Endocardites de la maladie de Whipple : cinq observations et revue de la littérature
Propos. – Les lésions endocarditiques de la maladie de Whipple (endocardite infectieuse) sont exceptionnelles. Nous rapportons cinq observations issues de l'hôpital cardiovasculaire et pneumologique Louis-Pradel de Lyon. Méthode. – Nous avons colligé les endocardites infectieuses à Tropheryma w...
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Published in | La revue de medecine interne Vol. 26; no. 10; pp. 784 - 790 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | French |
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Paris
Elsevier SAS
01.10.2005
Elsevier |
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Abstract | Propos. –
Les lésions endocarditiques de la maladie de Whipple (endocardite infectieuse) sont exceptionnelles. Nous rapportons cinq observations issues de l'hôpital cardiovasculaire et pneumologique Louis-Pradel de Lyon.
Méthode. –
Nous avons colligé les endocardites infectieuses à
Tropheryma whipplei diagnostiquées à l'hôpital Louis-Pradel entre 1995 et 2004.
Résultats. –
Il s'agissait de cinq hommes, de 53 ans d'âge moyen au moment du diagnostic. La présentation clinique était essentiellement cardiologique : souffle cardiaque constant, embole dans trois cas et insuffisance cardiaque sur insuffisance valvulaire dans trois cas. L'atteinte valvulaire, double dans trois cas, était le plus souvent aortique. Les végétations étaient constantes et les lésions valvulaires parfois majeures. La fièvre, présente dans quatre cas, était modérée (<
38,2 °C) et associée à un amaigrissement dans deux cas. Le seul signe extracardiaque était représenté par des arthralgies ou arthrites, constantes, rapportées antérieurement chez trois patients à une polyarthrite rhumatoïde séronégative, une spondylarthrite ankylosante HLA B27+, et un rhumatisme psoriasique. Aucune autre manifestation clinique de la maladie de Whipple, en particulier digestive, ganglionnaire, oculaire ou neurologique n'était notée, et les biopsies duodénales réalisées secondairement dans quatre cas étaient négatives. Cela diffère des données de la littérature où une localisation extracardiaque est prouvée dans 11 cas sur 17. Le diagnostic était porté sur l'examen histologique et bactériologique par PCR ARN 16S, universelle ou spécifique, réalisé sur les valves, tous les patients ayant été opérés. L'évolution a été favorable sous antibiothérapie prolongée.
Conclusions. –
Ces observations permettent de confirmer l'existence de formes essentiellement endocarditiques de la maladie de Whipple, où le seul signe extracardiaque existant est le tableau rhumatologique, et de rappeler l'intérêt de l'examen histologique et de la PCR des valves cardiaques lors d'une chirurgie valvulaire.
Purpose. –
Endocarditic lesions (infectious endocarditis) associated with Whipple's disease are exceptional. We report five cases from the cardiovascular and pneumologic hospital Louis Pradel in Lyon.
Method. –
We have collected all cases of
Tropheryma whipplei endocarditis diagnosed between 1995 and 2004.
Results. –
Five men with a mean age of 53 years at time of diagnosis. The symptoms were essentially cardiovascular: murmur, embolism in 3 cases, and heart failure secondary to valvular insufficiency in 2 cases. The valvular involvement, double in 3 cases, was more often aortic. Vegetations were present in all patients and valvular destruction sometimes very important. A low grade fever was present in 4 cases, associated with weight loss in 2 cases. The only extra-cardiac symptoms were arthralgias or arthritis in all cases, considered in 3 patients as seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, B27+ spondylarthritis, and psoriasic arthritis. Their was no other clinical manifestations of Whipple's disease, particularly digestive, ocular, neurologic or adenopathy, and duodenal biopsies secondarily performed in 4 cases were non contributive. This differs from literature as an extra-cardiac location was identified in 11 out of 17 cases. The diagnosis was obtained by histology and PCR on the cardiac valves, as all the patients underwent surgery. The evolution was favourable with a prolonged antibiotic therapy.
Conclusions. –
These report confirms the existence of endocarditic forms of the Whipple's disease, in which the single extra-cardiac manifestation is rheumatologic, and reminds us the usefulness of histology and PCR on the cardiac valves at the time of valvular surgery. |
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AbstractList | Propos. –
Les lésions endocarditiques de la maladie de Whipple (endocardite infectieuse) sont exceptionnelles. Nous rapportons cinq observations issues de l'hôpital cardiovasculaire et pneumologique Louis-Pradel de Lyon.
Méthode. –
Nous avons colligé les endocardites infectieuses à
Tropheryma whipplei diagnostiquées à l'hôpital Louis-Pradel entre 1995 et 2004.
