Effects of pretreatment with anticonvulsants on halothane induced liver injury

Effects of various anticonvulsants on development of halothane induced liver injury were investigated in human subjects and in experimental animals. Clinical data of 279 cases who underwent brain surgery with halothane anesthesia were analyzed. The incidence of halothane induced liver injury was sig...

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Published inKanzo Vol. 27; no. 8; pp. 1126 - 1131
Main Authors IIDA, Shinji, OHNISHI, Kunihiko, SAITO, Masayuki, NOMURA, Fumio, HATANO, Hitoshi, OKUDA, Kunio
Format Journal Article
LanguageJapanese
Published The Japan Society of Hepatology 1986
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ISSN0451-4203
1881-3593
DOI10.2957/kanzo.27.1126

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Abstract Effects of various anticonvulsants on development of halothane induced liver injury were investigated in human subjects and in experimental animals. Clinical data of 279 cases who underwent brain surgery with halothane anesthesia were analyzed. The incidence of halothane induced liver injury was significantly higher in subjects who were given phenobarbital than in controls (9/100 vs 2/179, p<0.005). Furthermore, effects of three anticonvulsants (phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, varproic acid) on halothane hepatotoxicity and halothane metabolism were investigated. In phenobarbital pretreated rats, exposure to halothane under hypoxic conditionsresulted in a significant elevation of S-GPT and centrilobular necrosis of the liver. By contrast, liver injuries were minimal in rats pretreated with either VPA or DPH. Hepatic microsomal P-450 contents and the extent of reductive metabolism of halothane were highest in the phenobarbital pretreated group. These results suggest that patients pretreated with PB may be more susceptible to halothane hepatoxicity, and that VPA and DPH could be substitute for PB.
AbstractList Effects of various anticonvulsants on development of halothane induced liver injury were investigated in human subjects and in experimental animals. Clinical data of 279 cases who underwent brain surgery with halothane anesthesia were analyzed. The incidence of halothane induced liver injury was significantly higher in subjects who were given phenobarbital than in controls (9/100 vs 2/179, p<0.005). Furthermore, effects of three anticonvulsants (phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, varproic acid) on halothane hepatotoxicity and halothane metabolism were investigated. In phenobarbital pretreated rats, exposure to halothane under hypoxic conditionsresulted in a significant elevation of S-GPT and centrilobular necrosis of the liver. By contrast, liver injuries were minimal in rats pretreated with either VPA or DPH. Hepatic microsomal P-450 contents and the extent of reductive metabolism of halothane were highest in the phenobarbital pretreated group. These results suggest that patients pretreated with PB may be more susceptible to halothane hepatoxicity, and that VPA and DPH could be substitute for PB.
Author NOMURA, Fumio
OHNISHI, Kunihiko
HATANO, Hitoshi
SAITO, Masayuki
IIDA, Shinji
OKUDA, Kunio
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  fullname: OKUDA, Kunio
  organization: First Department of Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine
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References 2) 浪久利彦,山口毅一,北見啓之:LymphocyteStimulation Testが陽性を示した薬剤性肝障害30例の臨床的観察.日消誌,71: 256-270, 1974
20) Mullick FG, Ishak KG: Hepatic injury associated with diphenylhydantoin therapy. Am J Clin Pathol 74(4): 442-452, 1980
3) Widger RA, Gandolfi AJ, Van Dyke RA: Hypoxia and halothane metabolism in vivo. Anesthesiology 44: 197-201, 1976
4) 波多野等,野村文夫,塚本俊彦,他:ハローセン肝障害発症におけるハローセン代謝と低酸素の役割.肝臓26: 201-207, 1985
11) 橋本英明:リンパ球刺激試験によるハローセン肝障害の診断と臨床像.肝臓22: 195-203, 1981
9) Jee RC, Sipes IG, Gandolfi AJ: Factors influencing halothane hepatotoxicity in the rat hypoxic model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 52: 267-277, 1980
10) Walton B, Simpson BR, Strunin L: Unexplained hepatitis following halothane. Brit Med J 1: 1171-1176, 1976
12) Farrell G, Prendergast D: Halothane hepatitis: Detection of individual susceptibility by an in vitro test. Hepatology 4: 1013 (abstract), 1984
1) McLain GE, Sipes IG, Brown BR: An animal model of halothane hepatotoxicity. Anesthesiology 51: 321-326, 1979
15) Carney FMT, Van Dyke RA: Halothane hepatitis: A critical view. Anesth Analg 51: 135-160, 1972
6) Matsubara T, Koike M, Touchi A: Qualitative determination of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver homogenate. Anal Biochem 75: 596-603, 1970
