Using sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography to analyze Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol and its major metabolites
We have applied sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography (sweeping-MEKC) to the simultaneous determination of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its major metabolites, 11-hydroxy-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH). We monitored the effects...
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Published in | Journal of Chromatography A Vol. 1216; no. 16; pp. 3512 - 3517 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
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Amsterdam
Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier
01.04.2009
Elsevier |
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Abstract | We have applied sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography (sweeping-MEKC) to the simultaneous determination of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its major metabolites, 11-hydroxy-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH). We monitored the effects of several of the sweeping-MEKC parameters, including the proportion of organic modifier, the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the pH, and the sample injection volume, to optimize the separation process. The optimal buffer for the analysis of the three analytes was 25mM citric acid/disodium hydrogenphosphate (pH 2.6) containing 40% methanol and 75mM SDS. Under the optimized separation parameters, the enrichment factors for THC, THC-COOH, and THC-OH when using sweeping-MEKC (relative to MEKC) were 77, 139, and 200, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) for the three compounds in standard solutions ranged from 3.87 to 15.2ng/mL. We combined the sweeping-MEKC method with solid-phase extraction to successfully detect THC, THC-COOH, and THC-OH in human urine with acceptable repeatability. The LODs of these analytes in urine samples ranged from 17.2 to 23.3ng/mL. Therefore, this sweeping-MEKC method is useful for determining, with high sensitivity, the amounts of THC and its metabolites in the urine of suspected THC users. |
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AbstractList | We have applied sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography (sweeping-MEKC) to the simultaneous determination of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its major metabolites, 11-hydroxy-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH). We monitored the effects of several of the sweeping-MEKC parameters, including the proportion of organic modifier, the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the pH, and the sample injection volume, to optimize the separation process. The optimal buffer for the analysis of the three analytes was 25mM citric acid/disodium hydrogenphosphate (pH 2.6) containing 40% methanol and 75mM SDS. Under the optimized separation parameters, the enrichment factors for THC, THC-COOH, and THC-OH when using sweeping-MEKC (relative to MEKC) were 77, 139, and 200, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) for the three compounds in standard solutions ranged from 3.87 to 15.2ng/mL. We combined the sweeping-MEKC method with solid-phase extraction to successfully detect THC, THC-COOH, and THC-OH in human urine with acceptable repeatability. The LODs of these analytes in urine samples ranged from 17.2 to 23.3ng/mL. Therefore, this sweeping-MEKC method is useful for determining, with high sensitivity, the amounts of THC and its metabolites in the urine of suspected THC users. |
Author | Jen, Hsiu-Ping Feng, Lan-Ing Hsieh, You-Zung Su, Hsiu-Li |
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Keywords | Trace analysis Human Urine Solid phase extraction Biological fluid Terpenoid Chemical analysis Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Metabolite Psychotropic Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography Elimination On-line preconcentration Cannabinoid Micellar electrokinetic chromatography Chemical enrichment Sample preparation Simultaneous measurement Drug of abuse Sweeping-MEKC Quantitative analysis |
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Title | Using sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography to analyze Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol and its major metabolites |
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