Direct Monitoring of Hand Hygiene Compliance: The Comprehension and Practice of "My Five Moments of Hand Hygiene" and the "Direct Observation Method"
Hand hygiene monitoring is widely conducted as process surveillance for health care-associated infection control. However, monitoring human behavior using a single method is difficult; a combination of product consumption surveys and direct observation is recommended by the World Health Organization...
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| Published in | Japanese Journal of Infection Prevention and Control Vol. 39; no. 5; pp. 155 - 162 |
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Japanese |
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Japanese Society for Infection Prevention and Control
25.09.2024
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| Abstract | Hand hygiene monitoring is widely conducted as process surveillance for health care-associated infection control. However, monitoring human behavior using a single method is difficult; a combination of product consumption surveys and direct observation is recommended by the World Health Organization's multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy (WHOMMHHIS). The Train-the-Trainers in hand hygiene (TTT) seminar, based on the WHOMMHHIS, was held in Japan by staff from the University of Geneva as instructors. The trainees are currently holding TTT-Japan seminars and are creating Japanese training tools to help students understand "My Five Moments of Hand Hygiene" and the direct observation method. They will soon be released on the web, along with other WHOMMHHIS tools. It is hoped that initiatives to improve hand hygiene compliance will become more active by comprehensively implementing a multimodal hand hygiene strategy that includes the cultivation of an institutional safety culture. |
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| AbstractList | Hand hygiene monitoring is widely conducted as process surveillance for health care-associated infection control. However, monitoring human behavior using a single method is difficult; a combination of product consumption surveys and direct observation is recommended by the World Health Organization's multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy (WHOMMHHIS). The Train-the-Trainers in hand hygiene (TTT) seminar, based on the WHOMMHHIS, was held in Japan by staff from the University of Geneva as instructors. The trainees are currently holding TTT-Japan seminars and are creating Japanese training tools to help students understand "My Five Moments of Hand Hygiene" and the direct observation method. They will soon be released on the web, along with other WHOMMHHIS tools. It is hoped that initiatives to improve hand hygiene compliance will become more active by comprehensively implementing a multimodal hand hygiene strategy that includes the cultivation of an institutional safety culture. |
| Author | SUZUKI, Yumi |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.02.007 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.09.019 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.06.004 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.11.007 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.09.029 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.08.002 10.1186/s13756-020-00732-7 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30491-2 10.1186/s13756-019-0666-4 10.1017/ice.2022.304 10.1186/s12879-021-06427-7 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000108 10.1071/HI12022 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.11.029 10.4058/jsei.38.220 10.1186/s13756-022-01172-1 10.1186/s13756-019-0593-4 |
