Novel enzymes for the degradation of cellulose

The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently th...

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Published in	Biotechnology for biofuels Vol. 5; no. 1; p. 45
Main Authors	Horn, Svein Jarle, Vaaje-Kolstad, Gustav, Westereng, Bjørge, Eijsink, Vincent GH
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	London Springer-Verlag 02.07.2012 BioMed Central BioMed Central Ltd BMC
Subjects	Aldonic acid Algae Alternative energy sources Biodiesel fuels Bioeconomy Bioethanol Biofuel Biomass Biomass energy Biorefineries Biorefinery Biotechnology CBM33 Cellulase cellulases Cellulose Chemical properties Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Enzymes Food GH61 Hydrolysis Life sciences Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase Methods Microbiology Physiological aspects Plant Breeding/Biotechnology Production processes Renewable and Green Energy Review Saccharides Technological change Technology application Norway CBM33 Cellulase Cellulose Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase Aldonic acid Biofuel Bioethanol Biorefinery GH61 Bioeconomy
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	1754-6834 1754-6834 2731-3654
DOI	10.1186/1754-6834-5-45

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Abstract	The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first “extracting” these chains from their crystalline matrix.
AbstractList	The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first “extracting” these chains from their crystalline matrix. The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first "extracting" these chains from their crystalline matrix. The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first "extracting" these chains from their crystalline matrix. Abstract The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first “extracting” these chains from their crystalline matrix. Doc number: 45 Abstract: The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first "extracting" these chains from their crystalline matrix. The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first "extracting" these chains from their crystalline matrix. Keywords: Cellulase, Cellulose, GH61, CBM33, Biofuel, Bioethanol, Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase, Biorefinery, Bioeconomy, Aldonic acid
ArticleNumber	45
Audience	Academic
Author	Horn, Svein Jarle Eijsink, Vincent GH Vaaje-Kolstad, Gustav Westereng, Bjørge
AuthorAffiliation	1 Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Aas, Norway
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 1 Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Aas, Norway
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 fullname: Horn, Svein Jarle – sequence: 2 fullname: Vaaje-Kolstad, Gustav – sequence: 3 fullname: Westereng, Bjørge – sequence: 4 fullname: Eijsink, Vincent GH
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747961$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic... Doc number: 45 Abstract: The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging... Abstract The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process....
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SubjectTerms	Aldonic acid Algae Alternative energy sources Biodiesel fuels Bioeconomy Bioethanol Biofuel Biomass Biomass energy Biorefineries Biorefinery Biotechnology CBM33 Cellulase cellulases Cellulose Chemical properties Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Enzymes Food GH61 Hydrolysis Life sciences Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase Methods Microbiology Physiological aspects Plant Breeding/Biotechnology Production processes Renewable and Green Energy Review Saccharides Technological change Technology application
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Title	Novel enzymes for the degradation of cellulose
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