Résultats. –
Il s'agissait de cinq hommes, de 53 ans d'âge moyen au moment du diagnostic. La présentation clinique était essentiellement cardiologique : souffle cardiaque constant, embole dans trois cas et insuffisance cardiaque sur insuffisance valvulaire dans trois cas. L'atteinte valvulaire, double dans trois cas, était le plus souvent aortique. Les végétations étaient constantes et les lésions valvulaires parfois majeures. La fièvre, présente dans quatre cas, était modérée (<
38,2 °C) et associée à un amaigrissement dans deux cas. Le seul signe extracardiaque était représenté par des arthralgies ou arthrites, constantes, rapportées antérieurement chez trois patients à une polyarthrite rhumatoïde séronégative, une spondylarthrite ankylosante HLA B27+, et un rhumatisme psoriasique. Aucune autre manifestation clinique de la maladie de Whipple, en particulier digestive, ganglionnaire, oculaire ou neurologique n'était notée, et les biopsies duodénales réalisées secondairement dans quatre cas étaient négatives. Cela diffère des données de la littérature où une localisation extracardiaque est prouvée dans 11 cas sur 17. Le diagnostic était porté sur l'examen histologique et bactériologique par PCR ARN 16S, universelle ou spécifique, réalisé sur les valves, tous les patients ayant été opérés. L'évolution a été favorable sous antibiothérapie prolongée.
Conclusions. –
Ces observations permettent de confirmer l'existence de formes essentiellement endocarditiques de la maladie de Whipple, où le seul signe extracardiaque existant est le tableau rhumatologique, et de rappeler l'intérêt de l'examen histologique et de la PCR des valves cardiaques lors d'une chirurgie valvulaire.
Purpose. –
Endocarditic lesions (infectious endocarditis) associated with Whipple's disease are exceptional. We report five cases from the cardiovascular and pneumologic hospital Louis Pradel in Lyon.
Method. –
We have collected all cases of
Tropheryma whipplei endocarditis diagnosed between 1995 and 2004.
Results. –
Five men with a mean age of 53 years at time of diagnosis. The symptoms were essentially cardiovascular: murmur, embolism in 3 cases, and heart failure secondary to valvular insufficiency in 2 cases. The valvular involvement, double in 3 cases, was more often aortic. Vegetations were present in all patients and valvular destruction sometimes very important. A low grade fever was present in 4 cases, associated with weight loss in 2 cases. The only extra-cardiac symptoms were arthralgias or arthritis in all cases, considered in 3 patients as seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, B27+ spondylarthritis, and psoriasic arthritis. Their was no other clinical manifestations of Whipple's disease, particularly digestive, ocular, neurologic or adenopathy, and duodenal biopsies secondarily performed in 4 cases were non contributive. This differs from literature as an extra-cardiac location was identified in 11 out of 17 cases. The diagnosis was obtained by histology and PCR on the cardiac valves, as all the patients underwent surgery. The evolution was favourable with a prolonged antibiotic therapy.
Conclusions. –
These report confirms the existence of endocarditic forms of the Whipple's disease, in which the single extra-cardiac manifestation is rheumatologic, and reminds us the usefulness of histology and PCR on the cardiac valves at the time of valvular surgery. |
Author | Aïouaz, H. Fenollar, F. Rousset, H. Mercusot, A. Tebib, J. Puget, M. Célard, M. Obadia, JF Vandenesch, F. Delahaye, F. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: H. surname: Aïouaz fullname: Aïouaz, H. email: hayat.aiouaz@perharidy.fr organization: Service de bactériologie, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France – sequence: 2 givenname: M. surname: Célard fullname: Célard, M. organization: Service de bactériologie, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France – sequence: 3 givenname: M. surname: Puget fullname: Puget, M. organization: Service de médecine interne, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite cedex, France – sequence: 4 givenname: F. surname: Vandenesch fullname: Vandenesch, F. organization: Service de bactériologie, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France – sequence: 5 givenname: A. surname: Mercusot fullname: Mercusot, A. organization: Service de cardiologie unité 60, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France – sequence: 6 givenname: F. surname: Fenollar fullname: Fenollar, F. organization: Unité des rickettsies, faculté de médecine, université de la méditerranée, Marseille, France – sequence: 7 givenname: F. surname: Delahaye fullname: Delahaye, F. organization: Service de cardiologie unité 60, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France – sequence: 8 givenname: JF surname: Obadia fullname: Obadia, JF organization: Service de chirurgie cardiaque C, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France – sequence: 9 givenname: J. surname: Tebib fullname: Tebib, J. organization: Service de rhumatologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite cedex France – sequence: 10 givenname: H. surname: Rousset fullname: Rousset, H. organization: Service de médecine interne, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite cedex, France |
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Keywords | Maladie de Whipple Arthralgies Arthritis Endocardite infectieuse Tropheryma whipplei Infectious endocarditis PCR Whipple's disease Endocardite Appareil digestif pathologie Bactériose Endocarde pathologie Appareil circulatoire pathologie Cardiopathie Intestin pathologie Arthralgie Etude cas Infection Lipodystrophie intestinale Médecine Malabsorption intestinale Cellulomonadaceae Observation Actinomycetes Revue bibliographique Système ostéoarticulaire pathologie Bactérie |
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Les lésions endocarditiques de la maladie de Whipple (endocardite infectieuse) sont exceptionnelles. Nous rapportons cinq observations issues de... |
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SubjectTerms | Arthralgies Arthritis Cardiologie. Appareil circulatoire Coeur Endocardite infectieuse Generalites Infectious endocarditis Maladie de Whipple Maladies de l'endocarde et de l'appareil valvulaire PCR Sciences biologiques et medicales Sciences medicales Tropheryma whipplei Whipple's disease |
Title | Endocardites de la maladie de Whipple : cinq observations et revue de la littérature |
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