Water quality index and geographic information system to assess the groundwater quality of taluka Matiari, Sindh, Pakistan
The study reports the groundwater quality assessment of taluka Matiari for irrigation and human consumption. A total 37 water samples collected from various union councils of taluka Matiari were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, anions, essential metals, trace metals, and toxic elementsfluori...
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| Published in | Arabian journal of geosciences Vol. 17; no. 1 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Springer International Publishing
01.01.2024
Springer Nature B.V |
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| Abstract | The study reports the groundwater quality assessment of taluka Matiari for irrigation and human consumption. A total 37 water samples collected from various union councils of taluka Matiari were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, anions, essential metals, trace metals, and toxic elementsfluoride and arsenic. The results indicated that arsenic in 35% and fluoride in 27% of samples were higher than the WHO limits. GIS maps of toxic elements were drawn and showed that most samples were not appropriate for human consumption. Samples were also identified for water quality index (WQI), cluster analysis, Chadha diagram, correlation matrix, Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, and principal component analysis (PCA) using graphical approaches and statistical methods. The groundwater quality of taluka Matiari based on WQI values indicated that 21 (56.76%) samples were considered “poor” for human consumption. Piper diagram indicated that most water samples were rich in mixed Ca
2+
-Mg
2+
-Cl
-
and Ca
2+
-Na
+
-HCO-
3-
type water. In PCA, four components were extracted for data set that accounted for 80.41% of cumulative variance. Gibbs diagram indicated that anions and cations in water samples were in rock domination as compared to precipitation and evaporation. Chadha diagram indicated the properties and dominance of weak acids and alkaline earth than strong acids and alkali metals. The calculated parameters for irrigation indicated that most of the samples of Matiari were suitable for agricultural purposes. Still, the presence of arsenic in groundwater may result in the transfer of arsenic into the food chain. |
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| AbstractList | The study reports the groundwater quality assessment of taluka Matiari for irrigation and human consumption. A total 37 water samples collected from various union councils of taluka Matiari were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, anions, essential metals, trace metals, and toxic elementsfluoride and arsenic. The results indicated that arsenic in 35% and fluoride in 27% of samples were higher than the WHO limits. GIS maps of toxic elements were drawn and showed that most samples were not appropriate for human consumption. Samples were also identified for water quality index (WQI), cluster analysis, Chadha diagram, correlation matrix, Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, and principal component analysis (PCA) using graphical approaches and statistical methods. The groundwater quality of taluka Matiari based on WQI values indicated that 21 (56.76%) samples were considered “poor” for human consumption. Piper diagram indicated that most water samples were rich in mixed Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl- and Ca2+-Na+-HCO-3-type water. In PCA, four components were extracted for data set that accounted for 80.41% of cumulative variance. Gibbs diagram indicated that anions and cations in water samples were in rock domination as compared to precipitation and evaporation. Chadha diagram indicated the properties and dominance of weak acids and alkaline earth than strong acids and alkali metals. The calculated parameters for irrigation indicated that most of the samples of Matiari were suitable for agricultural purposes. Still, the presence of arsenic in groundwater may result in the transfer of arsenic into the food chain. The study reports the groundwater quality assessment of taluka Matiari for irrigation and human consumption. A total 37 water samples collected from various union councils of taluka Matiari were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, anions, essential metals, trace metals, and toxic elementsfluoride and arsenic. The results indicated that arsenic in 35% and fluoride in 27% of samples were higher than the WHO limits. GIS maps of toxic elements were drawn and showed that most samples were not appropriate for human consumption. Samples were also identified for water quality index (WQI), cluster analysis, Chadha diagram, correlation matrix, Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, and principal component analysis (PCA) using graphical approaches and statistical methods. The groundwater quality of taluka Matiari based on WQI values indicated that 21 (56.76%) samples were considered “poor” for human consumption. Piper diagram indicated that most water samples were rich in mixed Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -Cl - and Ca 2+ -Na + -HCO- 3- type water. In PCA, four components were extracted for data set that accounted for 80.41% of cumulative variance. Gibbs diagram indicated that anions and cations in water samples were in rock domination as compared to precipitation and evaporation. Chadha diagram indicated the properties and dominance of weak acids and alkaline earth than strong acids and alkali metals. The calculated parameters for irrigation indicated that most of the samples of Matiari were suitable for agricultural purposes. Still, the presence of arsenic in groundwater may result in the transfer of arsenic into the food chain. |
| ArticleNumber | 15 |
| Author | Soomro, Waheed Ali Memon, Najma Rind, Imran Khan Khuhawar, Muhammad Yar Jahangir, Taj Muhammad Lanjwani, Muhammad Farooque |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Imran Khan surname: Rind fullname: Rind, Imran Khan email: irind87@gmail.com organization: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh – sequence: 2 givenname: Muhammad Yar surname: Khuhawar fullname: Khuhawar, Muhammad Yar organization: Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Science, University of Sindh – sequence: 3 givenname: Taj Muhammad surname: Jahangir fullname: Jahangir, Taj Muhammad organization: Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Science, University of Sindh – sequence: 4 givenname: Najma surname: Memon fullname: Memon, Najma organization: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh – sequence: 5 givenname: Muhammad Farooque surname: Lanjwani fullname: Lanjwani, Muhammad Farooque organization: Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh – sequence: 6 givenname: Waheed Ali surname: Soomro fullname: Soomro, Waheed Ali organization: Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Science, University of Sindh |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2024_117460 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rsma_2024_103492 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jece_2024_114721 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2024_124368 |
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| Copyright | Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| Snippet | The study reports the groundwater quality assessment of taluka Matiari for irrigation and human consumption. A total 37 water samples collected from various... |
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| SubjectTerms | Alkali metals Anions Arsenic Calcium ions Cations Cluster analysis Correlation analysis Earth and Environmental Science Earth science Earth Sciences Evaporation Fluorides Food chains Geographic information systems Geographical information systems Groundwater Groundwater quality Information systems Irrigation Magnesium Original Paper Parameters Physicochemical processes Physicochemical properties Principal components analysis Quality assessment Quality control Remote sensing Statistical methods Trace elements (nutrients) Trace metals Water analysis Water quality Water sampling |
| Title | Water quality index and geographic information system to assess the groundwater quality of taluka Matiari, Sindh, Pakistan |
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