High levels of T lymphocyte activation in Leishmania-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load

Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been i...

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Published inBMC infectious diseases Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 358
Main Authors Santos-Oliveira, Joanna R, Giacoia-Gripp, Carmem B W, Alexandrino de Oliveira, Priscilla, Amato, Valdir S, Lindoso, Jose Ângelo L, Goto, Hiro, Oliveira-Neto, Manoel P, Mattos, Marise S, Grinsztejn, Beatriz, Morgado, Mariza G, Da-Cruz, Alda M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England BioMed Central Ltd 20.12.2010
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 - analysis
Adult
AIDS
Americas
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
CD4-CD8 Ratio
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - chemistry
Comorbidity
Female
HIV
HIV infection
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - virology
HIV-1
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis - complications
Leishmaniasis - immunology
Lymphocyte transformation
Lymphocytes
Male
Middle Aged
Parasitic diseases
Physiological aspects
Studies
T cells
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Viral Load
Brazil
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function. To address this issue we analyzed CD4+ T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy. We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4+ T cell counts under 200 cells/mm3, differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm3). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4+ T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects. Leishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4+ T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
AbstractList Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function. To address this issue we analyzed CD4.sup.+ .sup.T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8.sup.+ .sup.T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy. We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4.sup.+ .sup.T cell counts under 200 cells/mm.sup.3.sup., differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm.sup.3.sup.). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4.sup.+ .sup.T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8.sup.+ .sup.T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects. Leishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4.sup.+ .sup.T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
BACKGROUND: Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function. METHODS: To address this issue we analyzed CD4+ T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy. RESULTS: We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4+ T cell counts under 200 cells/mm3, differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm3). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4+ T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Leishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4+ T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
Background Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function. Methods To address this issue we analyzed CD4.sup.+ .sup.T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8.sup.+ .sup.T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy. Results We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4.sup.+ .sup.T cell counts under 200 cells/mm.sup.3.sup., differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm.sup.3.sup.). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4.sup.+ .sup.T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8.sup.+ .sup.T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects. Conclusions Leishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4.sup.+ .sup.T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
Abstract Background Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function. Methods To address this issue we analyzed CD4 + T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8 + T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania /HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy. Results We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4 + T cell counts under 200 cells/mm 3 , differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm 3 ). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4 + T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8 + T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects. Conclusions Leishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4 + T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
Abstract Background: Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function. Methods: To address this issue we analyzed CD4+ T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania /HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy. Results: We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4+ T cell counts under 200 cells/mm3 , differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm3 ). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4+ T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects. Conclusions: Leishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4+ T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function. To address this issue we analyzed CD4+ T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy. We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4+ T cell counts under 200 cells/mm3, differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm3). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4+ T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects. Leishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4+ T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
BACKGROUNDConcomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function.METHODSTo address this issue we analyzed CD4+ T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy.RESULTSWe found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4+ T cell counts under 200 cells/mm3, differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm3). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4+ T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects.CONCLUSIONSLeishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4+ T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
ArticleNumber 358
Audience Academic
Author Lindoso, Jose Ângelo L
Mattos, Marise S
Goto, Hiro
Santos-Oliveira, Joanna R
Oliveira-Neto, Manoel P
Grinsztejn, Beatriz
Da-Cruz, Alda M
Giacoia-Gripp, Carmem B W
Morgado, Mariza G
Amato, Valdir S
Alexandrino de Oliveira, Priscilla
AuthorAffiliation 1 Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz -FIOCRUZ. Av. Brasil 4365. Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360, Brazil
6 Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, IPEC - FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365. Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360, Brazil
3 Hospital-Dia Profa. Esterina Corsini, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
4 Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. CEP 05403-010, São Paulo, Brazil
2 Laboratório de Aids e Imunologia Molecular; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365. Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360, Brazil
5 Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, CEP 05403-010, Brazil
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21171992$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2010 BioMed Central Ltd.
2010 Santos-Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright ©2010 Santos-Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 Santos-Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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– notice: 2010 Santos-Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
– notice: Copyright ©2010 Santos-Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 Santos-Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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Snippet Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and...
Abstract Background Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas,...
Background Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral...
Abstract Background: Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas,...
BACKGROUNDConcomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral...
BACKGROUND: Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral...
Abstract Background Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas,...
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StartPage 358
SubjectTerms Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 - analysis
Adult
AIDS
Americas
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
CD4-CD8 Ratio
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - chemistry
Comorbidity
Female
HIV
HIV infection
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - virology
HIV-1
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis - complications
Leishmaniasis - immunology
Lymphocyte transformation
Lymphocytes
Male
Middle Aged
Parasitic diseases
Physiological aspects
Studies
T cells
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Viral Load
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Title High levels of T lymphocyte activation in Leishmania-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load
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