Occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders in current and former elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ObjectivesTo present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders among current and former elite athletes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive electronic databases were searched from inception to November...
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| Published in | British journal of sports medicine Vol. 53; no. 11; pp. 700 - 706 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
01.06.2019
BMJ Publishing Group LTD BMJ Publishing Group |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | ObjectivesTo present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders among current and former elite athletes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive electronic databases were searched from inception to November 2018: PubMed (MEDLINE), SportDiscus via EBSCO, PSycINFO via ProQuest, Scopus and Cochrane.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included original quantitative studies that were written in English, were conducted exclusively among current or former elite athletes, and presented incidence or prevalence rates of symptoms of mental disorders.ResultsTwenty-two relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among current elite athletes were included: they presented data especially on symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 2895 to 5555 current elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression. Fifteen relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among former elite athletes were included: they similarly presented data especially about symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 1579 to 1686 former elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression.ConclusionsOur meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression for current elite athletes, and from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression for former elite athletes. |
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| AbstractList | ObjectivesTo present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders among current and former elite athletes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive electronic databases were searched from inception to November 2018: PubMed (MEDLINE), SportDiscus via EBSCO, PSycINFO via ProQuest, Scopus and Cochrane.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included original quantitative studies that were written in English, were conducted exclusively among current or former elite athletes, and presented incidence or prevalence rates of symptoms of mental disorders.ResultsTwenty-two relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among current elite athletes were included: they presented data especially on symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 2895 to 5555 current elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression. Fifteen relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among former elite athletes were included: they similarly presented data especially about symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 1579 to 1686 former elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression.ConclusionsOur meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression for current elite athletes, and from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression for former elite athletes. To present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders among current and former elite athletes.OBJECTIVESTo present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders among current and former elite athletes.Systematic review and meta-analysis.DESIGNSystematic review and meta-analysis.Five electronic databases were searched from inception to November 2018: PubMed (MEDLINE), SportDiscus via EBSCO, PSycINFO via ProQuest, Scopus and Cochrane.DATA SOURCESFive electronic databases were searched from inception to November 2018: PubMed (MEDLINE), SportDiscus via EBSCO, PSycINFO via ProQuest, Scopus and Cochrane.We included original quantitative studies that were written in English, were conducted exclusively among current or former elite athletes, and presented incidence or prevalence rates of symptoms of mental disorders.ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIESWe included original quantitative studies that were written in English, were conducted exclusively among current or former elite athletes, and presented incidence or prevalence rates of symptoms of mental disorders.Twenty-two relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among current elite athletes were included: they presented data especially on symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 2895 to 5555 current elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression. Fifteen relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among former elite athletes were included: they similarly presented data especially about symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 1579 to 1686 former elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression.RESULTSTwenty-two relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among current elite athletes were included: they presented data especially on symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 2895 to 5555 current elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression. Fifteen relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among former elite athletes were included: they similarly presented data especially about symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 1579 to 1686 former elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression.Our meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression for current elite athletes, and from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression for former elite athletes.CONCLUSIONSOur meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression for current elite athletes, and from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression for former elite athletes. To present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders among current and former elite athletes. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Five electronic databases were searched from inception to November 2018: PubMed (MEDLINE), SportDiscus via EBSCO, PSycINFO via ProQuest, Scopus and Cochrane. We included original quantitative studies that were written in English, were conducted exclusively among current or former elite athletes, and presented incidence or prevalence rates of symptoms of mental disorders. Twenty-two relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among current elite athletes were included: they presented data especially on symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 2895 to 5555 current elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression. Fifteen relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among former elite athletes were included: they similarly presented data especially about symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 1579 to 1686 former elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression. Our meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression for current elite athletes, and from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression for former elite athletes. |
| Author | Hitchcock, Mary E Castaldelli-Maia, João Mauricio Reardon, Claudia L Kerkhoffs, Gino M Gouttebarge, Vincent Rice, Simon M Gorczynski, Paul Hainline, Brian |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS) , AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center of Excellence , Amsterdam , The Netherlands 9 Research and Translation , Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia 3 Department of Neuroscience , Medical School, Fundação do ABC , Santo André , Brazil 8 Amsterdam Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine , Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands 10 Centre for Youth Mental Health , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia 12 University Health Services , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin , USA 4 Department of Psychiatry , Medical School, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil 7 Ebling Library for the Health Sciences , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA 6 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) , Indianapolis , Indiana , USA 1 Amsterdam UMC, Univ of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Amsterdam Movement Sc |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Amsterdam UMC, Univ of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Meibergdreef 9 , Amsterdam , The Netherlands – name: 2 Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS) , AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center of Excellence , Amsterdam , The Netherlands – name: 3 Department of Neuroscience , Medical School, Fundação do ABC , Santo