Virological and clinical characteristics of hepatitis delta virus in South Asia
There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics. We collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DN...
Saved in:
Published in | Virology journal Vol. 8; no. 1; p. 312 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
BioMed Central Ltd
20.06.2011
BioMed Central BMC |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics.
We collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DNA PCR, who presented to the Aga Khan University, Karachi and Isra University in Hyderabad, Pakistan in the last 5 years. HDV co-infection was diagnosed on the basis of anti-HDV. ALT, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBV DNA PCR quantitative levels were checked in all patients. We divided all patients into two groups based on anti-HDV, and compared their biochemical, serological & virological labs and clinical spectrum. Clinical spectrum of disease included asymptomatic carrier (AC), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), immuno-tolerant phase (IP), and compensated cirrhosis (CC).
HDV co-infection was found in 169 (35.2%). There were 164 (34.6%) HBeAg positive and 316 (65.4%) HBeAg negative patients. Mean ALT level was 66 ± 73 IU. 233 (48.5%) had raised ALT. HBV DNA level was ≥ 10e5 in 103(21.5%) patients. Overall, among HBV/HDV co-infection, 146/169 (86.4%) had suppressed HBV DNA PCR as compared to 231/311 (74.3%) patients with HBV mono-infection; p-value = 0.002. Among HBeAg negative patients 71/128(55.5%) had raised ALT levels among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 71/188 (37.8%) with HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.002); levels of HBV DNA were equal in two groups; there were 27/128 (21%) patients with CC among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 23 (12%) in HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.009); there were less AC (p-value = 0.009) and more CAH (p-value = 0.009) among HBV/HDV co-infection patients. Among HBeAg positive patients, serum ALT, HBV DNA levels and the spectrum of HBV were similar in the two groups.
HBV/HDV co-infection results in the suppression of HBV DNA. A fair proportion of HBV/HDV co-infected patients with HBeAg negative have active hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis as compared to those with mono-infection. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Abstract Background & Aims There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics. Methods We collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DNA PCR, who presented to the Aga Khan University, Karachi and Isra University in Hyderabad, Pakistan in the last 5 years. HDV co-infection was diagnosed on the basis of anti-HDV. ALT, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBV DNA PCR quantitative levels were checked in all patients. We divided all patients into two groups based on anti-HDV, and compared their biochemical, serological & virological labs and clinical spectrum. Clinical spectrum of disease included asymptomatic carrier (AC), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), immuno-tolerant phase (IP), and compensated cirrhosis (CC). Results HDV co-infection was found in 169 (35.2%). There were 164 (34.6%) HBeAg positive and 316 (65.4%) HBeAg negative patients. Mean ALT level was 66 ± 73 IU. 233 (48.5%) had raised ALT. HBV DNA level was ≥ 10e5 in 103(21.5%) patients. Overall, among HBV/HDV co-infection, 146/169 (86.4%) had suppressed HBV DNA PCR as compared to 231/311 (74.3%) patients with HBV mono-infection; p-value = 0.002. Among HBeAg negative patients 71/128(55.5%) had raised ALT levels among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 71/188 (37.8%) with HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.002); levels of HBV DNA were equal in two groups; there were 27/128 (21%) patients with CC among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 23 (12%) in HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.009); there were less AC (p-value = 0.009) and more CAH (p-value = 0.009) among HBV/HDV co-infection patients. Among HBeAg positive patients, serum ALT, HBV DNA levels and the spectrum of HBV were similar in the two groups. Conclusions HBV/HDV co-infection results in the suppression of HBV DNA. A fair proportion of HBV/HDV co-infected patients with HBeAg negative have active hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis as compared to those with mono-infection. BACKGROUND & AIMS: