Le schwa final en français standard est-il un « lubrifiant phonétique » ?

Le schwa est une voyelle faible ou réduite notée [ә] alternant avec zéro et restreinte aux syllabes non-accentuées. En français standard, il peut faire surface à l’intérieur ou en fin de mot. Nous proposons ici une étude du schwa final de mot exclusivement, en particulier par le prisme de la questio...

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Published inSHS Web of Conferences Vol. 78; p. 9004
Main Authors Hutin, Mathilde, Jatteau, Adèle, Vasilescu, Ioana, Lamel, Lori, Adda-Decker, Martine
Format Journal Article Conference Proceeding
LanguageEnglish
Published Les Ulis EDP Sciences 2020
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Abstract Le schwa est une voyelle faible ou réduite notée [ә] alternant avec zéro et restreinte aux syllabes non-accentuées. En français standard, il peut faire surface à l’intérieur ou en fin de mot. Nous proposons ici une étude du schwa final de mot exclusivement, en particulier par le prisme de la question du schwa final en tant que « lubrifiant phonétique » (Purse 2019). Le schwa final est-il réellement un lubrifiant ? Joue-t-il seulement un rôle sur le plan exclusivement phonétique ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons utilisé trois très grands corpus du français (plus de 110 heures de discours) pour établir la présence du schwa final selon les contraintes phonotactiques (la loi des trois consonnes, Grammont 1894) et le style de parole, mais aussi son rôle sur les phénomènes d’adjacence de bas niveau que sont le dévoisement final et l’assimilation régressive de voisement en français standard. Nous concluons que le schwa final est en effet corrélé au nombre de consonnes dans la séquence, et au style de parole ; de surcroît, sa présence est significativement corrélée à beaucoup moins d’effets d’adjacence – comme s’il jouait le rôle de bouclier, facilitant l’adéquation entre forme de surface et forme sous-jacente. Is word-final schwa in Standard French a “phonetic lubricant”? Schwa is a weak or reduced vowel noted [ә], alternating with zero and limited to unstressed syllables. In Standard French, it can appear word-internally or word-finally. In this paper, we present an extended study of word-final schwa, and more precisely about its role as a “phonetic lubricant” (Purse 2019). Is word-final schwa really a lubricant? Does it indeed play a role at a purely phonetic level? To answer these questions, we used three large corpora of French containing more than 110 hours of speech to establish the presence of word-final schwa as a function of the number of consonants in the sequence (Three Consonants Rule by Grammont 1894) and of speech style. We also assess the role of schwa on low-level adjacency effects such as final devoicing and regressive voicing assimilation. We conclude that word-final schwa is correlated with ease of production, with careful speech more than casual speech, and that its presence is highly correlated with less adjacency effects – as if it acts as a shield blocking consonant alterations, thus facilitating the mapping between surface form and underlying form.
AbstractList Le schwa est une voyelle faible ou réduite notée [ә] alternant avec zéro et restreinte aux syllabes non-accentuées. En français standard, il peut faire surface à l’intérieur ou en fin de mot. Nous proposons ici une étude du schwa final de mot exclusivement, en particulier par le prisme de la question du schwa final en tant que « lubrifiant phonétique » (Purse 2019). Le schwa final est-il réellement un lubrifiant ? Joue-t-il seulement un rôle sur le plan exclusivement phonétique ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons utilisé trois très grands corpus du français (plus de 110 heures de discours) pour établir la présence du schwa final selon les contraintes phonotactiques (la loi des trois consonnes, Grammont 1894) et le style de parole, mais aussi son rôle sur les phénomènes d’adjacence de bas niveau que sont le dévoisement final et l’assimilation régressive de voisement en français standard. Nous concluons que le schwa final est en effet corrélé au nombre de consonnes dans la séquence, et au style de parole ; de surcroît, sa présence est significativement corrélée à beaucoup moins d’effets d’adjacence – comme s’il jouait le rôle de bouclier, facilitant l’adéquation entre forme de surface et forme sous-jacente. Resumen Is word-final schwa in Standard French a “phonetic lubricant”? Schwa is a weak or reduced vowel noted [ә], alternating with zero and limited to unstressed syllables. In Standard French, it can appear word-internally or word-finally. In this paper, we present an extended study of word-final schwa, and more precisely about its role as a “phonetic lubricant” (Purse 2019). Is word-final schwa really a lubricant? Does it indeed play a role at a purely phonetic level? To answer these questions, we used three large corpora of French containing more than 110 hours of speech to establish the presence of word-final schwa as a function of the number of consonants in the sequence (Three Consonants Rule by Grammont 1894) and of speech style. We also assess the role of schwa on low-level adjacency effects such as final devoicing and regressive voicing assimilation. We conclude that word-final schwa is correlated with ease of production, with careful speech more than casual speech, and that its presence is highly correlated with less adjacency effects – as if it acts as a shield blocking consonant alterations, thus facilitating the mapping between surface form and underlying form.
Le schwa est une voyelle faible ou réduite notée [ә] alternant avec zéro et restreinte aux syllabes non-accentuées. En français standard, il peut faire surface à l’intérieur ou en fin de mot. Nous proposons ici une étude du schwa final de mot exclusivement, en particulier par le prisme de la question du schwa final en tant que « lubrifiant phonétique » (Purse 2019). Le schwa final est-il réellement un lubrifiant ? Joue-t-il seulement un rôle sur le plan exclusivement phonétique ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons utilisé trois très grands corpus du français (plus de 110 heures de discours) pour établir la présence du schwa final selon les contraintes phonotactiques (la loi des trois consonnes, Grammont 1894) et le style de parole, mais aussi son rôle sur les phénomènes d’adjacence de bas niveau que sont le dévoisement final et l’assimilation régressive de voisement en français standard. Nous concluons que le schwa final est en effet corrélé au nombre de consonnes dans la séquence, et au style de parole ; de surcroît, sa présence est significativement corrélée à beaucoup moins d’effets d’adjacence – comme s’il jouait le rôle de bouclier, facilitant l’adéquation entre forme de surface et forme sous-jacente. Is word-final schwa in Standard French a “phonetic lubricant”? Schwa is a weak or reduced vowel noted [ә], alternating with zero and limited to unstressed syllables. In Standard French, it can appear word-internally or word-finally. In this paper, we present an extended study of word-final schwa, and more precisely about its role as a “phonetic lubricant” (Purse 2019). Is word-final schwa really a lubricant? Does it indeed play a role at a purely phonetic level? To answer these questions, we used three large corpora of French containing more than 110 hours of speech to establish the presence of word-final schwa as a function of the number of consonants in the sequence (Three Consonants Rule by Grammont 1894) and of speech style. We also assess the role of schwa on low-level adjacency effects such as final devoicing and regressive voicing assimilation. We conclude that word-final schwa is correlated with ease of production, with careful speech more than casual speech, and that its presence is highly correlated with less adjacency effects – as if it acts as a shield blocking consonant alterations, thus facilitating the mapping between surface form and underlying form.
Author Hutin, Mathilde
Adda-Decker, Martine
Vasilescu, Ioana
Jatteau, Adèle
Lamel, Lori
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10.3406/flang.1999.1236
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Snippet Le schwa est une voyelle faible ou réduite notée [ә] alternant avec zéro et restreinte aux syllabes non-accentuées. En français standard, il peut faire surface...
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Title Le schwa final en français standard est-il un « lubrifiant phonétique » ?
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