André , Brazil – name: 9 Research and Translation , Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia – name: 5 Sport and Exercise Science , University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth , UK – name: 12 University Health Services , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin , USA – name: 11 Department of Psychiatry , University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison , Wisconsin , USA – name: 4 Department of Psychiatry , Medical School, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil – name: 6 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) , Indianapolis , Indiana , USA – name: 8 Amsterdam Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine , Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands – name: 10 Centre for Youth Mental Health , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia – name: 7 Ebling Library for the Health Sciences , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Vincent orcidid: 0000-0002-0126-4177 surname: Gouttebarge fullname: Gouttebarge, Vincent email: v.gouttebarge@amsterdamumc.nl organization: Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center of Excellence, Amsterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 2 givenname: João Mauricio orcidid: 0000-0001-9621-2291 surname: Castaldelli-Maia fullname: Castaldelli-Maia, João Mauricio organization: Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Paul surname: Gorczynski fullname: Gorczynski, Paul organization: Sport and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK – sequence: 4 givenname: Brian orcidid: 0000-0002-0233-2434 surname: Hainline fullname: Hainline, Brian organization: National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), Indianapolis, Indiana, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Mary E surname: Hitchcock fullname: Hitchcock, Mary E organization: Ebling Library for the Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Gino M surname: Kerkhoffs fullname: Kerkhoffs, Gino M organization: Amsterdam Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 7 givenname: Simon M surname: Rice fullname: Rice, Simon M organization: Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 8 givenname: Claudia L orcidid: 0000-0002-1767-1500 surname: Reardon fullname: Reardon, Claudia L organization: University Health Services, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31097451$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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9 Escobar-Molina, Rodríguez-Ruiz, Gutiérrez-García 2015; 25 Gouttebarge, Hopley, Kerkhoffs 2018; 18 Gouttebarge, Jonkers, Moen 2017; 35 Tan, Calitri, Bloodworth 2016; 35 Rosenvinge, Sundgot-Borgen, Pettersen 2018; 9 Willer, Tiso, Haider 2018; 33 Gouttebarge, Goedhart, Kerkhoffs 2018; 4 van Ramele, Aoki, Kerkhoffs 2017; 28 Ö, Aoki, Haagensen 2017; 17 Schaal, Tafflet, Nassif 2011; 6 Esopenko, Chow, Tartaglia 2017; 88 Gouttebarge, Aoki, Ekstrand 2016; 24 DerSimonian, Laird 1986; 7 Schwenk, Gorenflo, Dopp 2007; 39 Gouttebarge, Aoki, Lambert 2017; 45 King, Nazareth, Levy 2008; 192 Gouttebarge, Kerkhoffs 2017; 45 Gouttebarge, Jonkers, Moen 2017; 45 Li, Moreland, Peek-Asa 2017; 45 Bültmann, Kant, Kasl 2002; 52 Gouttebarge, Aoki, Verhagen 2016; 7 Gulliver, Griffiths, Mackinnon 2015; 18 Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff 2009; 339 Schuring, Aoki, Gray 2017; 25 Junge, Feddermann-Demont 2016; 2 Steel, Marnane, Iranpour 2014; 43 Rice, Purcell, De Silva 2016; 46 Gouttebarge, Aoki, Kerkhoffs 2015; 49 Guskiewicz, Marshall, Bailes 2005; 57 Arnold, Fletcher 2012; 34 Hoy, Brooks, Woolf 2012; 65 Gouttebarge, Hopley, Kerkhoffs 2017; 38 Schuring, Kerkhoffs, Gray 2017; 45 Kerr, Marshall, Harding 2012; 40 Engel 1977; 196 Hulley, Hill 2001; 30 Gouttebarge, Aoki, Kerkhoffs 2016; 56 Drew, Vlahovich, Hughes 2018; 52 Giel, Hermann-Werner, Mayer 2016; 49 Gouttebarge, Frings-Dresen, Sluiter 2015; 65 Lynge, Munk-Jørgensen, Pedersen 2004; 63 Gouttebarge, Tol, Kerkhoffs 2016; 44 Gouttebarge, Kerkhoffs, Lambert 2016; 16 Wippert, Wippert 2010; 4 Knights, Sherry, Ruddock-Hudson 2016; 28 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.32) 2016; 7 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.12) 2015; 49 Prinz (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.49) 2016; 2 Du Preez (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.17) 2017; 27 Rosenvinge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.50) 2018; 9 Schuring (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.56) 2017; 25 Schaal (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.29) 2011; 6 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.16 Wippert (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.57) 2010; 4 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.58 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.11 Junge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.28) 2016; 2 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.10 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.51 Li (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.48) 2017; 45 Kiliç (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.47) 2018; 26 van Ramele (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.40) 2017; 28 Escobar-Molina (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.18) 2015; 25 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.59) 2017; 45 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.27 Foskett (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.19) 2018; 21 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.25 Brown (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.31) 2017; 38 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.64 Giel (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.20) 2016; 49 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.63 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.60 Schuring (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.14) 2017; 45 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.61 Arvinen-Barrow (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.54) 2017; 11 Sanders (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.38) 2017; 17 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.1 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.21) 2016; 44 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.13) 2017; 45 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.5 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.4 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.3 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.2 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.33) 2016; 56 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.43) 2017; 45 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.9 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.7 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.39 Moher (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.8) 2009; 339 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.37 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.35 Hart (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.36) 2013; 70 Verhaak (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.53) 2005; 519 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.23) 2017; 38 Arnold (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.6) 2012; 34 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.34 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.22) 2017; 27 Lynge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.52) 2004; 63 Biggins (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.15) 2018; 46 Tan (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.30) 2016; 35 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.24) 2018; 18 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.44 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.45 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.62) 2018; 4 2024100707101142000_53.11.700.42 Håkansson (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.26) 2018; 8 Knights (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.55) 2016; 28 Willer (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.41) 2018; 33 Gouttebarge (2024100707101142000_53.11.700.46) 2016; 24 |
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| SubjectTerms | Alcohol-Related Disorders - epidemiology Anxiety Anxiety - epidemiology Athletes - psychology Bias depression Depression - epidemiology Full text Humans Incidence Medical Subject Headings-MeSH mental Mental depression Mental disorders Mental Disorders - epidemiology Mental health Meta-analysis Population Prevalence Professional hockey Researchers sleep Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology Studies Systematic Review |
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| Title | Occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders in current and former elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
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