There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics. METHODS: We collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DNA PCR, who presented to the Aga Khan University, Karachi and Isra University in Hyderabad, Pakistan in the last 5 years. HDV co-infection was diagnosed on the basis of anti-HDV. ALT, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBV DNA PCR quantitative levels were checked in all patients. We divided all patients into two groups based on anti-HDV, and compared their biochemical, serological & virological labs and clinical spectrum. Clinical spectrum of disease included asymptomatic carrier (AC), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), immuno-tolerant phase (IP), and compensated cirrhosis (CC). RESULTS: HDV co-infection was found in 169 (35.2%). There were 164 (34.6%) HBeAg positive and 316 (65.4%) HBeAg negative patients. Mean ALT level was 66 ± 73 IU. 233 (48.5%) had raised ALT. HBV DNA level was ≥ 10e5 in 103(21.5%) patients. Overall, among HBV/HDV co-infection, 146/169 (86.4%) had suppressed HBV DNA PCR as compared to 231/311 (74.3%) patients with HBV mono-infection; p-value = 0.002. Among HBeAg negative patients 71/128(55.5%) had raised ALT levels among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 71/188 (37.8%) with HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.002); levels of HBV DNA were equal in two groups; there were 27/128 (21%) patients with CC among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 23 (12%) in HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.009); there were less AC (p-value = 0.009) and more CAH (p-value = 0.009) among HBV/HDV co-infection patients. Among HBeAg positive patients, serum ALT, HBV DNA levels and the spectrum of HBV were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: HBV/HDV co-infection results in the suppression of HBV DNA. A fair proportion of HBV/HDV co-infected patients with HBeAg negative have active hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis as compared to those with mono-infection. Background and Aims There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics. Methods We collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DNA PCR, who presented to the Aga Khan University, Karachi and Isra University in Hyderabad, Pakistan in the last 5 years. HDV co-infection was diagnosed on the basis of anti-HDV. ALT, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBV DNA PCR quantitative levels were checked in all patients. We divided all patients into two groups based on anti-HDV, and compared their biochemical, serological and virological labs and clinical spectrum. Clinical spectrum of disease included asymptomatic carrier (AC), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), immuno-tolerant phase (IP), and compensated cirrhosis (CC). Results HDV co-infection was found in 169 (35.2%). There were 164 (34.6%) HBeAg positive and 316 (65.4%) HBeAg negative patients. Mean ALT level was 66 [+ -] 73 IU. 233 (48.5%) had raised ALT. HBV DNA level was [greater than or equal to] 10e5 in 103(21.5%) patients. Overall, among HBV/HDV co-infection, 146/169 (86.4%) had suppressed HBV DNA PCR as compared to 231/311 (74.3%) patients with HBV mono-infection; p-value = 0.002. Among HBeAg negative patients 71/128(55.5%) had raised ALT levels among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 71/188 (37.8%) with HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.002); levels of HBV DNA were equal in two groups; there were 27/128 (21%) patients with CC among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 23 (12%) in HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.009); there were less AC (p-value = 0.009) and more CAH (p-value = 0.009) among HBV/HDV co-infection patients. Among HBeAg positive patients, serum ALT, HBV DNA levels and the spectrum of HBV were similar in the two groups. Conclusions HBV/HDV co-infection results in the suppression of HBV DNA. A fair proportion of HBV/HDV co-infected patients with HBeAg negative have active hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis as compared to those with mono-infection. BACKGROUND & AIMSThere is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics.METHODSWe collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DNA PCR, who presented to the Aga Khan University, Karachi and Isra University in Hyderabad, Pakistan in the last 5 years. HDV co-infection was diagnosed on the basis of anti-HDV. ALT, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBV DNA PCR quantitative levels were