Credere i kredit dva srodna ili suprotstavljena pojma?

Proučavajući ugovore o kreditu osigurane stvarnopravnim osiguranjima, a koji se u praksi većinom sklapaju u potrošačkim odnosno B2C odnosima, autorice u radu dolaze do spoznaja o mnogobrojnim problemima u hrvatskoj sudskoj praksi, ali i zakonodavstvu. Isti su primarno posljedica kompleksnog pro...

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Published inZbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci Vol. 37; no. 1; pp. 317 - 365
Main Authors Mihelčić, Gabrijela, Mišćenić, Emilia
Format Journal Article Paper
LanguageEnglish
Croatian
German
Published Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Rijeci 01.01.2016
University of Rijeka, Faculty of Law
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Abstract Proučavajući ugovore o kreditu osigurane stvarnopravnim osiguranjima, a koji se u praksi većinom sklapaju u potrošačkim odnosno B2C odnosima, autorice u radu dolaze do spoznaja o mnogobrojnim problemima u hrvatskoj sudskoj praksi, ali i zakonodavstvu. Isti su primarno posljedica kompleksnog procesa usklađivanja izvornih nacionalnih odredaba s europskim acquisom u tom području, a koji pored ispravnog preuzimanja EU propisa u nacionalno zakonodavstvo zahtijeva i ispravnu primjenu i ujednačeno tumačenje harmo- niziranog nacionalnog prava sukladno istima. U tom smislu, poteškoće nastu- paju već samim određenjem ugovornih strana, odnosno glede pitanja tko je potrošač, a tko trgovac odnosno vjerovnik u B2C ugovorima o kreditu. Isti se nastavljaju u određenju predmeta ugovora, odnosno pronalaženju odgovora na pitanje, što je potrošački kredit te na kreditiranje čega se on točno odnosi. Nejasnoće postoje i o pitanju određenja bitnih sastojaka ugovora o potrošačkom kreditu, glede kojih jasne odgovore ne daje ni praksa Suda EU-a, niti domaća sudska praksa. Problemi postoje i u razumijevanju same dužnosti sudova i drugih primjenjivača prava o tumačenju i primjeni pozitivnoga nacionalnog prava sukladno acquisu odnosno u načinu provedbe iste dužnosti u praksi. Sva navedena pitanja dodatno se usložnjavaju kada su tražbine takvih kredita stvarnopravno osigurane. Imajući u vidu osobite poteškoće u tumačenju i praktičnoj primjeni harmoniziranih nacionalnih odredaba koje se odnose na potrošačko kreditiranje i pravo potrošača općenito, autorice u radu nastoje dati jasne i koncizne odgovore na brojna ključna pitanja o kojima ovisi ispravna primjena spomenutog zakonodavstva. By studying credit contracts secured by real securities, which are, in practice, usually concluded as consumer, i.e. B2C contracts, the authors have become aware of numerous issues in the Croatian judicial practice and legislation. These are primarily a consequence of the complex process of approximation of original national provisions to the European acquis in this area that apart from requiring correct transposition of EU legal acts into the national legislation, also demand the correct application and uniform interpretation of harmonized national law. In that sense, issues arise already when determining the contracting parties, i.e. regarding the questions: who is the consumer and who the trader, i.e. creditor, in B2C credit contracts? There is also the topic of the determination of the object of the contract, i.e. with regard to answering the questions of what is a consumer credit and the crediting of what exactly it relates to. Ambiguities exist also relating to the determination of essential elements of consumer credit contracts, with regard to which there are no clear answers coming either from the practice of the CJEU, or from the domestic court practice. Problems exist regarding the understanding of the duty of courts and other applicants of law about the interpretation and application of positive national law consistently to the acquis, i.e. regarding the manner of pursuing this duty in practice. All the above-mentioned questions become even more complicated, when it comes to credits, whose main claims are secured by a real security. Therefore, bearing in mind the particular difficulties in the interpretation and practical application of harmonized national provisions on consumer crediting and consumer law in general, in this paper the authors try to offer clear and concise answers to numerous key questions upon which the correct application of the previously mentioned legislation depends.
AbstractList Proučavajući ugovore o kreditu osigurane stvarnopravnim osiguranjima, a koji se u praksi većinom sklapaju u potrošačkim odnosno B2C odnosima, autorice u radu dolaze do spoznaja o mnogobrojnim problemima u hrvatskoj sudskoj praksi, ali i zakonodavstvu. Isti su primarno posljedica kompleksnog procesa usklađivanja izvornih nacionalnih odredaba s europskim acquisom u tom području, a koji pored ispravnog preuzimanja EU propisa u nacionalno zakonodavstvo zahtijeva i ispravnu primjenu i ujednačeno tumačenje harmo- niziranog nacionalnog prava sukladno istima. U tom smislu, poteškoće nastu- paju već samim određenjem ugovornih strana, odnosno glede pitanja tko je potrošač, a tko trgovac odnosno vjerovnik u B2C ugovorima o kreditu. Isti se nastavljaju u određenju predmeta ugovora, odnosno pronalaženju odgovora na pitanje, što je potrošački kredit te na kreditiranje čega se on točno odnosi. Nejasnoće postoje i o pitanju određenja bitnih sastojaka ugovora o potrošačkom kreditu, glede kojih jasne odgovore ne daje ni praksa Suda EU-a, niti domaća sudska praksa. Problemi postoje i u razumijevanju same dužnosti sudova i drugih primjenjivača prava o tumačenju i primjeni pozitivnoga nacionalnog prava sukladno acquisu odnosno u načinu provedbe iste dužnosti u praksi. Sva navedena pitanja dodatno se usložnjavaju kada su tražbine takvih kredita stvarnopravno osigurane. Imajući u vidu osobite poteškoće u tumačenju i praktičnoj primjeni harmoniziranih nacionalnih odredaba koje se odnose na potrošačko kreditiranje i pravo potrošača općenito, autorice u radu nastoje dati jasne i koncizne odgovore na brojna ključna pitanja o kojima ovisi ispravna primjena spomenutog zakonodavstva.