16) Bentley JB, Vaughan RW, Gandolfi AJ: Halothane biotransformation in obese and nonobese patients. Anesthesiology 57: 94-97, 1982
7) Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL: Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193: 265-275, 1951
18) Zimmerman HJ, Ishak KG: Valproate-induced hepatic injury: Analyses of 23 fatal cases. Hepatology 2(5): 591-597, 1982
14) Vesell ES, Page JG: Genetic control of the phenobarbital-induced shortening of plasma antipyrine half-lives in man. J Clin Invest 48: 2202-2209, 1969
5) Nomura F, Pikkarainen P, Jauhonen P: Effect of ethanol administration on the metabolism of ethanol in baboons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 227: 78-83, 1983
19) Kesterson JW, Granneman GR, Machinist JM: The hepatotoxicity of valproic acid and its metabolites in rats I. Toxicologic and biochemical and histopathologic studies. Hepatology 4(6): 1146-1152, 1984
13) Shingu K, Eger II EI, Johnson BH: Hypoxia may be more important than reductive metabolism in halothane-induced hepatic injury. Anesth Analg 61: 824-827, 1982
17) Green NM: Halothane anesthesia and hepatitis in a high-risk population. New Eng J Med 289: 304-307, 1973
8) Van Dyke RA, Gandolfi AJ: Anaerobic release of fluoride from halothane. Relationship to the binding of halothane metabolities to hepatic cellular constituents. Drug Metabo Dispos 4: 40-44, 1976
References_xml – reference: 9) Jee RC, Sipes IG, Gandolfi AJ: Factors influencing halothane hepatotoxicity in the rat hypoxic model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 52: 267-277, 1980
– reference: 3) Widger RA, Gandolfi AJ, Van Dyke RA: Hypoxia and halothane metabolism in vivo. Anesthesiology 44: 197-201, 1976
– reference: 12) Farrell G, Prendergast D: Halothane hepatitis: Detection of individual susceptibility by an in vitro test. Hepatology 4: 1013 (abstract), 1984
– reference: 13) Shingu K, Eger II EI, Johnson BH: Hypoxia may be more important than reductive metabolism in halothane-induced hepatic injury. Anesth Analg 61: 824-827, 1982
– reference: 11) 橋本英明:リンパ球刺激試験によるハローセン肝障害の診断と臨床像.肝臓22: 195-203, 1981
– reference: 19) Kesterson JW, Granneman GR, Machinist JM: The hepatotoxicity of valproic acid and its metabolites in rats I. Toxicologic and biochemical and histopathologic studies. Hepatology 4(6): 1146-1152, 1984
– reference: 16) Bentley JB, Vaughan RW, Gandolfi AJ: Halothane biotransformation in obese and nonobese patients. Anesthesiology 57: 94-97, 1982
– reference: 17) Green NM: Halothane anesthesia and hepatitis in a high-risk population. New Eng J Med 289: 304-307, 1973
– reference: 14) Vesell ES, Page JG: Genetic control of the phenobarbital-induced shortening of plasma antipyrine half-lives in man. J Clin Invest 48: 2202-2209, 1969
– reference: 6) Matsubara T, Koike M, Touchi A: Qualitative determination of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver homogenate. Anal Biochem 75: 596-603, 1970
– reference: 7) Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL: Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193: 265-275, 1951
– reference: 8) Van Dyke RA, Gandolfi AJ: Anaerobic release of fluoride from halothane. Relationship to the binding of halothane metabolities to hepatic cellular constituents. Drug Metabo Dispos 4: 40-44, 1976
– reference: 18) Zimmerman HJ, Ishak KG: Valproate-induced hepatic injury: Analyses of 23 fatal cases. Hepatology 2(5): 591-597, 1982
– reference: 2) 浪久利彦,山口毅一,北見啓之:LymphocyteStimulation Testが陽性を示した薬剤性肝障害30例の臨床的観察.日消誌,71: 256-270, 1974
– reference: 20) Mullick FG, Ishak KG: Hepatic injury associated with diphenylhydantoin therapy. Am J Clin Pathol 74(4): 442-452, 1980
– reference: 4) 波多野等,野村文夫,塚本俊彦,他:ハローセン肝障害発症におけるハローセン代謝と低酸素の役割.肝臓26: 201-207, 1985
– reference: 1) McLain GE, Sipes IG, Brown BR: An animal model of halothane hepatotoxicity. Anesthesiology 51: 321-326, 1979
– reference: 10) Walton B, Simpson BR, Strunin L: Unexplained hepatitis following halothane. Brit Med J 1: 1171-1176, 1976
– reference: 5) Nomura F, Pikkarainen P, Jauhonen P: Effect of ethanol administration on the metabolism of ethanol in baboons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 227: 78-83, 1983
– reference: 15) Carney FMT, Van Dyke RA: Halothane hepatitis: A critical view. Anesth Analg 51: 135-160, 1972
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Snippet Effects of various anticonvulsants on development of halothane induced liver injury were investigated in human subjects and in experimental animals. Clinical...
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Title Effects of pretreatment with anticonvulsants on halothane induced liver injury
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