checked in all patients. We divided all patients into two groups based on anti-HDV, and compared their biochemical, serological & virological labs and clinical spectrum. Clinical spectrum of disease included asymptomatic carrier (AC), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), immuno-tolerant phase (IP), and compensated cirrhosis (CC).RESULTSHDV co-infection was found in 169 (35.2%). There were 164 (34.6%) HBeAg positive and 316 (65.4%) HBeAg negative patients. Mean ALT level was 66 ± 73 IU. 233 (48.5%) had raised ALT. HBV DNA level was ≥ 10e5 in 103(21.5%) patients. Overall, among HBV/HDV co-infection, 146/169 (86.4%) had suppressed HBV DNA PCR as compared to 231/311 (74.3%) patients with HBV mono-infection; p-value = 0.002. Among HBeAg negative patients 71/128(55.5%) had raised ALT levels among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 71/188 (37.8%) with HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.002); levels of HBV DNA were equal in two groups; there were 27/128 (21%) patients with CC among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 23 (12%) in HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.009); there were less AC (p-value = 0.009) and more CAH (p-value = 0.009) among HBV/HDV co-infection patients. Among HBeAg positive patients, serum ALT, HBV DNA levels and the spectrum of HBV were similar in the two groups.CONCLUSIONSHBV/HDV co-infection results in the suppression of HBV DNA. A fair proportion of HBV/HDV co-infected patients with HBeAg negative have active hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis as compared to those with mono-infection. There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics. We collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DNA PCR, who presented to the Aga Khan University, Karachi and Isra University in Hyderabad, Pakistan in the last 5 years. HDV co-infection was diagnosed on the basis of anti-HDV. ALT, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBV DNA PCR quantitative levels were checked in all patients. We divided all patients into two groups based on anti-HDV, and compared their biochemical, serological & virological labs and clinical spectrum. Clinical spectrum of disease included asymptomatic carrier (AC), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), immuno-tolerant phase (IP), and compensated cirrhosis (CC). HDV co-infection was found in 169 (35.2%). There were 164 (34.6%) HBeAg positive and 316 (65.4%) HBeAg negative patients. Mean ALT level was 66 ± 73 IU. 233 (48.5%) had raised ALT. HBV DNA level was ≥ 10e5 in 103(21.5%) patients. Overall, among HBV/HDV co-infection, 146/169 (86.4%) had suppressed HBV DNA PCR as compared to 231/311 (74.3%) patients with HBV mono-infection; p-value = 0.002. Among HBeAg negative patients 71/128(55.5%) had raised ALT levels among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 71/188 (37.8%) with HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.002); levels of HBV DNA were equal in two groups; there were 27/128 (21%) patients with CC among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 23 (12%) in HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.009); there were less AC (p-value = 0.009) and more CAH (p-value = 0.009) among HBV/HDV co-infection patients. Among HBeAg positive patients, serum ALT, HBV DNA levels and the spectrum of HBV were similar in the two groups. HBV/HDV co-infection results in the suppression of HBV DNA. A fair proportion of HBV/HDV co-infected patients with HBeAg negative have active hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis as compared to those with mono-infection. There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact of HDV co-infection on virological and clinical characteristics. We collected data of 480 patients with HBsAg positive and a detectable HBV DNA PCR, who presented to the Aga Khan University, Karachi and Isra University in Hyderabad, Pakistan in the last 5 years. HDV co-infection was diagnosed on the basis of anti-HDV. ALT, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBV DNA PCR quantitative levels were checked in all patients. We divided all patients into two groups based on anti-HDV, and compared their biochemical, serological and virological labs and clinical spectrum. Clinical spectrum of disease included asymptomatic carrier (AC), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), immuno-tolerant phase (IP), and compensated cirrhosis (CC). HDV co-infection was found in 169 (35.2%). There were 164 (34.6%) HBeAg