shown high effectiveness both independently and in combination with glucocorticoids. The introduction of corticosteroid drugs made it possible to slow down disease development, but the average survival still does not exceed 30–40 years and patients spend many of them in a wheelchair. At the same time, the patients’ quality of life can be additionally diminished due to the common corticosteroids’ side effects. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Duchenne muscular dystrophy is one of the most common inherited muscular dystrophies. The cause of this disease with an X‑linked recessive type of inheritance is mutations of the DMD gene, leading to the absence of the dystrophin protein this gene encodes or its impaired function. Loss of dystrophin leads to severe degenerative processes in patients, especially in muscle tissue, with impaired muscle function, loss of ability to move independently, respiratory failure, cardiomyopathies, etc.More than 160 years have passed since the work of Guillaume‑Benjamin‑Armand Duchenne in the 19th century. Despite the efforts of many researchers who have developed various therapeutic approaches designed to alleviate the condition of patients if not cure it, few of them have significantly changed the course of the disease. Different approaches related to specific therapy of ischemia and fibrosis in affected muscles, correction of hormonal regulation of muscle tissue growth, therapeutic methods aimed at preventing damaged myocytes from excessive accumulation of calcium ions, which enhance proteolytic processes, suppression of oxidative stress in muscles, etc. have not yet shown high effectiveness both independently and in combination with glucocorticoids. The introduction of corticosteroid drugs made it possible to slow down disease development, but the average survival still does not exceed 30–40 years and patients spend many of them in a wheelchair. At the same time, the patients’ quality of life can be additionally diminished due to the common corticosteroids’ side effects. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is one of the most common inherited muscular dystrophies. The cause of this disease with an X‑linked recessive type of inheritance is mutations of the DMD gene, leading to the absence of the dystrophin protein this gene encodes or its impaired function. Loss of dystrophin leads to severe degenerative processes in patients, especially in muscle tissue, with impaired muscle function, loss of ability to move independently, respiratory failure, cardiomyopathies, etc. More than 160 years have passed since the work of Guillaume‑Benjamin‑Armand Duchenne in the 19 th century. Despite the efforts of many researchers who have developed various therapeutic approaches designed to alleviate the condition of patients if not cure it, few of them have significantly changed the course of the disease. Different approaches related to specific therapy of ischemia and fibrosis in affected muscles, correction of hormonal regulation of muscle tissue growth, therapeutic methods aimed at preventing damaged myocytes from excessive accumulation of calcium ions, which enhance proteolytic processes, suppression of oxidative stress in muscles, etc. have not yet shown high effectiveness both independently and in combination with glucocorticoids. The introduction of corticosteroid drugs made it possible to slow down disease development, but the average survival still does not exceed 30–40 years and patients spend many of them in a wheelchair. At the same time, the patients’ quality of life can be additionally diminished due to the common corticosteroids’ side effects. |
| Author | Smirnikhina, S. A. Kochergin-Nikitskiy, K. S. Lavrov, A. V. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: K. S. orcidid: 0000-0002-0096-4542 surname: Kochergin-Nikitskiy fullname: Kochergin-Nikitskiy, K. S. organization: Research Centre for Medical Genetics – sequence: 2 givenname: S. A. orcidid: 0000-0002-1558-3048 surname: Smirnikhina fullname: Smirnikhina, S. A. organization: Research Centre for Medical Genetics – sequence: 3 givenname: A. V. orcidid: 0000-0003-4962-6947 surname: Lavrov fullname: Lavrov, A. V. organization: Research Centre for Medical Genetics |