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| References | 1) Larson E: Monitoring hand hygiene: Meaningless, harmful, or helpful? Am J Infect Control 2013; 41: S42-45. 11) Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings: https://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/index.html. accessed April 10, 2024. 30) 島中延枝, 川上和美, 坂本健一, 岡本 耕, 鈴木由美, 斎藤浩輝: 本邦におけるWHO手指衛生多角的戦略の実践への取り組み. 日環境感染会誌 2023; 38 (5): 220-8. 25) WHO: Hand hygiene technical reference manual: to be used by health-care workers, trainers and observers of hand hygiene practices. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009. 7) LEAPFROG HOSPITAL SURVEY Factsheet: Hand Hygiene: https://ratings.leapfroggroup.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/2023%20Hand%20Hygiene%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf. accessed April 10, 2024. 5) Ryan K, Russo P L, Heard K, Havers S, Bellis K, Grayson M L: Development of a standardised approach to observing hand hygiene compliance in Australia. Healthcare Infection 2012; 17: 115-21. 20) WHO: A guide to the implementation of the WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009. 14) Kramer TS, Walter J, Schröder C, Behnke M, Clausmeyer J, Reichardt C, et al.: Increase in consumption of alcohol-based hand rub in German acute care hospitals over a 12 year period. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21: 766. 23) Suzuki Y, Morino M, Morita I, Ohiro S: Comparison of two alcohol hand rubbing techniques regarding hand surface coverage among hospital workers: a quasi-randomized controlled trial. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2022; 11: 132. 2) Sax H, Allegranzi B, Uçkay I, Larson E, Boyce J, Pittet D: 'My five moments for hand hygiene': a user-centred design approach to understand, train, monitor and report hand hygiene. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67: 9-21. 16) Arai A, Tanabe M, Nakamura A, Yamasaki D, Muraki Y, Kaneko T, et al.: Utility of electronic hand hygiene counting devices for measuring physicians' hand hygiene adherence applied to outpatient settings. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44: 1481-5. 17) Sakihama T, Honda H, Saint S, Fowler KE, Shimizu T, Kamiya T, et al.: Hand Hygiene Adherence Among Health Care Workers at Japanese Hospitals: A Multicenter Observational Study in Japan. J Patient Saf 2016; 12: 11-7. 12) KISS (Krankenhaus-Infektions-Surveillance-System): https://www.nrz-hygiene.de/kiss. accessed April 10, 2024. 9) LEAPFROG HOSPITAL SURVEY 2024 LEAPFROG HOSPITAL SURVEY BINDER: https://www.leapfroggroup.org/sites/default/files/Files/2024%20Leapfrog%20Hospital%20Survey%20Binder.pdf. accessed April 10, 2024. 24) Boyce JM: Electronic monitoring in combination with direct observation as a means to significantly improve hand hygiene compliance. Am J Infect Control 2017; 45: 528-35. 26) 国立研究開発法人 国立国際医療研究センター 厚労省委託事業 AMR臨床リファレンスセンター 手指衛生テクニカルリファレンスマニュアル: https://amr.ncgm.go.jp/pdf/Hand-hygiene-technical-reference_Japanese.pdf: 2024年4月10日現在. 6) Grayson ML, Stewardson AJ, Russo PL, Ryan KE, Olsen KL, Havers SM, et al.: Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. Lancet Infect Dis 2018; 18: 1269-77. 22) 中小規模の医療施設向けサーベイランス手順書 (案) 2009年7月10日 改訂4版 病院施設の規模別の感染対策の実態調査 (分担研究者 西岡みどり) 厚生労働科学研究費補助 新型インフルエンザ等新興・再興感染症研究事業 (H21-新興-一般-001): https://www.ncn.ac.jp/for/060/010/survey-all.pdf: 2024年4月10日現在. 8) Chang NC, Reisinger HS, Jesson AR, Schweizer ML, Morgan DJ, Forrest GN, et al.: Feasibility of monitoring compliance to the My 5 Moments and Entry/Exit hand hygiene methods in US hospitals. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44: 938-40. 15) Aktion Saubere Hände - About us: https://www.aktion-sauberehaende.de/en/. accessed April 10, 2024. 21) WHO: Hand hygiene self-assessment framework 2010. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2010. 28) Tartari E, Fankhauser C, Masson-Roy S, Márquez-Villarreal H, Fernández Moreno I, Rodriguez Navas ML: Train-the-Trainers in hand hygiene: a standardized approach to guide education in infection prevention and control. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8: 206. 10) APIC Guide to Hand Hygiene Programs for Infection Prevention (2015): https://apic.org/guide-to-hand-hygiene-programs-for-infection-prevention-2015/. accessed April 10, 2024. 29) Bogdanovic J, Petralito S, Passerini S, Sax H, Manser T, Clack L: Exploring healthcare providers' mental models of the infection prevention "patient zone" - a concept mapping study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8: 138. 4) Glowicz JB, Landon E, Sickbert-Bennett EE, Aiello AE, deKay K, Hoffmann KK, et al.: SHEA/IDSA/APIC Practice Recommendation: Strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene: 2022 Update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023; 44: 355-76. 