positive and 316 (65.4%) HBeAg negative patients. Mean ALT level was 66 [+ -] 73 IU. 233 (48.5%) had raised ALT. HBV DNA level was [greater than or equal to] 10e5 in 103(21.5%) patients. Overall, among HBV/HDV co-infection, 146/169 (86.4%) had suppressed HBV DNA PCR as compared to 231/311 (74.3%) patients with HBV mono-infection; p-value = 0.002. Among HBeAg negative patients 71/128(55.5%) had raised ALT levels among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 71/188 (37.8%) with HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.002); levels of HBV DNA were equal in two groups; there were 27/128 (21%) patients with CC among HBV/HDV co-infection as compared to 23 (12%) in HBV mono-infection (p-value = 0.009); there were less AC (p-value = 0.009) and more CAH (p-value = 0.009) among HBV/HDV co-infection patients. Among HBeAg positive patients, serum ALT, HBV DNA levels and the spectrum of HBV were similar in the two groups. HBV/HDV co-infection results in the suppression of HBV DNA. A fair proportion of HBV/HDV co-infected patients with HBeAg negative have active hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis as compared to those with mono-infection. |
ArticleNumber | 312 |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Moatter, Tariq Usmani, Muhammad T Mumtaz, Khalid Hamid, Saeed Ahmed, Umair S Memon, Sadik Khawaja, Ali Jafri, Wasim |
AuthorAffiliation | 3 Department of Molecular Biology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box # 74800, Karachi, Pakistan 2 Isra University Hospital, Hala Road, PO Box 313, Hyderabad, Pakistan 1 Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box # 74800, Karachi, Pakistan |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box # 74800, Karachi, Pakistan – name: 2 Isra University Hospital, Hala Road, PO Box 313, Hyderabad, Pakistan – name: 3 Department of Molecular Biology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box # 74800, Karachi, Pakistan |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Khalid surname: Mumtaz fullname: Mumtaz, Khalid email: khalid.mumtaz@aku.edu organization: Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, PO Box # 74800, Karachi, Pakistan. khalid.mumtaz@aku.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Umair S surname: Ahmed fullname: Ahmed, Umair S – sequence: 3 givenname: Sadik surname: Memon fullname: Memon, Sadik – sequence: 4 givenname: Ali surname: Khawaja fullname: Khawaja, Ali – sequence: 5 givenname: Muhammad T surname: Usmani fullname: Usmani, Muhammad T – sequence: 6 givenname: Tariq surname: Moatter fullname: Moatter, Tariq – sequence: 7 givenname: Saeed surname: Hamid fullname: Hamid, Saeed – sequence: 8 givenname: Wasim surname: Jafri fullname: Jafri, Wasim |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21689416$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNp1kktr3DAQgEVJaZJtz70VQw-lByfW0_KlsA19LAQCTVt6E2NZ9ip4rY0kh_bfV47TJYYUHSSPPn2ekeYUHQ1uMAi9xsUZxlKc45LRnBHyK5c5xeQZOjlEjh6tj9FpCDdFQYkoqxfomGAhK4bFCbr6ab3rXWc19BkMTaZ7O9x_6C140NF4G6LVIXNttjV7iDbakDWmj5DdWT-GzA7ZtRvjNlsHCy_R8xb6YF49zCv04_On7xdf88urL5uL9WVeCyxj3krMKa4q3dY1ZlWhOeMcTINlSUkaTQNcE15iIzhgqSVooKkapktiOAi6QpvZ2zi4UXtvd-D_KAdW3Qec7xT4lHdvFK0KSDfBmpbXLP1RVrQUzBheYGE0l8n1YXbtx3pnGm2G6KFfSJc7g92qzt0piqlkKdsV-jgLauv-I1juaLdT0-Oo6XGUTKJJ8u4hC-9uRxOi2tmgTd_DYNwYlCwF4ZiKMpFvZ7KDVJ4dWpekeqLVmgiMCyrkRJ09QaXRmJ3VqY1am-KLA-8XBxITze_YwRiC2lx_W7LnM6u9C8Gb9lAsLtTUmU-U9-bxJR_4f61I_wJfad7T |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_s12985_015_0402_5 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0115888 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhep_2014_05_041 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinf_2013_06_008 crossref_primary_10_12677_ACM_2023_1381901 crossref_primary_10_1080_15321819_2017_1372474 crossref_primary_10_1590_1516_3180_2015_8881501 crossref_primary_10_1002_jmv_23653 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_018_26446_w crossref_primary_10_5501_wjv_v1_i3_71 crossref_primary_10_4269_ajtmh_2012_12_0083 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0039027 crossref_primary_10_5812_hepatmon_6731 crossref_primary_10_1007_s15010_012_0287_9 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0078094 crossref_primary_10_1097_MEG_0000000000000168 crossref_primary_10_1590_0034_7167_2018_0100 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jceh_2017_05_010 crossref_primary_10_1111_tme_12163 crossref_primary_10_4103_GJTM_GJTM_4_20 |
