Effect of a Chicken-Based Diet on Renal Function and Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

• Published in: Diabetes care Vol. 25; no. 4; pp. 645 - 651
• Main Authors: Gross, Jorge L., Zelmanovitz, Themis, Moulin, Cileide C., De Mello, Vanessa, Perassolo, Magda, Leitão, Cristiane, Hoefel, Alice, Paggi, Alexandre, Azevedo, Mirela J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: American Diabetes Association 01.04.2002
• ISSN: 0149-5992; 1935-5548
• DOI: 10.2337/diacare.25.4.645

Effect of a Chicken-Based Diet on Renal Function and Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes A randomized crossover trial Jorge L. Gross , MD 1 , Themis Zelmanovitz , MD 1 , Cileide C. Moulin , RD 2 , Vanessa De Mello , RD 1 , Magda Perassolo , BC 1 , Cristiane Leitão , MD 1 , Alice Hoefel , MD 1 , Alexandre Paggi , MD 1 and Mirela J. Azevedo , MD 1 1 Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil 2 Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil Abstract OBJECTIVE —To assess the effect of replacing red meat with chicken in the usual diet and the effect of a low-protein diet on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), and lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —A randomized, crossover, controlled trial was conducted with 28 patients with type 2 diabetes (seven women; mean age 58.1 years): 15 patients were normoalbuminuric (UAER <20 μg/min), and 13 patients were microalbuminuric (UAER 20–200 μg/min). A chicken-based diet (red meat replaced with chicken) and a low-protein diet were compared with the patients’ usual diet. Patients followed each diet for 4 weeks with a 4-week washout period between. GFR ( 51 Cr-EDTA single-injection technique), 24-h UAER (immunoturbidimetry), apolipoprotein B, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured after each diet. RESULTS —Normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients with diabetes were analyzed separately. In normoalbuminuric patients, GFR after the chicken (101.3 ± 22.9 ml · min −1 · 1.73 m −2 ) and low-protein diets (93.8 ± 20.5 ml · min −1 · m −2 ) was lower than after the usual diet (113.4 ± 31.4 ml · min −1 · 1.73 m −2 ; P < 0.05). In microalbuminuric patients, apolipoprotein B levels were lower after the chicken (113.5 ± 36.0 mg/dl) and low-protein diets (103.5 ± 40.1 mg/dl) than after the usual diet (134.3 ± 30.7 mg/dl; P < 0.05). Only the chicken diet reduced UAER (median 34.3 μg/min) compared with the low-protein (median 52.3 μg/min) and usual (median 63.8 μg/min) diets ( P < 0.05). Glycemic control and blood pressure did not change after the diets. CONCLUSIONS —A normoproteic diet with chicken as the only source of meat may represent an alternative strategy for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. CD, chicken diet GFR, glomerular filtration rate LPD, low-protein diet UAER, urinary albumin excretion rate UD, usual diet Footnotes Address correspondence and reprint requests to Mirela J. de Azevedo, MD, Serviço de Endocrinologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Prédio 12, 4° andar, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail: mirela{at}hotnet.net . Received for publication 29 May 2001 and accepted in revised form 29 December 2001. A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances. DIABETES CARE