18) 松井珠乃: 自然災害時を含めた感染症サーベイランスの強化・向上に関する研究 厚生労働科学研究費補助金 新型インフルエンザ等新興・再興感染症研究 H24-新興-一般-014 2014: https://mhlw-grants.niph.go.jp/project/24287: 2024年4月10日現在. 3) Iversen AM, Stangerup M, From-Hansen M, Hansen R, Sode LP, Kostadinov K, et al.: Light-guided nudging and data-driven performance feedback improve hand hygiene compliance among nurses and doctors. Am J Infect Control 2021; 49 (6): 733-9. 27) Suzuki Y, Morino M, Morita I, Yamamoto S: The effect of a 5-year hand hygiene initiative based on the WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy: an interrupted time-series study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2020; 9: 75. 13) Hansen S, Schwab F, Gastmeier P; PROHIBIT study group; Pittet D, Zingg W, et al.: Provision and consumption of alcohol-based hand rubs in European hospitals. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21: 1047-51. 19) WHO: WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care Is Safer Care. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 21 |
| References_xml | – reference: 9) LEAPFROG HOSPITAL SURVEY 2024 LEAPFROG HOSPITAL SURVEY BINDER: https://www.leapfroggroup.org/sites/default/files/Files/2024%20Leapfrog%20Hospital%20Survey%20Binder.pdf. accessed April 10, 2024. – reference: 28) Tartari E, Fankhauser C, Masson-Roy S, Márquez-Villarreal H, Fernández Moreno I, Rodriguez Navas ML: Train-the-Trainers in hand hygiene: a standardized approach to guide education in infection prevention and control. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8: 206. – reference: 14) Kramer TS, Walter J, Schröder C, Behnke M, Clausmeyer J, Reichardt C, et al.: Increase in consumption of alcohol-based hand rub in German acute care hospitals over a 12 year period. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21: 766. – reference: 30) 島中延枝, 川上和美, 坂本健一, 岡本 耕, 鈴木由美, 斎藤浩輝: 本邦におけるWHO手指衛生多角的戦略の実践への取り組み. 日環境感染会誌 2023; 38 (5): 220-8. – reference: 10) APIC Guide to Hand Hygiene Programs for Infection Prevention (2015): https://apic.org/guide-to-hand-hygiene-programs-for-infection-prevention-2015/. accessed April 10, 2024. – reference: 11) Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings: https://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/index.html. accessed April 10, 2024. – reference: 25) WHO: Hand hygiene technical reference manual: to be used by health-care workers, trainers and observers of hand hygiene practices. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009. – reference: 21) WHO: Hand hygiene self-assessment framework 2010. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2010. – reference: 6) Grayson ML, Stewardson AJ, Russo PL, Ryan KE, Olsen KL, Havers SM, et al.: Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. Lancet Infect Dis 2018; 18: 1269-77. – reference: 4) Glowicz JB, Landon E, Sickbert-Bennett EE, Aiello AE, deKay K, Hoffmann KK, et al.: SHEA/IDSA/APIC Practice Recommendation: Strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene: 2022 Update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023; 44: 355-76. – reference: 3) Iversen AM, Stangerup M, From-Hansen M, Hansen R, Sode LP, Kostadinov K, et al.: Light-guided nudging and data-driven performance feedback improve hand hygiene compliance among nurses and doctors. Am J Infect Control 2021; 49 (6): 733-9. – reference: 5) Ryan K, Russo P L, Heard K, Havers S, Bellis K, Grayson M L: Development of a standardised approach to observing hand hygiene compliance in Australia. Healthcare Infection 2012; 17: 115-21. – reference: 13) Hansen S, Schwab F, Gastmeier P; PROHIBIT study group; Pittet D, Zingg W, et al.: Provision and consumption of alcohol-based hand rubs in European hospitals. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21: 1047-51. – reference: 1) Larson E: Monitoring hand hygiene: Meaningless, harmful, or helpful? Am J Infect Control 2013; 41: S42-45. – reference: 19) WHO: WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care Is Safer Care. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009. – reference: 16) Arai A, Tanabe M, Nakamura A, Yamasaki D, Muraki Y, Kaneko T, et al.: Utility of electronic hand hygiene counting devices for measuring physicians' hand hygiene adherence applied to outpatient settings. