Investigation of Injury Risk Functions of THOR-AV 50th Percentile Male Dummy

• Published in: Stapp car crash journal Vol. 69; no. 1; pp. 82 - 113
• Main Authors: Wang, Z. Jerry, Hu, George
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.06.2025
• Subjects: Accidents, Traffic; Finite Element Analysis; Humans; Male; Manikins; Risk Assessment; Wounds and Injuries; dummy; frontal; THOR-AV; injury risk function; reclined
• ISSN: 1532-8546; 2993-1940
• DOI: 10.4271/2025-22-0004

This research investigated injury risk functions (IRF) for the THOR-AV 50th percentile male dummy in accordance with ISO TS18506, focusing on areas with design changes. The IRF development utilized a combination of physical tests and finite element (FE) model simulations. For certain postmortem human subject test cases lacking physical dummy tests, the validated Humanetics THOR-AV FE model (v0.7.2) was used to quickly generate data, with the understanding that final IRFs based on full physical test data might offer greater accuracy. Log-logistic, log-normal, and Weibull survival functions were fitted with 95% confidence intervals. The Akaike Information Criterion, Goodman-Kruskal-Gamma, Area under the Curve of Receiver Operating Characteristic, and Quantile-Quantile plot were employed to assess the prediction strength and relative quality of the final IRF selections. Among the three survival distributions, the Weibull distribution provided the best fit. The lumbar Fz was identified as the best indicator for lumbar spine injury, followed by Lij. The Fz injury risk values at 5%, 25%, and 50% probabilities are 2170N, 3560N, and 4856N for MAIS2+, respectively. The Lij injury risk values at 5%, 25%, and 50% probabilities are 0.44, 0.65, and 0.79 for MAIS2+, respectively. Abdomen pressure from APTS sensors was found to be a weak indicator for abdomen injury prediction, with injury risk values at 5%, 25%, and 50% probabilities being 128, 209, and 268 kPa for MAIS2+, respectively. The total ASIS force from the left and right ASIS load cells was a better injury predictor than the maximum ASIS load from the individual load cells, with injury risk values at 5%, 25%, and 50% probabilities being 542, 1872, and 3522 Newtons for MAIS2+, respectively.