Cites_doi | 10.1148/radiol.2263011737 10.1016/j.virol.2005.09.033 10.1086/382133 10.1002/hep.1840050404 10.1093/infdis/155.5.931 10.1017/S0950268897007899 10.1053/jhep.2000.17711 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00424.x 10.1002/jmv.2061 10.1099/vir.0.011239-0 10.3748/wjg.v13.i18.2604 10.1053/jhep.2001.20532 10.1053/gast.2001.24839 10.1016/S0140-6736(80)91678-5 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.11.011 10.1053/jhep.2001.26511 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03857.x 10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80629-4 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01144.x 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.01.035 10.1016/S0168-8278(98)80345-0 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2000.00236.x 10.3748/wjg.v16.i5.554 10.1053/jhep.2000.19288 10.1128/JCM.38.9.3311-3316.2000 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2011 BioMed Central Ltd. Copyright ©2011 Mumtaz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011 Mumtaz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. |
Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2011 BioMed Central Ltd. – notice: Copyright ©2011 Mumtaz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011 Mumtaz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. |
DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION ISR 7X8 5PM DOA |
DOI | 10.1186/1743-422X-8-312 |
DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed CrossRef Science In Context MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Medicine Biology |
EISSN | 1743-422X |
EndPage | 312 |
ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_390a1744df5b49cf893764ee5016ec58 oai_biomedcentral_com_1743_422X_8_312 A261103687 10_1186_1743_422X_8_312 21689416 |
Genre | Journal Article |
GeographicLocations | Pakistan South Asia |
GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Pakistan – name: South Asia |
GroupedDBID | --- -A0 0R~ 123 29Q 2VQ 2WC 3V. 4.4 53G 5VS 7X7 88E 8FI 8FJ AAFWJ AAHBH AAJSJ ABDBF ABUWG ACGFO ACGFS ACIHN ACMJI ACPRK ACRMQ ADBBV ADINQ ADRAZ ADUKV AEAQA AENEX AFKRA AHBYD AHMBA AHSBF AHYZX ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMKLP AMTXH AOIJS BAPOH BAWUL BCNDV BENPR BFQNJ BMC BPHCQ BVXVI C1A C24 C6C CCPQU CGR CS3 CUY CVF DIK E3Z EAD EAP EAS EBD EBLON EBS ECM EIF EJD EMB EMK EMOBN ESX F5P FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 H13 HMCUK HYE IAO IFM IGS IHR INH INR IPNFZ ISR ITC KQ8 M1P M48 M~E NPM O5R O5S OK1 P2P PGMZT PIMPY PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO RBZ RIG RNS ROL RPM RSV SBL SOJ SV3 TR2 TUS UKHRP WOQ WOW XSB AAYXX AFPKN CITATION AFGXO ABVAZ AFNRJ 7X8 5PM |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-b618t-f8153199cfbb1490c5455aed18732323dda5c2571e65a18c8aca37434c72e5a63 |
IEDL.DBID | RPM |
ISSN | 1743-422X |
IngestDate | Tue Oct 22 15:14:12 EDT 2024 Tue Sep 17 21:17:01 EDT 2024 Wed May 22 07:16:56 EDT 2024 Sat Oct 26 05:28:04 EDT 2024 Thu Feb 22 23:45:09 EST 2024 Fri Feb 02 04:19:49 EST 2024 Thu Aug 01 20:28:55 EDT 2024 Thu Sep 12 16:51:37 EDT 2024 Thu Oct 24 10:02:25 EDT 2024 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 1 |
Language | English |
License | This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-b618t-f8153199cfbb1490c5455aed18732323dda5c2571e65a18c8aca37434c72e5a63 |
Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
OpenAccessLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138432/ |
PMID | 21689416 |
PQID | 876251367 |
PQPubID | 23479 |
ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_390a1744df5b49cf893764ee5016ec58 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3138432 biomedcentral_primary_oai_biomedcentral_com_1743_422X_8_312 proquest_miscellaneous_876251367 gale_infotracmisc_A261103687 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A261103687 gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A261103687 crossref_primary_10_1186_1743_422X_8_312 pubmed_primary_21689416 |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2011-06-20 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2011-06-20 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 06 year: 2011 text: 2011-06-20 day: 20 |
PublicationDecade | 2010 |
PublicationPlace | England |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England |
PublicationTitle | Virology journal |
PublicationTitleAlternate | Virol J |
PublicationYear | 2011 |
Publisher | BioMed Central Ltd BioMed Central BMC |
Publisher_xml | – name: BioMed Central Ltd – name: BioMed Central – name: BMC |