Proučavajući ugovore o kreditu osigurane stvarnopravnim osiguranjima, a koji se u praksi većinom sklapaju u potrošačkim odnosno B2C odnosima, autorice u radu dolaze do spoznaja o mnogobrojnim problemima u hrvatskoj sudskoj praksi, ali i zakonodavstvu. Isti su primarno posljedica kompleksnog procesa usklađivanja izvornih nacionalnih odredaba s europskim acquisom u tom području, a koji pored ispravnog preuzimanja EU propisa u nacionalno zakonodavstvo zahtijeva i ispravnu primjenu i ujednačeno tumačenje harmo- niziranog nacionalnog prava sukladno istima. U tom smislu, poteškoće nastu- paju već samim određenjem ugovornih strana, odnosno glede pitanja tko je potrošač, a tko trgovac odnosno vjerovnik u B2C ugovorima o kreditu. Isti se nastavljaju u određenju predmeta ugovora, odnosno pronalaženju odgovora na pitanje, što je potrošački kredit te na kreditiranje čega se on točno odnosi. Nejasnoće postoje i o pitanju određenja bitnih sastojaka ugovora o potrošačkom kreditu, glede kojih jasne odgovore ne daje ni praksa Suda EU-a, niti domaća sudska praksa. Problemi postoje i u razumijevanju same dužnosti sudova i drugih primjenjivača prava o tumačenju i primjeni pozitivnoga nacionalnog prava sukladno acquisu odnosno u načinu provedbe iste dužnosti u praksi. Sva navedena pitanja dodatno se usložnjavaju kada su tražbine takvih kredita stvarnopravno osigurane. Imajući u vidu osobite poteškoće u tumačenju i praktičnoj primjeni harmoniziranih nacionalnih odredaba koje se odnose na potrošačko kreditiranje i pravo potrošača općenito, autorice u radu nastoje dati jasne i koncizne odgovore na brojna ključna pitanja o kojima ovisi ispravna primjena spomenutog zakonodavstva. By studying credit contracts secured by real securities, which are, in practice, usually concluded as consumer, i.e. B2C contracts, the authors have become aware of numerous issues in the Croatian judicial practice and legislation. These are primarily a consequence of the complex process of approximation of original national provisions to the European acquis in this area that apart from requiring correct transposition of EU legal acts into the national legislation, also demand the correct application and uniform interpretation of harmonized national law. In that sense, issues arise already when determining the contracting parties, i.e. regarding the questions: who is the consumer and who the trader, i.e. creditor, in B2C credit contracts? There is also the topic of the determination of the object of the contract, i.e. with regard to answering the questions of what is a consumer credit and the crediting of what exactly it relates to. Ambiguities exist also relating to the determination of essential elements of consumer credit contracts, with regard to which there are no clear answers coming either from the practice of the CJEU, or from the domestic court practice. Problems exist regarding the understanding of the duty of courts and other applicants of law about the interpretation and application of positive national law consistently to the acquis, i.e. regarding the manner of pursuing this duty in practice. All the above-mentioned questions become even more complicated, when it comes to credits, whose main claims are secured by a real security. Therefore, bearing in mind the particular difficulties in the interpretation and practical application of harmonized national provisions on consumer crediting and consumer law in general, in this paper the authors try to offer clear and concise answers to numerous key questions upon which the correct application of the previously mentioned legislation depends.
Abstract_FL By studying credit contracts secured by real securities, which are, in practice, usually concluded as consumer, i.e. B2C contracts, the authors have become aware of numerous issues in the Croatian judicial practice and legislation. These are primarily a consequence of the complex process of approximation of original national provisions to the European acquis in this area that apart from requiring correct transposition of EU legal acts into the national legislation, also demand the correct application and uniform interpretation of harmonized national law. In that sense, issues arise already when determining the contracting parties, i.e. regarding the questions: who is the consumer and who the trader, i.e. creditor, in B2C credit contracts? There is also the topic of the determination of the object of the contract, i.e. with regard to answering the questions of what is a consumer credit and the crediting of what exactly it relates to. Ambiguities exist also relating to the determination of essential elements of consumer credit contracts, with regard to which there are no clear answers coming either from the practice of the CJEU, or from the domestic court practice. Problems exist regarding the understanding of the duty of courts and other applicants of law about the interpretation and application of positive national law consistently to the acquis, i.e. regarding the manner of pursuing this duty in practice. All the above-mentioned questions become even more complicated, when it comes to credits, whose main claims are secured by a real security. Therefore, bearing in mind the particular difficulties in the interpretation and practical application of harmonized national provisions on consumer crediting and consumer law in general, in this paper the authors try to offer clear and concise answers to numerous key questions upon which the correct application of the previously mentioned legislation depends.
Author Mišćenić, Emilia
Mihelčić, Gabrijela
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Snippet Proučavajući ugovore o kreditu osigurane stvarnopravnim osiguranjima, a koji se u praksi većinom sklapaju u potrošačkim odnosno B2C odnosima, autorice u...
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StartPage 317
SubjectTerms consumer credit contract
credit contract
fiduciary security
fiducijarno osiguranje
lien
residential immovable
stambene nekretnine
ugovor o kreditu
ugovor o potrošačkom kreditu
založno pravo
Subtitle dva srodna ili suprotstavljena pojma?
Title Credere i kredit
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