Analysis of Ca 2 + mediated signaling regulating Toxoplasma infectivity reveals complex relationships between key molecules

Host cell invasion, exit and parasite dissemination is critical to the pathogenesis of apicomplexan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp. These processes are regulated by intracellular Ca signaling although the temporal dynamics of Ca fluxes and down-stream second messenger pathway...

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Published inCellular microbiology Vol. 19; no. 4
Main Authors Stewart, Rebecca J, Whitehead, Lachlan, Nijagal, Brunda, Sleebs, Brad E, Lessene, Guillaume, McConville, Malcolm J, Rogers, Kelly L, Tonkin, Christopher J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England 01.04.2017
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Abstract Host cell invasion, exit and parasite dissemination is critical to the pathogenesis of apicomplexan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp. These processes are regulated by intracellular Ca signaling although the temporal dynamics of Ca fluxes and down-stream second messenger pathways are poorly understood. Here, we use a genetically encoded biosensor, GFP-Calmodulin-M13-6 (GCaMP6), to capture Ca flux in live Toxoplasma and investigate the role of Ca signaling in egress and motility. Our analysis determines how environmental cues and signal activation influence intracellular Ca flux, allowing placement of effector molecules within this pathway. Importantly, we have identified key interrelationships between cGMP and Ca signaling that are required for activation of egress and motility. Furthermore, we extend this analysis to show that the Ca Dependent Protein Kinases-TgCDPK1 and TgCDPK3-play a role in signal quenching before egress. This work highlights the interrelationships of second messenger pathways of Toxoplasma in space and time, which is likely required for pathogenesis of all apicomplexan species.
AbstractList Host cell invasion, exit and parasite dissemination is critical to the pathogenesis of apicomplexan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp. These processes are regulated by intracellular Ca signaling although the temporal dynamics of Ca fluxes and down-stream second messenger pathways are poorly understood. Here, we use a genetically encoded biosensor, GFP-Calmodulin-M13-6 (GCaMP6), to capture Ca flux in live Toxoplasma and investigate the role of Ca signaling in egress and motility. Our analysis determines how environmental cues and signal activation influence intracellular Ca flux, allowing placement of effector molecules within this pathway. Importantly, we have identified key interrelationships between cGMP and Ca signaling that are required for activation of egress and motility. Furthermore, we extend this analysis to show that the Ca Dependent Protein Kinases-TgCDPK1 and TgCDPK3-play a role in signal quenching before egress. This work highlights the interrelationships of second messenger pathways of Toxoplasma in space and time, which is likely required for pathogenesis of all apicomplexan species.
Author Tonkin, Christopher J
Whitehead, Lachlan
Lessene, Guillaume
Nijagal, Brunda
Rogers, Kelly L
Stewart, Rebecca J
Sleebs, Brad E
McConville, Malcolm J
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Snippet Host cell invasion, exit and parasite dissemination is critical to the pathogenesis of apicomplexan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp....
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SubjectTerms Calcium Signaling
Cells, Cultured
Cyclic GMP - metabolism
Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases - metabolism
Host-Parasite Interactions
Humans
Toxoplasma - pathogenicity
Toxoplasma - physiology
Toxoplasmosis - parasitology
Title Analysis of Ca 2 + mediated signaling regulating Toxoplasma infectivity reveals complex relationships between key molecules
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27781359
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