References | F Rodriguez (1412_CR18) 2001; 34 BG Giovanni (1412_CR25) 2000; 32 CW Su (1412_CR17) 2006; 130 G Fattovich (1412_CR22) 2008; 48 N Coppola (1412_CR19) 2000; 32 M Rizzetto (1412_CR4) 1980; 1 K Mumtaz (1412_CR9) 2005; 20 K Mumtaz (1412_CR13) 2011; 11 T Stroffolini (1412_CR6) 1994; 21 B Heidrich (1412_CR23) 2009; 16 T Moatter (1412_CR12) 2007; 13 M Cotrina (1412_CR5) 1998; 28 H Degertekin (1412_CR8) 2006; 17 T Yamashiro (1412_CR15) 2004; 189 JM Taylor (1412_CR1) 2006; 344 E Flodgren (1412_CR20) 2000; 38 V Williams (1412_CR29) 2009; 90 SJ Hadziyannis (1412_CR2) 1997; 12 AS Lok (1412_CR21) 2001; 120 GB Gaeta (1412_CR7) 2000; 32 M Lindh (1412_CR27) 2000; 7 E Caturelli (1412_CR3) 2003; 226 Su CW (1412_CR11) 2006; 130 SJ Hadziyannis (1412_CR16) 1985; 5 NK Seetlani (1412_CR24) 2009; 59 H Sakugawa (1412_CR14) 2001; 65 G Fattovich (1412_CR30) 1987; 155 Z Abbas (1412_CR10) 2010; 16 E Orito (1412_CR28) 2001; 33 SP Luby (1412_CR26) 1997; 119 |
References_xml | – volume: 226 start-page: 691 year: 2003 ident: 1412_CR3 publication-title: Radiology doi: 10.1148/radiol.2263011737 contributor: fullname: E Caturelli – volume: 344 start-page: 71 year: 2006 ident: 1412_CR1 publication-title: Virology doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.09.033 contributor: fullname: JM Taylor – volume: 189 start-page: 1151 year: 2004 ident: 1412_CR15 publication-title: J Infect Dis doi: 10.1086/382133 contributor: fullname: T Yamashiro – volume: 5 start-page: 544 year: 1985 ident: 1412_CR16 publication-title: Hepatology doi: 10.1002/hep.1840050404 contributor: fullname: SJ Hadziyannis – volume: 155 start-page: 931 year: 1987 ident: 1412_CR30 publication-title: J Infect Dis doi: 10.1093/infdis/155.5.931 contributor: fullname: G Fattovich – volume: 119 start-page: 349 year: 1997 ident: 1412_CR26 publication-title: Epidemiol Infect doi: 10.1017/S0950268897007899 contributor: fullname: SP Luby – volume: 32 start-page: 824 year: 2000 ident: 1412_CR25 publication-title: Hepatology doi: 10.1053/jhep.2000.17711 contributor: fullname: BG Giovanni – volume: 12 start-page: 289 year: 1997 ident: 1412_CR2 publication-title: J: Gastroenterol Hepatol doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00424.x contributor: fullname: SJ Hadziyannis – volume: 65 start-page: 478 year: 2001 ident: 1412_CR14 publication-title: J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.2061 contributor: fullname: H Sakugawa – volume: 90 start-page: 2759 year: 2009 ident: 1412_CR29 publication-title: J Gen Virol doi: 10.1099/vir.0.011239-0 contributor: fullname: V Williams – volume: 11 start-page: 25 issue: 1 year: 2011 ident: 1412_CR13 publication-title: Hepatitis Monthly contributor: fullname: K Mumtaz – volume: 13 start-page: 2604 year: 2007 ident: 1412_CR12 publication-title: World J Gastroenterol doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i18.2604 contributor: fullname: T Moatter – volume: 33 start-page: 218 issue: 1 year: 2001 ident: 1412_CR28 publication-title: Hepatology doi: 10.1053/jhep.2001.20532 contributor: fullname: E Orito – volume: 17 start-page: 25 year: 2006 ident: 1412_CR8 publication-title: Turk J Gastroenterol contributor: fullname: H Degertekin – volume: 120 start-page: 1828 year: 2001 ident: 1412_CR21 publication-title: Gastroenterology doi: 10.1053/gast.2001.24839 contributor: fullname: AS Lok – volume: 1 start-page: 1215 year: 1980 ident: 1412_CR4 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(80)91678-5 contributor: fullname: M Rizzetto – volume: 59 start-page: 434 year: 2009 ident: 1412_CR24 publication-title: J Pak Med Assoc contributor: fullname: NK Seetlani – volume: 48 start-page: 335 year: 2008 ident: 1412_CR22 publication-title: J Hepatology doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.11.011 contributor: fullname: G Fattovich – volume: 34 start-page: 404 year: 2001 ident: 1412_CR18 publication-title: Hepatology doi: 10.1053/jhep.2001.26511 contributor: fullname: F Rodriguez – volume: 20 start-page: 1503 year: 2005 ident: 1412_CR9 publication-title: J Gastroenterol Hepatol doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03857.x contributor: fullname: K Mumtaz – volume: 21 start-page: 1123 year: 1994 ident: 1412_CR6 publication-title: J Hepatol doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80629-4 contributor: fullname: T Stroffolini – volume: 16 start-page: 883 year: 2009 ident: 1412_CR23 publication-title: Journal of Viral Hepatitis doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01144.x contributor: fullname: B Heidrich – volume: 130 start-page: 1625 year: 2006 