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44: 1481-5. – reference: 20) WHO: A guide to the implementation of the WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009. – reference: 26) 国立研究開発法人 国立国際医療研究センター 厚労省委託事業 AMR臨床リファレンスセンター 手指衛生テクニカルリファレンスマニュアル: https://amr.ncgm.go.jp/pdf/Hand-hygiene-technical-reference_Japanese.pdf: 2024年4月10日現在. – reference: 23) Suzuki Y, Morino M, Morita I, Ohiro S: Comparison of two alcohol hand rubbing techniques regarding hand surface coverage among hospital workers: a quasi-randomized controlled trial. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2022; 11: 132. – reference: 7) LEAPFROG HOSPITAL SURVEY Factsheet: Hand Hygiene: https://ratings.leapfroggroup.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/2023%20Hand%20Hygiene%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf. accessed April 10, 2024. – reference: 18) 松井珠乃: 自然災害時を含めた感染症サーベイランスの強化・向上に関する研究 厚生労働科学研究費補助金 新型インフルエンザ等新興・再興感染症研究 H24-新興-一般-014 2014: https://mhlw-grants.niph.go.jp/project/24287: 2024年4月10日現在. – reference: 29) Bogdanovic J, Petralito S, Passerini S, Sax H, Manser T, Clack L: Exploring healthcare providers' mental models of the infection prevention "patient zone" - a concept mapping study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8: 138. – reference: 15) Aktion Saubere Hände - About us: https://www.aktion-sauberehaende.de/en/. accessed April 10, 2024. – reference: 17) Sakihama T, Honda H, Saint S, Fowler KE, Shimizu T, Kamiya T, et al.: Hand Hygiene Adherence Among Health Care Workers at Japanese Hospitals: A Multicenter Observational Study in Japan. J Patient Saf 2016; 12: 11-7. – reference: 27) Suzuki Y, Morino M, Morita I, Yamamoto S: The effect of a 5-year hand hygiene initiative based on the WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy: an interrupted time-series study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2020; 9: 75. – reference: 12) KISS (Krankenhaus-Infektions-Surveillance-System): https://www.nrz-hygiene.de/kiss. accessed April 10, 2024. – reference: 8) Chang NC, Reisinger HS, Jesson AR, Schweizer ML, Morgan DJ, Forrest GN, et al.: Feasibility of monitoring compliance to the My 5 Moments and Entry/Exit hand hygiene methods in US hospitals. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44: 938-40. – reference: 2) Sax H, Allegranzi B, Uçkay I, Larson E, Boyce J, Pittet D: 'My five moments for hand hygiene': a user-centred design approach to understand, train, monitor and report hand hygiene. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67: 9-21. – reference: 22) 中小規模の医療施設向けサーベイランス手順書 (案) 2009年7月10日 改訂4版 病院施設の規模別の感染対策の実態調査 (分担研究者 西岡みどり) 厚生労働科学研究費補助 新型インフルエンザ等新興・再興感染症研究事業 (H21-新興-一般-001): https://www.ncn.ac.jp/for/060/010/survey-all.pdf: 2024年4月10日現在. – reference: 24) Boyce JM: Electronic monitoring in combination with direct observation as a means to significantly improve hand hygiene compliance. Am J Infect Control 2017; 45: 528-35. – ident: 8 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.02.007 – ident: 18 – ident: 13 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.09.019 – ident: 12 – ident: 2 doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.06.004 – ident: 3 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.11.007 – ident: 10 – ident: 1 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.09.029 – ident: 9 – ident: 7 – ident: 16 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.08.002 – ident: 20 – ident: 26 – ident: 22 – ident: 27 doi: 10.1186/s13756-020-00732-7 – ident: 6 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30491-2 – ident: 28 doi: 10.1186/s13756-019-0666-4 – ident: 11 – ident: 4 doi: 10.1017/ice.2022.304 – ident: 14 doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06427-7 – ident: 17 doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000108 – ident: 19 – ident: 15 – ident: 5 doi: 10.1071/HI12022 – ident: 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.11.029 – ident: 21 – ident: 30 doi: 10.4058/jsei.38.220 – ident: 23 doi: 10.1186/s13756-022-01172-1 – ident: 29 doi: 10.1186/s13756-019-0593-4 – ident: 25 |
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| Title | Direct Monitoring of Hand Hygiene Compliance: The Comprehension and Practice of "My Five Moments of Hand Hygiene" and the "Direct Observation Method" |
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