| BookMark | eNpVUdtKAzEQDaJgrf2H4Htqks1l0zept4KgoD6HNJltt7SbJbsV-h9-sNl6ATMDM5k558BwLtBpExtA6IrRKdNK0mueHyk1Z4RTLgjLSSQjip-gEResIFSI4jT3v7hzNOm6DaV04BshR-jztXcr6HCscIIOXPJr7JqAA3zANrY7aPph168huRb2fe2xa9sUnV9nVhUTvt3ntmkA7w4xHLo-xXZ9mOIXl3q8mA1M3EKqY8BLyHjA0NdxQP2Xqps8C3ufl80lOqvctoPJTx2j9_u7t_kjeXp-WMxvnohnynDiBfcGpDRKeVFqo3gODzrkn6pYKCmXFS8Cd1BKWgapmAlKQwCv9FL7YowW37ohuo1tU71z6WCjq-1xENPK5itqvwWrDA2lAOONWAq61CaA1iX31JhKyFBmrdm3lk-x6xJUf3qM2qNddrDBDjbYwS7LclrJrOLFFwOwjTU |
| Cites_doi | 10.1002/mus.10355 10.1002/mus.880111110 10.1002/mus.880080904 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318207afeb 10.1016/S0387-7604(82)80007-7 10.1016/S0140-6736(82)92063-3 10.1136/bmj.2.5414.915 10.1371/currents.md.e1e8f2be7c949f9ffe81ec6fca1cce6a 10.1212/WNL.54.9.1848 10.1002/humu.22758 10.46563/2686-8997-2021-2-1-38-50 10.1016/S0006-291X(87)80100-6 10.1016/B978-0-323-24485-5.00442-3 10.1212/WNL.43.3_Part_1.520 10.1038/sj.embor.7400221 10.1016/0006-2944(73)90066-5 10.1007/s00198-010-1275-5 10.1002/mus.22127 10.1002/mus.22047 10.1146/annurev.bi.54.070185.004151 10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.07.026 10.1016/j.nmd.2012.07.009 10.1212/01.WNL.0000287070.00149.a9 10.1016/0925-4439(95)00040-B 10.1002/14651858.CD004571.pub2 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70196-4 10.1007/BF01720830 10.1515/JPEM.2001.14.2.211 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31824c46be 10.14341/omet2012233-42 10.1056/NEJMoa040933 10.1212/01.WNL.0000125178.18862.9D 10.1007/s00439-009-0679-9 10.1056/NEJM198906153202405 10.1001/archinte.1961.03620020095009 10.1001/archneur.1991.00530160047012 10.3233/JND-230019 10.7600/jpfsm.2.423 10.1016/0009-8981(95)06164-9 10.1016/0306-3623(90)90459-Y 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1964.tb07269.x 10.1002/humu.20976 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701484 10.1002/mus.26191 10.1203/01.PDR.0000145578.01985.D0 10.1002/mus.26846 10.1016/S0195-668X(02)00740-6 10.1152/physrev.00028.2001 10.1001/archneur.1983.04050050062009 10.1212/01.WNL.0000118530.71646.0F 10.1002/mus.880020108 10.1186/s13023-020-01430-8 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008168 10.1136/jnnp.51.12.1551 10.1056/NEJM197910043011414 10.1016/0006-291X(69)90253-8 10.1177/2333794X19835661 10.1002/mus.880090412 10.1001/archneur.1979.00500410044005 10.1212/WNL.43.3_Part_1.532 10.1093/hmg/ddx173 10.1002/mus.880170405 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1455 10.1212/WNL.35.1.61 10.1002/mus.880040216 10.1126/science.6450446 10.1002/ana.10385 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199711)20:11<1422::AID-MUS10>3.3.CO;2-N 10.1093/hmg/ddt352 10.1073/pnas.250379497 10.1097/00005768-200110000-00010 10.1172/JCI106904 10.1002/mus.20812 10.1056/NEJM197807132990216 10.1203/00006450-199802000-00011 10.1212/WNL.38.4.609 10.1038/nature01154 10.1016/S0002-9149(02)03429-X 10.1001/archneur.1987.00520200016010 10.1002/mus.880110807 10.1212/WNL.56.8.1075 10.1007/BF00269094 10.1002/mus.25268 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004570 10.1002/ana.20523 10.1186/s40360-016-0111-8 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32910-1 10.1002/mus.880150316 10.1016/0026-0495(78)90161-0 10.1136/jmg.21.4.254 10.1212/WNL.31.4_Part_2.422 10.4236/ojemd.2014.48020 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.02.010 10.1002/mus.880100106 10.1002/ajmg.1320100313 10.7554/eLife.62760 10.3233/JND-170280 10.1007/s11064-011-0683-z 10.1016/0378-4274(95)03557-5 10.1136/jnnp.26.2.111 10.1002/1097-4598(200009)23:9<1344::AID-MUS4>3.0.CO;2-F 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.05.002 10.1093/qjmed/hcs001 10.1210/jc.2013-2103 10.3233/JND-210776 10.1111/ejn.13249 10.3390/sports7050096 10.1007/978-1-4615-9140-5_29 10.1007/s10654-020-00613-8 10.1093/hmg/11.21.2645 10.1212/WNL.41.12.1874 10.1177/00359157770700S329 10.1212/WNL.28.5.439 10.1016/j.mri.2010.03.008 10.1093/ajcn/83.4.823 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.07.014 10.1002/mus.880060403 10.3390/nu7125498 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90471-9 10.1590/0004-282x20190088 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION DOA |