ident: 1412_CR11 publication-title: Gastroenterology doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.01.035 contributor: fullname: Su CW – volume: 130 start-page: 1625 year: 2006 ident: 1412_CR17 publication-title: Gastroenterology doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.01.035 contributor: fullname: CW Su – volume: 28 start-page: 971 year: 1998 ident: 1412_CR5 publication-title: J Hepatol doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278(98)80345-0 contributor: fullname: M Cotrina – volume: 7 start-page: 258 year: 2000 ident: 1412_CR27 publication-title: J Viral Hepat doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2000.00236.x contributor: fullname: M Lindh – volume: 16 start-page: 554 issue: 5 year: 2010 ident: 1412_CR10 publication-title: World J Gastroenterol doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i5.554 contributor: fullname: Z Abbas – volume: 32 start-page: 1106 year: 2000 ident: 1412_CR19 publication-title: Hepatology doi: 10.1053/jhep.2000.19288 contributor: fullname: N Coppola – volume: 32 start-page: 824 year: 2000 ident: 1412_CR7 publication-title: Hepatology doi: 10.1053/jhep.2000.17711 contributor: fullname: GB Gaeta – volume: 38 start-page: 3311 issue: 9 year: 2000 ident: 1412_CR20 publication-title: J Clin Microbiol doi: 10.1128/JCM.38.9.3311-3316.2000 contributor: fullname: E Flodgren |
SSID | ssj0032679 |
Score | 2.1076617 |
Snippet | There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We studied the impact... Background and Aims There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We... BACKGROUND & AIMSThere is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We... BACKGROUND & AIMS: There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South Asia. We... Abstract Background & Aims There is a paucity of data on the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from South... |
SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral biomedcentral proquest gale crossref pubmed |
SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database |
StartPage | 312 |
SubjectTerms | Adult Care and treatment Comorbidity Delta-associated agent Diagnosis Disease transmission DNA, Viral - blood Female Hepatitis Antibodies - blood Hepatitis B Hepatitis B - complications Hepatitis B - epidemiology Hepatitis B - pathology Hepatitis B - virology Hepatitis B e Antigens - blood Hepatitis B virus - genetics Hepatitis D - epidemiology Hepatitis D - virology Hepatitis Delta Virus - classification Hepatitis Delta Virus - genetics Hepatitis Delta Virus - isolation & purification Humans Liver Cirrhosis - epidemiology Liver Cirrhosis - pathology Liver Function Tests Male Middle Aged Pakistan - epidemiology Physiological aspects Viral Load |
SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: BioMed Central dbid: RBZ link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1bi9QwFA6yovgiut6qqwQR9KXYNJdJ8GlWXFZhFdSVwZeQpolbWDoy7Qj-e8_pZdzs-uZrcxKacz-5fCHkBWJweWlizn0hcwEhL68KZ3JWychdrKWIuDRw8lEdn4oPK7n6CxZ9aQefafUaU-ZclOUqx4U88LbXS8Q4x8L88PvsdCEJGWD1dsQTis8_Brh0s_08CUgDbv9V73whPKVHJy_EoqM75PaURNLlKPW75Fpo98mN8VnJ3_vk5sm0YX6PfPrWbGb3Rl1b0_kmJPUpUjNdR3oW8Hh133S0Due9o7-azbajTUuHd_bosmvcfXJ69O7r2-N8ekMhrxTTfR41QyszPlYVFEOFh4xJulAzveCQTPG6dtKD2bKgpGPaa-cdB4YJvyiDdIo_IHvtug2PCFUqMm0KV3rjRYhGG1ZrI0JVVIYZrzLyJmGs_TniZVhEsE5bwJgsisWiWKy2IJaMvJrFsOs4FChaXSU9RDEl4w8fQG3sZHCWw59CP1FHWQmYPuZlSoQgIccNXuqMPEchW8TAaPGQzQ-37Tr7_stnu4SqkkFk14uMvJyI4hp-3LvpzgIwBGGzEsqDhBKM1CfNdNYli014sq0N621nMRpJxM3LyMNRtXbzKpkC_jJg7CJRumTiaUvbnA0Q4ZxxLXj5-L9E8oTcGlfQFfjSA7LXb7bhKaRgffVsML4_CqYrnw priority: 500 providerName: BioMedCentral – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3NaxQxFA9SqHgRrV9jWwki6CV0M5NkM3jaFksVqqBW9haSTGIHyqzszBb8731vPpaNPXjxmpcZJu_7ZV5-IeQNYnB5WUZW-JlkAkIeczNbMu5kLGyspIi4NXD5WV1ciU9Ludy56gt7wgZ44IFxJ1CTW8iaRRWlE6WPGF-VCEFCrhK8HI75cjkVU4MPhpykR9nDdJuJPF-OoD5cq5PtGMONwfyvg-43SXzqYfzvOuudaJV2Uu6EpvNH5OGYU9LFsJbH5F5oDsj-cMvk7wNy_3L8f_6EfPlRrydvR21T0elgJPUpcDNdRXodsNu6q1tahZvO0tt6vWlp3dD-2j26aGv7lFydf_h-dsHGKxWYU1x3LGqORgd8dA5qo5mHBEraUHE9LyC3KqrKSg9WzIOSlmuvrbcFMEz4eR6kVcUzstesmvCCUKUi1yCc3JdehFjqkle6FMHNXMlLrzLyPmGs-TXAZxgEtE4pYFsGxWJQLEYbEEtG3k1i2D7Y1yta3Z16imJK3t8PgBqZUY3Mv9QoI69RyAYhMRrsuflpN21rPn77ahZQZHII9HqekbfjpLiCD_d2PMIADEEUrWTmUTITbNYnZDrpkkESNro1YbVpDQYniTB6GXk-qNZ2XTlXwF8OjJ0nSpcsPKU09XWPGF7wQosif_k_OHVIHgz76go87BHZ69abcAyJWede9Tb4B6hUMpA priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: Scholars Portal Open Access Journals dbid: M48 