14N Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of Polymorphism in Trinitrotoluene Samples Obtained from Old Ordnances
The field application of a 14 N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detector needed for the detection of different explosives, including trinitrotoluene (TNT), requires the examination of the distribution of 14 N NQR lines stemming from the monoclinic and/or orthorhombic modifications of TNT, as well...
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| Published in | Applied magnetic resonance Vol. 36; no. 1; pp. 115 - 120 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Vienna
Springer Vienna
01.11.2009
Springer Nature B.V |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0937-9347 1613-7507 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s00723-009-0011-9 |
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| Abstract | The field application of a
14
N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detector needed for the detection of different explosives, including trinitrotoluene (TNT), requires the examination of the distribution of
14
N NQR lines stemming from the monoclinic and/or orthorhombic modifications of TNT, as well as from a mixture of both. In this work, 30 different TNT samples up to 70 years old were measured. The main result of this study is that the measured
14
N NQR spectrum is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions to which the explosive was subject during its history. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The field application of a
14
N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detector needed for the detection of different explosives, including trinitrotoluene (TNT), requires the examination of the distribution of
14
N NQR lines stemming from the monoclinic and/or orthorhombic modifications of TNT, as well as from a mixture of both. In this work, 30 different TNT samples up to 70 years old were measured. The main result of this study is that the measured
14
N NQR spectrum is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions to which the explosive was subject during its history. The field application of a 14N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detector needed for the detection of different explosives, including trinitrotoluene (TNT), requires the examination of the distribution of 14N NQR lines stemming from the monoclinic and/or orthorhombic modifications of TNT, as well as from a mixture of both. In this work, 30 different TNT samples up to 70 years old were measured. The main result of this study is that the measured 14N NQR spectrum is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions to which the explosive was subject during its history. |
| Author | Lužnik, Janko Pirnat, Janez Trontelj, Zvonko Apih, Tomaž Gregorovič, Alan |
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| Keywords | Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Signal Orthorhombic Modification Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Frequency Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectrum Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance |
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| References_xml | – reference: GrechishkinVSAppl. Phys. A Solids Surf.19925550551510.1007/BF003316631992ApPhA..55..505G – reference: LuznikJPirnatJJazbinsekVApihTGregorovicABlincRSeligerJTronteljZAppl. Phys. Lett.20068912350912351110.1063/1.23570152006ApPhL..89l3509L – reference: J.A.S. Smith, M.D. Rowe, R.M. Deas, M.J. Gaskell, in International Conference on Requirements and Technologies for the Detection, Removal and Neutralization of Landmines and UXO, ed. by H. Shali, A.M. Bottoms, J. Cornelis. vol. 2, 15–18 September 2003 (Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Belgium, 2003), pp. 715–720 – reference: R.M. Deas, M.J. Gaskell, K. Long, N.F. Peirson, M.D. Rowe, J.A.S. Smith, Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets IX, ed. by S. Russell, J. Harmon, J.T. Broach, J.H. Holloway. Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 5415 (SPIE, Bellingham, 2004), pp. 510–520, 0277-786X/04/$15. doi:10.1117/12.545029 – reference: MarinoRAConnorsRFJ. Mol. Struct.198311132332810.1016/0022-2860(83)85133-31983JMoSt.111..323M – reference: MikhaltsevitchVTRudakovTNPhys. Stat. Sol. (b)2004241241141910.1002/pssb.200301930 – reference: YesinowskiJPBuessMLGarrowayANAnal. Chem.1995672256226310.1021/ac00109a053 – reference: SmithJASChem. Soc. Rev.19861522526010.1039/cs98615002251986CPL...129..225S – reference: DasTPHahnELNuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy1958New YorkAcademic Press Inc. – reference: GarrowayANBuessMLMillerJBSuitsBHSuitsADHibbsGABarrallRMatthewsRBurnettLJIEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens.2001391108111810.1109/36.9274202001ITGRS..39.1108G – reference: BlincRSeligerJZidansekAZagarVMiliaFRobertHSolid State Nucl. Magn. Reson.2006302616810.1016/j.ssnmr.2006.02.003 – reference: GrechishkinVSSinjavskyNJPhys. Usp.19974039340610.1070/PU1997v040n04ABEH0002291997PhyU...40..393G – reference: BalchinEMalcolme-LawesDJPoplettIJFRoweMDSmithJASPearceDESWrenSACAnal. Chem.2005773925393010.1021/ac0503658 – reference: LuznikJPirnatJJazbinsekVApihTBlincRSeligerJTronteljZJ. Appl. Phys.200710208490310.1063/1.27959642007JAP...102h4903L – volume: 102 start-page: 084903 year: 2007 ident: 11_CR14 publication-title: J. Appl. Phys. doi: 10.1063/1.2795964 – volume: 89 start-page: 123509 year: 2006 ident: 11_CR13 publication-title: Appl. Phys. Lett. doi: 10.1063/1.2357015 – volume: 40 start-page: 393 year: 1997 ident: 11_CR1 publication-title: Phys. Usp. doi: 10.1070/PU1997v040n04ABEH000229 – volume-title: Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy year: 1958 ident: 11_CR11 – ident: 11_CR5 – ident: 11_CR10 doi: 10.1117/12.545029 – volume: 67 start-page: 2256 year: 1995 ident: 11_CR2 publication-title: Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1021/ac00109a053 – volume: 55 start-page: 505 year: 1992 ident: 11_CR3 publication-title: Appl. Phys. A Solids Surf. doi: 10.1007/BF00331663 – volume: 77 start-page: 3925 year: 2005 ident: 11_CR7 publication-title: Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1021/ac0503658 – volume: 39 start-page: 1108 year: 2001 ident: 11_CR4 publication-title: IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. doi: 10.1109/36.927420 – volume: 15 start-page: 225 year: 1986 ident: 11_CR6 publication-title: Chem. Soc. Rev. doi: 10.1039/cs9861500225 – volume: 30 start-page: 61 issue: 2 year: 2006 ident: 11_CR9 publication-title: Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. doi: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2006.02.003 – volume: 111 start-page: 323 year: 1983 ident: 11_CR8 publication-title: J. Mol. Struct. doi: 10.1016/0022-2860(83)85133-3 – volume: 241 start-page: 411 issue: 2 year: 2004 ident: 11_CR12 publication-title: Phys. Stat. Sol. (b) doi: 10.1002/pssb.200301930 |
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N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detector needed for the detection of different explosives, including trinitrotoluene (TNT),... The field application of a 14N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detector needed for the detection of different explosives, including trinitrotoluene (TNT),... |
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| SubjectTerms | Atoms and Molecules in Strong Fields Electric fields Explosives Explosives detection Laser Matter Interaction Nitrogen Nuclear quadrupole resonance Organic Chemistry Physical Chemistry Physics Physics and Astronomy Polymorphism Quadrupoles Solid State Physics Spectroscopy/Spectrometry Spectrum analysis Temperature Trinitrotoluene |
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| Title | 14N Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of Polymorphism in Trinitrotoluene Samples Obtained from Old Ordnances |
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