| DOI | 10.17650/2222-8721-2024-14-1-51-62 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 2413-0443 |
| EndPage | 62 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_690d84e9c94b40b79de7782c099f45d8 10_17650_2222_8721_2024_14_1_51_62 |
| GroupedDBID | 5VS 642 7X7 8FI 8FJ AAYXX ABDBF ABUWG ADBBV AFKRA ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BCNDV BENPR BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU CITATION EAP ESX FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ HMCUK M~E PIMPY PQQKQ RIG UKHRP |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c1692-c42c9e55966c487962626ce7dc486f1d8025f23d2ae8508d5619d67edec67b7c3 |
| IEDL.DBID | DOA |
| ISSN | 2222-8721 |
| IngestDate | Mon Oct 21 19:39:19 EDT 2024 Fri Aug 23 00:37:55 EDT 2024 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 1 |
| Language | English Russian |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c1692-c42c9e55966c487962626ce7dc486f1d8025f23d2ae8508d5619d67edec67b7c3 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1558-3048 0000-0003-4962-6947 0000-0002-0096-4542 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doaj.org/article/690d84e9c94b40b79de7782c099f45d8 |
| PageCount | 12 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_690d84e9c94b40b79de7782c099f45d8 crossref_primary_10_17650_2222_8721_2024_14_1_51_62 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2024-03-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2024-03-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 03 year: 2024 text: 2024-03-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationTitle | Nervno-myshechnye bolezni |
| PublicationYear | 2024 |
| Publisher | ABV-press |
| Publisher_xml | – name: ABV-press |
| References | ref57 ref56 ref59 ref58 ref53 ref52 ref55 ref54 ref51 ref50 ref46 ref45 ref48 ref47 ref42 ref41 ref44 ref43 ref49 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 ref5 ref100 ref101 ref40 ref35 ref34 ref37 ref36 ref31 ref30 ref33 ref32 ref39 ref38 ref24 ref23 ref26 ref25 ref20 ref22 ref21 ref28 ref27 ref29 ref13 ref12 ref15 ref128 ref14 ref129 ref97 ref126 ref96 ref127 ref11 ref99 ref124 ref10 ref98 ref125 ref17 ref16 ref19 ref18 ref93 ref92 ref95 ref94 ref130 ref91 ref90 ref89 ref86 ref85 ref88 ref87 ref82 ref81 ref84 ref83 ref80 ref79 ref108 ref78 ref109 ref106 ref107 ref75 ref104 ref74 ref105 ref77 ref102 ref76 ref103 ref2 ref1 ref71 ref111 ref70 ref112 ref73 ref72 ref110 ref68 ref119 ref67 ref117 ref69 ref118 ref64 ref115 ref63 ref116 ref66 ref113 ref65 ref114 ref60 ref122 ref123 ref62 ref120 ref61 ref121 |
| References_xml | – ident: ref79 doi: 10.1002/mus.10355 – ident: ref115 doi: 10.1002/mus.880111110 – ident: ref57 doi: 10.1002/mus.880080904 – ident: ref91 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318207afeb – ident: ref53 doi: 10.1016/S0387-7604(82)80007-7 – ident: ref123 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(82)92063-3 – ident: ref44 doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5414.915 – ident: ref89 doi: 10.1371/currents.md.e1e8f2be7c949f9ffe81ec6fca1cce6a – ident: ref80 doi: 10.1212/WNL.54.9.1848 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1002/humu.22758 – ident: ref69 doi: 10.46563/2686-8997-2021-2-1-38-50 – ident: ref50 doi: 10.1016/S0006-291X(87)80100-6 – ident: ref112 doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-24485-5.00442-3 – ident: ref97 doi: 10.1212/WNL.43.3_Part_1.520 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400221 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1016/0006-2944(73)90066-5 – ident: ref72 doi: 10.1007/s00198-010-1275-5 – ident: ref119 doi: 10.1002/mus.22127 – ident: ref88 doi: 10.1002/mus.22047 – ident: ref76 doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.54.070185.004151 – ident: ref36 doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.07.026 – ident: ref33 doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2012.07.009 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000287070.00149.a9 – ident: ref87 doi: 10.1016/0925-4439(95)00040-B – ident: ref124 doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004571.pub2 – ident: ref108 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70196-4 – ident: ref127 doi: 10.1007/BF01720830 – ident: ref35 doi: 10.1515/JPEM.2001.14.2.211 – ident: ref117 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31824c46be – ident: ref71 doi: 10.14341/omet2012233-42 – ident: ref38 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040933 – ident: ref81 doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000125178.18862.9D – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1007/s00439-009-0679-9 – ident: ref94 doi: 10.1056/NEJM198906153202405 – ident: ref19 doi: 10.1001/archinte.1961.03620020095009 – ident: ref98 doi: 10.1001/archneur.1991.00530160047012 – ident: ref121 doi: 10.3233/JND-230019 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.7600/jpfsm.2.423 – ident: ref48 doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(95)06164-9 – ident: ref122 doi: 10.1016/0306-3623(90)90459-Y – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1964.tb07269.x – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1002/humu.20976 – ident: ref116 doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701484 – ident: ref100 doi: 10.1002/mus.26191 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1203/01.PDR.0000145578.01985.D0 – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1002/mus.26846 – ident: ref34 doi: 10.1016/S0195-668X(02)00740-6 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2001 – ident: ref56 doi: 10.1001/archneur.1983.04050050062009 – ident: ref31 doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000118530.71646.0F – ident: ref111 – ident: ref54 doi: 10.1002/mus.880020108 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1186/s13023-020-01430-8 – ident: ref110 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008168 – ident: ref52 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1136/jnnp.51.12.1551 – ident: ref59 doi: 10.1056/NEJM197910043011414 – ident: ref77 doi: 10.1016/0006-291X(69)90253-8 – ident: ref74 doi: 10.1177/2333794X19835661 – ident: ref125 doi: 10.1002/mus.880090412 – ident: ref113 doi: 10.1001/archneur.1979.00500410044005 – ident: ref107 doi: 10.1212/WNL.43.3_Part_1.532 – ident: ref61 doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddx173 – ident: ref99 doi: 10.1002/mus.880170405 – ident: ref32 doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1455 – ident: ref58 doi: 10.1212/WNL.35.1.61 – ident: ref55 doi: 10.1002/mus.880040216 – ident: ref75 doi: 10.1126/science.6450446 – ident: ref39 doi: 10.1002/ana.10385 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199711)20:11<1422::AID-MUS10>3.3.CO;2-N – ident: ref120 doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddt352 – ident: ref68 doi: 10.1073/pnas.250379497 – ident: ref78 doi: 10.1097/00005768-200110000-00010 – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1172/JCI106904 – ident: ref104 doi: 10.1002/mus.20812 – ident: ref17 – ident: ref49 doi: 10.1056/NEJM197807132990216 – ident: ref86 – ident: ref83 doi: 10.1203/00006450-199802000-00011 – ident: ref128 doi: 10.1212/WNL.38.4.609 – ident: ref40 doi: 10.1038/nature01154 – ident: ref105 doi: 10.1016/S0002-9149(02)03429-X – ident: ref95 doi: 10.1001/archneur.1987.00520200016010 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1002/mus.880110807 – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1212/WNL.56.8.1075 – ident: ref47 doi: 10.1007/BF00269094 – ident: ref41 doi: 10.1002/mus.25268 – ident: ref130 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004570 – ident: ref85 doi: 10.1002/ana.20523 – ident: ref102 doi: 10.1186/s40360-016-0111-8 – ident: ref92 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32910-1 – ident: ref14 doi: 10.1002/mus.880150316 – ident: ref46 doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(78)90161-0 – ident: ref25 doi: 