link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bi9QwFA6yovgiut66u0oQQV-qk-YyCSIyissqjII6Mm8hTZPdwtDRdkbcf-85nc64YffJ156kJOee23cIeYYYXF6amHM_krmAkJeXI2dyVsrIXaykiLg1MP2sTmbi01zO_5UDGhjYXbm0w3pSs3bx8s-v87dg8G96g9fqFSbVuSiKeY5bfeCPrxeCC1T3qdgdKUCaMjYDts8VnXpQYKWNwMLnydP3RRKxemD_y-77QvxK71ZeCFbHd8jtIcukk41a3CXXQrNPbmzqTp7vk5vT4UT9Hvnyo263_o-6pqLbp5LUp1DOdBnpWcD716u6o1VYrBz9XbfrjtYN7Qvx0UlXu_tkdvzh-_uTfCiykJeK6VUeNUMzND6WJayWRh5SKulCxfSYQ7bFq8pJD3bNgpKOaa-ddxx4J_y4CNIp_oDsNcsmPCJUqci0GbnCGy9CNNqwCjgaylFpmPEqI68TxtqfG0ANixDXKQWszaKELErIagsSysiLrRh2HfsVjFaXm75DMSX_7z8s21M7WKTlMFLoJ6ooSwHTx8RNiRAkJMHBS52RpyhkiyAZDd7COXXrrrMfv321E1h2Mgj9epyR50OjuISBezc8agCGIK5W0vIoaQlW7BMy3eqSRRJefWvCct1ZDFcSgfUy8nCjWrt5bTU2I-NE6ZKJp5SmPusxxDnjWvDi4L97HpJbm-11BY72iOyt2nV4DPnZqnzS291frx04Yw priority: 102 providerName: Scholars Portal |
Title | Virological and clinical characteristics of hepatitis delta virus in South Asia |
URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21689416 https://search.proquest.com/docview/876251367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-8-312 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3138432 https://doaj.org/article/390a1744df5b49cf893764ee5016ec58 |
Volume | 8 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3Nb9MwFLe2IRAXBANGYFQWQoJL1jr-iC1O7bRpVOqYOoYqLpbjOFukLp2aFon_nud8TLN24-JIeXZkvw-_Z-f5Z4Q-ewwuy1URUzviMQOXF2cjo2KS8YKaIues8FsDs3NxdsWmC77YQbw_C9Mk7dusPKqWt0dVedPkVt7d2mGfJza8mB1TQiWjyXAX7aaU9kv0dvqFcCRVHYYPkWLoI-6YJcki9vuASQP-K6Ri_oLz4Ij7MvBMDYD_42n6gZ8KcygfOKXTl-hFF03icdvrV2jHVfvoaXu_5N999GzW_Tl_jX78Ktf9PIdNleP-SCS2IWQzXhX4xvk8601Z49wtNwb_KdfbGpcVbi7cw-O6NG_Q1enJz-OzuLtMIc4EkZu4kMSbm7JFlsGqaGQhdOLG5USmFKIqmueGW7Bf4gQ3RFpprKHAO2bTxHEj6Fu0V60q9w5hIQoi1cgkVlnmCiUVyYGjLhtliigrIvQtYKy-a4EztIeyDilgVdpLSHsJaalBQhH62ovhvmGzUpHicdWJF1Pw_ebFan2tO4XRFHoK7Vhe8IzB8H2AJphzHIJdZ7mM0CcvZO3BMCqfbXNttnWtv1_O9RiWlwRcvEwj9KWrVKyg49Z0hxeAIR4_K6h5GNQEa7UBGfe6pD3Jp7hVbrWttXdL3APoReigVa37cfUaG6E0ULpg4CEFTKfBCu9M5f1_t_yAnrfb6AIm1EO0t1lv3UeIwzbZAKxvkQ7Qk_F4ejmF5-Tk_GI-aHY1oJwxCeV88nvQ2Oc_lhM4cA |
link.rule.ids | 108,230,315,733,786,790,870,891,2115,2236,24346,24965,27955,27956,31753,33778,53825,53827,76167,76168 |
linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bb9MwFLbGEJcXLmNAYICFkOAlbZ3Yri2eysTUwToQbFPfLNtxtogunZoUCX49x7lMM3uC1xw7yul3bnaPPyP0xnNwWSbzOLUjFlNIebEZaRkTw_JU5xmjud8amB3y6TH9NGfzDcT6szBN0741xaBcnA_K4qzprbw4t8O-T2z4dbabklTQNBneQDfBXxPWL9LbAAwFyVh2LD5E8KGvuWOaJPPY7wQmDf0vF5L6K86DQ-6LIDc1FP7XA_WVTBV2UV5JS3v30UmvUNuN8mOwrs3A_v6L6_GfNX6A7nWFKp604odow5Vb6FZ7deWvLXR71v0p_wh9OSlWfQjFusxwf9oS25ANGi9zfOZ8C3ddVDhzi1rjn8VqXeGixM1dfnhSFXobHe99PNqdxt09DbHhRNRxLoj3ZGlzY2DBNbJQlTHtMiLGKRRsaZZpZiE0EMeZJsIKbXUKoFA7ThzTPH2MNstl6Z4izHlOhBzpxEpLXS6FJBlA5czISCItj9D7ADF10XJyKM-SHUrAYZWHXnnolVAAfYTe9fheTmwWQYJfH_rB4x-8v3mwXJ2qDhmVwpfCPJrlzFBQ39d-nDrHoI52lokIvfbWozzPRukbeU71uqrU_vdvagIrVwLVgxhH6G03KF_Ch1vdnYuAH8RTcwUjd4KREAhsIMa9kSov8t1zpVuuK-UzHvPcfBF60trspV69K0RoHFhzoHgoARttaMg7m3z23zNfoTvTo9mBOtg__Pwc3W136znE7R20Wa_W7gWUe7V52Tj3HxYKU3M |
linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3Nb9MwFLdgiInLgPEVGGAhJLikrZPYccSpDKoN6JiAoYqLZTv2Fq1LqyZFgr-e53xMNbvtGj9Hfnmfdp5_D6HXDoNL08yGsR7RMIGQF6qRzEKiqI2lzWli3dHA9IgdnCSfZnS20eqrKdrXqhiU84tBWZw1tZXLCz3s68SGx9P9mMQ8iaPhMrfDm-gW2GyU9hv11glDUpJmHZIP4Wzo8u4wiaJZ6E4DowYCmPEscW3OvYvucy8-NTD-V531RrTyKyk3QtPkLvrVM9VWpJwP1rUa6L__4T1ei-t7aKdLWPG4JbmPbphyF91uW1j-2UXb0-7n_AP09Wex6l0plmWO-1uXWPuo0Hhh8Zlxpdx1UeHczGuJfxerdYWLEjc9_fC4KuRDdDL5-GP_IOz6NYSKEV6HlhNn0Zm2SsHGa6QhO6PS5ISnMSRucZ5LqsFFEMOoJFxzqWUMgkl0GhkqWfwIbZWL0jxBmDFLeDaSkc50YmzGM5KDuIwaqYxkmgXonSc1sWyxOYRDy_ZHwHCFE79w4hdcgPgD9LaX8eXEZjPE2VXS904HvPc3DxarU9FJR8SwUpiX5JaqBNh3OSBLjKGQTxtNeYBeOQ0SDm-jdAU9p3JdVeLw-zcxhh0sgSyCpwF60xHZBSxcy-5-BHwQB9HlUe55lOAQtDeMe0UVbshV0ZVmsa6Ei3zUYfQF6HGrt5d89eYQoNTTaI9xfwT0tIEj7_Ty6bVnvkTbxx8m4svh0edn6E57aM_Afe-hrXq1Ns8h66vVi8a-_wGjflXz |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Virological+and+clinical+characteristics+of+hepatitis+delta+virus+in+South+Asia&rft.jtitle=Virology+journal&rft.au=Mumtaz%2C+Khalid&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+Umair+S&rft.au=Memon%2C+Sadik&rft.au=Khawaja%2C+Ali&rft.date=2011-06-20&rft.pub=BioMed+Central&rft.eissn=1743-422X&rft.volume=8&rft.spage=312&rft.epage=312&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1743-422X-8-312&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21689416&rft.externalDBID=PMC3138432 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1743-422X&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1743-422X&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1743-422X&client=summon |