Lung epithelium as a sentinel and effector system in pneumonia – molecular mechanisms of pathogen recognition and signal transduction

Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The bronchial and lung epithelium comprises a large surface between host and environment and is attacked as a primary target during lung infection. Besides acti...

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Published inRespiratory research Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 97
Main Authors Hippenstiel, Stefan, Opitz, Bastian, Schmeck, Bernd, Suttorp, Norbert
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England BioMed Central Ltd 08.07.2006
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - biosynthesis
Analysis
Animals
Cellular signal transduction
Cross Infection - immunology
Cross Infection - microbiology
Cytosol - immunology
Cytosol - microbiology
Epithelial Cells - immunology
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
Epithelium
Epithelium - immunology
Epithelium - metabolism
Epithelium - microbiology
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Interferon Regulatory Factors - biosynthesis
Interferon Type I - biosynthesis
Interferon Type I - genetics
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - immunology
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism
Lung - immunology
Lung - microbiology
Lung - virology
NF-kappa B - biosynthesis
Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein
Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
Pneumonia
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - immunology
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - microbiology
Pneumonia, Viral - immunology
Pneumonia, Viral - microbiology
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - immunology
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - immunology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - immunology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - microbiology
Review
Signal Transduction
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
Virulence (Microbiology)
Virulence Factors - immunology
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Abstract Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The bronchial and lung epithelium comprises a large surface between host and environment and is attacked as a primary target during lung infection. Besides acting as a mechanical barrier, recent evidence suggests that the lung epithelium functions as an important sentinel system against pathogens. Equipped with transmembranous and cytosolic pathogen-sensing pattern recognition receptors the epithelium detects invading pathogens. A complex signalling results in epithelial cell activation, which essentially participates in initiation and orchestration of the subsequent innate and adaptive immune response. In this review we summarize recent progress in research focussing on molecular mechanisms of pathogen detection, host cell signal transduction, and subsequent activation of lung epithelial cells by pathogens and their virulence factors and point to open questions. The analysis of lung epithelial function in the host response in pneumonia may pave the way to the development of innovative highly needed therapeutics in pneumonia in addition to antibiotics.
AbstractList Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The bronchial and lung epithelium comprises a large surface between host and environment and is attacked as a primary target during lung infection. Besides acting as a mechanical barrier, recent evidence suggests that the lung epithelium functions as an important sentinel system against pathogens. Equipped with transmembranous and cytosolic pathogen-sensing pattern recognition receptors the epithelium detects invading pathogens. A complex signalling results in epithelial cell activation, which essentially participates in initiation and orchestration of the subsequent innate and adaptive immune response. In this review we summarize recent progress in research focussing on molecular mechanisms of pathogen detection, host cell signal transduction, and subsequent activation of lung epithelial cells by pathogens and their virulence factors and point to open questions. The analysis of lung epithelial function in the host response in pneumonia may pave the way to the development of innovative highly needed therapeutics in pneumonia in addition to antibiotics.
Abstract Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The bronchial and lung epithelium comprises a large surface between host and environment and is attacked as a primary target during lung infection. Besides acting as a mechanical barrier, recent evidence suggests that the lung epithelium functions as an important sentinel system against pathogens. Equipped with transmembranous and cytosolic pathogen-sensing pattern recognition receptors the epithelium detects invading pathogens. A complex signalling results in epithelial cell activation, which essentially participates in initiation and orchestration of the subsequent innate and adaptive immune response. In this review we summarize recent progress in research focussing on molecular mechanisms of pathogen detection, host cell signal transduction, and subsequent activation of lung epithelial cells by pathogens and their virulence factors and point to open questions. The analysis of lung epithelial function in the host response in pneumonia may pave the way to the development of innovative highly needed therapeutics in pneumonia in addition to antibiotics.
Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The bronchial and lung epithelium comprises a large surface between host and environment and is attacked as a primary target during lung infection. Besides acting as a mechanical barrier, recent evidence suggests that the lung epithelium functions as an important sentinel system against pathogens. Equipped with transmembranous and cytosolic pathogen-sensing pattern recognition receptors the epithelium detects invading pathogens. A complex signalling results in epithelial cell activation, which essentially participates in initiation and orchestration of the subsequent innate and adaptive immune response. In this review we summarize recent progress in research focussing on molecular mechanisms of pathogen detection, host cell signal transduction, and subsequent activation of lung epithelial cells by pathogens and their virulence factors and point to open questions. The analysis of lung epithelial function in the host response in pneumonia may pave the way to the development of innovative highly needed therapeutics in pneumonia in addition to antibiotics.Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The bronchial and lung epithelium comprises a large surface between host and environment and is attacked as a primary target during lung infection. Besides acting as a mechanical barrier, recent evidence suggests that the lung epithelium functions as an important sentinel system against pathogens. Equipped with transmembranous and cytosolic pathogen-sensing pattern recognition receptors the epithelium detects invading pathogens. A complex signalling results in epithelial cell activation, which essentially participates in initiation and orchestration of the subsequent innate and adaptive immune response. In this review we summarize recent progress in research focussing on molecular mechanisms of pathogen detection, host cell signal transduction, and subsequent activation of lung epithelial cells by pathogens and their virulence factors and point to open questions. The analysis of lung epithelial function in the host response in pneumonia may pave the way to the development of innovative highly needed therapeutics in pneumonia in addition to antibiotics.
ArticleNumber 97
Audience Academic
Author Hippenstiel, Stefan
Opitz, Bastian
Suttorp, Norbert
Schmeck, Bernd
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Stefan
  surname: Hippenstiel
  fullname: Hippenstiel, Stefan
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Bastian
  surname: Opitz
  fullname: Opitz, Bastian
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Bernd
  surname: Schmeck
  fullname: Schmeck, Bernd
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Norbert
  surname: Suttorp
  fullname: Suttorp, Norbert
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16827942$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
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Snippet Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The bronchial and...
Abstract Pneumonia, a common disease caused by a great diversity of infectious agents is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. The...
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SubjectTerms Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - biosynthesis
Analysis
Animals
Cellular signal transduction
Cross Infection - immunology
Cross Infection - microbiology
Cytosol - immunology
Cytosol - microbiology
Epithelial Cells - immunology
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
Epithelium
Epithelium - immunology
Epithelium - metabolism
Epithelium - microbiology
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Interferon Regulatory Factors - biosynthesis
Interferon Type I - biosynthesis
Interferon Type I - genetics
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - immunology
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism
Lung - immunology
Lung - microbiology
Lung - virology
NF-kappa B - biosynthesis
Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein
Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
Pneumonia
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - immunology
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - microbiology
Pneumonia, Viral - immunology
Pneumonia, Viral - microbiology
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - immunology
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - immunology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - immunology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - microbiology
Review
Signal Transduction
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
Virulence (Microbiology)
Virulence Factors - immunology
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Title Lung epithelium as a sentinel and effector system in pneumonia – molecular mechanisms of pathogen recognition and signal transduction
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16827942
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