10.1136/jmg.21.4.254 – ident: ref60 doi: 10.1212/WNL.31.4_Part_2.422 – ident: ref63 doi: 10.4236/ojemd.2014.48020 – ident: ref109 doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.02.010 – ident: ref126 doi: 10.1002/mus.880100106 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.1320100313 – ident: ref22 – ident: ref12 doi: 10.7554/eLife.62760 – ident: ref106 doi: 10.3233/JND-170280 – ident: ref62 doi: 10.1007/s11064-011-0683-z – ident: ref66 doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(95)03557-5 – ident: ref43 doi: 10.1136/jnnp.26.2.111 – ident: ref93 – ident: ref103 doi: 10.1002/1097-4598(200009)23:9<1344::AID-MUS4>3.0.CO;2-F – ident: ref42 doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.05.002 – ident: ref70 doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcs001 – ident: ref67 doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-2103 – ident: ref101 doi: 10.3233/JND-210776 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1111/ejn.13249 – ident: ref73 doi: 10.3390/sports7050096 – ident: ref51 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9140-5_29 – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1007/s10654-020-00613-8 – ident: ref90 – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1093/hmg/11.21.2645 – ident: ref96 doi: 10.1212/WNL.41.12.1874 – ident: ref114 doi: 10.1177/00359157770700S329 – ident: ref64 doi: 10.1212/WNL.28.5.439 – ident: ref82 doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2010.03.008 – ident: ref84 doi: 10.1093/ajcn/83.4.823 – ident: ref118 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.07.014 – ident: ref129 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1002/mus.880060403 – ident: ref45 doi: 10.3390/nu7125498 – ident: ref65 doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90471-9 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1590/0004-282x20190088 |
| SSID | ssj0001765945 |
| Score | 2.2976217 |
| Snippet | Duchenne muscular dystrophy is one of the most common inherited muscular dystrophies. The cause of this disease with an X‑linked recessive type of inheritance... |
| SourceID | doaj crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Aggregation Database |
| StartPage | 51 |
| SubjectTerms | becker muscular dystrophy dmd gene duchenne muscular dystrophy dystrophin neuromuscular disorders |
| Title | Stages of research and development of therapeutic approaches for Duchenne myodystrophy. Part I: the period before etiotropic approaches introduction |
| URI | https://doaj.org/article/690d84e9c94b40b79de7782c099f45d8 |
| Volume | 14 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV07T8MwELYQSIgF8RRveWA1jV3Hidl4qiC1qhBIbFbsuwADDSrtwP_gB3NOUigTC1KGxI6t6O4Sf59z_szYMVoNKjdW-EKD0D5PhEXQwiA538aZfh8XOPcHpvegbx_Tx7mtvmJOWCMP3BiuQ-wNco02WO114jMLmNGoFgjZlDqFZplvYufIVD27kpnU1jsU0_gXX3klW8VRqkg634UUJEoLSYdIpTDq1-g0J-JfjzbXa2y1hYn8rHm8dbYwnm6w5X77I3yTfRJIfMJ3XpW8let55sUIOPzkAMW6udVVfKYeTq0IqPLLKZ3SR5a_flTw8T4ZV2TwEz4ki_Cb09iSRxHkCrhHuh85kgvjXb-7eomZ7tBI0G6xh-ur-4ueaDdYEEEaq0TQKlgkTmFMIOJiidwoEzADujKlhJwAUam6oArMCcgBYS0LJkPAYDKfhe42WxxVI9xhHCWYrsoKjWmpc5BFAiUQWZGFtQoTv8u6M8O6t0ZHw0X-Ed3hojtcdIeL7iA24qRLpTNql51HH3y3iFrYdQFFiGsjxP0VIXv_0ck-W6lDpc4-O2CLk_EUDwmOTPwRWzq_GgzvjuoI_ALmXNuo |
| link.rule.ids | 315,783,787,867,2109,27936,27937 |
| linkProvider | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Stages+of+research+and+development+of+therapeutic+approaches+for+Duchenne+myodystrophy.+Part+I%3A+the+period+before+etiotropic+approaches+introduction&rft.jtitle=Nervno-myshechnye+bolezni&rft.au=K.+S.+Kochergin-Nikitskiy&rft.au=S.+A.+Smirnikhina&rft.au=A.+V.+Lavrov&rft.date=2024-03-01&rft.pub=ABV-press&rft.issn=2222-8721&rft.eissn=2413-0443&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.epage=62&rft_id=info:doi/10.17650%2F2222-8721-2024-14-1-51-62&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_690d84e9c94b40b79de7782c099f45d8 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2222-8721&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2222-8721&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2222-8721&client=summon |