214 THE IMPACT OF ARRHYTHMIA ON PROGNOSIS IN HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS. A CARDIAC TELEMETRIC MONITORING STUDY

• Published in: European heart journal supplements Vol. 24; no. Supplement_K
• Main Authors: Cozzolino, Domenico, Romano, Ciro, Marrone, Aldo, Nevola, Riccardo, Aprea, Concetta, Ruocco, Rachele, Cirigliano, Giovanna, Catalini, Christian, De Zenise, Maria Schiano, Adinolfi, Luigi Elio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 15.12.2022
• DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac121.386
• ISSN: 1520-765X

Abstract Background Cardiovascular abnormalities have been largely reported in patients with COVID-19. Among these, myocardial injury and rhythm disorders represent one of the most important complications in patients affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Moreover, a poorer prognosis has been documented in COVID-19 patients when complicated by arrhythmias, independently by age and sex. Objectives The aims of the present study were to identify some of non-cardiac and cardiac comorbidities and some myocardial electrical features (including QT dispersion) associated with arrhythmia in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Moreover, another objective was to contribute in analyzing the impact of arrhythmias on outcome in this setting of patients. Methods At admission, each patient underwent cardiac telemetry monitoring through entire hospitalization period. In all the subjects, laboratory analyses, standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (both at admission and on discharge), and lung imaging examination (by means of both ultrasound scans and computed tomography) were performed. Patients exhibiting arrhythmia during in-hospital period were divided into three groups: i, with brady-arrhythmias; ii, with tachy-arrhythmias; and, iii, with tachy- and brady-arrhythmias. Results Two-hundred patients completed the study (males, 123; mean age, 70.1 years); of these, 80 patients (40%) exhibited rhythm disorders on cardiac telemetry. Patients with arrhythmia resulted to be older (p<0.0001) than patients without arrhythmia. Moreover, patients with arrhythmia showed: i, greater number of comorbidities (p<0.0001); ii, higher values of creatinine (p=0.007), B-type natriuretic peptide (p<0.0001), troponin (p<0.0001), c-reactive protein (p=0.01), ferritin (p=0.001), d-dimer (p<0.0001), and procalcitonin (p=0.0008); iii, QT interval (p=0.002), QTc interval (p=0.04), and QTc dispersion (p=0.01); and, iiii, lower values of sodium (p=0.03), magnesium (p=0.04), glomerular filtration rate (p<0.0001), and hemoglobin (p=0.008) as compared to patients without arrhythmia. By comparing the three subgroups of patients, no significant differences were found. Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR=1.14 [95% CI: 1.07-1.22]; p=0.0004), coronary artery disease (OR=12.7 [95% CI: 2.38-68.01]; p=0.005), and circulating troponin (OR=1.05 [95% CI: 1.003-1.10]; p=0.04) represented risk factors independently associated with arrhythmia. By analyzing all-cause in-hospital mortality, it resulted a ∼forty-fold higher among patients with arrhythmia (OR=39.66 [95% CI: 5.20-302.51]; p=0.0004) when compared to patients without rhythm disorders. Conclusion In the present study, arrhythmias have been to be associated with ageing, coronary artery disease, subtle myocardial injury, hyperinflammatory status, coagulative unbalance, and abnormalities in myocardial electrical impulse propagation in patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. In alignment with previous reports, the presence of arrhythmia seems to be associated with a worse in-hospital prognosis. Given its usefulness, routinary use of cardiac telemetric monitoring should be encouraged in COVID wards.