Optimised anthropometric indices as predictive screening tools for metabolic syndrome in adults: a cross-sectional study
ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and body mass index (BMI) multiply by the square root of BMI and waist circumference (BMI√WC), and to comprehensively compare the ability of 10 anth...
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Published in | BMJ open Vol. 11; no. 1; p. e043952 |
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31.01.2021
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Abstract | ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and body mass index (BMI) multiply by the square root of BMI and waist circumference (BMI√WC), and to comprehensively compare the ability of 10 anthropometric indices to identify MetS, including BMI√WC, WHT.5R, abdominal volume index (AVI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Body Roundness Index (BRI).DesignCross-sectional study.SettingNingxia, China.ParticipantsA total of 3860 adults aged 18–88 years from Ningxia, China were recruited by a single stratified cluster random sampling method.MethodsORs and 95% CIs for associations between indices and MetS were calculated using binary logistic regression, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were performed to compare their predictive capacity for MetS. All results for men and women were analysed and presented separately.ResultsThe highest adjusted ORs for MetS were observed for the following indices: AVI (OR 15.22, 95% CI 10.88 to 21.30), WHT.5R (OR 13.83, 95% CI 9.89 to 19.35) and BMI√WC (OR 12.14, 95% CI 8.79 to 16.76) in men, whereas BRI, WHtR (both OR 14.91, 95% CI 10.39 to 21.4), WHT.5R (OR 14.22, 95% CI 9.96 to 20.29) and AVI (OR 14.03, 95% CI 9.91 to 19.87) in women. In ROC analysis, AVI (AUC: 0.767 for men and 0.749 for women) and WHT.5R (AUC: 0.761 for men and 0.747 for women) showed the highest predictive ability for MetS.ConclusionsBMI√WC and WHT.5R were significantly positively associated with MetS, and AVI and WHT.5R could be useful screening tools for identifying MetS in both sexes. |
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AbstractList | OBJECTIVESWe aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and body mass index (BMI) multiply by the square root of BMI and waist circumference (BMI√WC), and to comprehensively compare the ability of 10 anthropometric indices to identify MetS, including BMI√WC, WHT.5R, abdominal volume index (AVI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Body Roundness Index (BRI). DESIGNCross-sectional study. SETTINGNingxia, China. PARTICIPANTSA total of 3860 adults aged 18-88 years from Ningxia, China were recruited by a single stratified cluster random sampling method. METHODSORs and 95% CIs for associations between indices and MetS were calculated using binary logistic regression, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were performed to compare their predictive capacity for MetS. All results for men and women were analysed and presented separately. RESULTSThe highest adjusted ORs for MetS were observed for the following indices: AVI (OR 15.22, 95% CI 10.88 to 21.30), WHT.5R (OR 13.83, 95% CI 9.89 to 19.35) and BMI√WC (OR 12.14, 95% CI 8.79 to 16.76) in men, whereas BRI, WHtR (both OR 14.91, 95% CI 10.39 to 21.4), WHT.5R (OR 14.22, 95% CI 9.96 to 20.29) and AVI (OR 14.03, 95% CI 9.91 to 19.87) in women. In ROC analysis, AVI (AUC: 0.767 for men and 0.749 for women) and WHT.5R (AUC: 0.761 for men and 0.747 for women) showed the highest predictive ability for MetS. CONCLUSIONSBMI√WC and WHT.5R were significantly positively associated with MetS, and AVI and WHT.5R could be useful screening tools for identifying MetS in both sexes. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and body mass index (BMI) multiply by the square root of BMI and waist circumference (BMI√WC), and to comprehensively compare the ability of 10 anthropometric indices to identify MetS, including BMI√WC, WHT.5R, abdominal volume index (AVI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Body Roundness Index (BRI). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Ningxia, China. Participants A total of 3860 adults aged 18–88 years from Ningxia, China were recruited by a single stratified cluster random sampling method. Methods ORs and 95% CIs for associations between indices and MetS were calculated using binary logistic regression, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were performed to compare their predictive capacity for MetS. All results for men and women were analysed and presented separately. Results The highest adjusted ORs for MetS were observed for the following indices: AVI (OR 15.22, 95% CI 10.88 to 21.30), WHT.5R (OR 13.83, 95% CI 9.89 to 19.35) and BMI√WC (OR 12.14, 95% CI 8.79 to 16.76) in men, whereas BRI, WHtR (both OR 14.91, 95% CI 10.39 to 21.4), WHT.5R (OR 14.22, 95% CI 9.96 to 20.29) and AVI (OR 14.03, 95% CI 9.91 to 19.87) in women. In ROC analysis, AVI (AUC: 0.767 for men and 0.749 for women) and WHT.5R (AUC: 0.761 for men and 0.747 for women) showed the highest predictive ability for MetS. Conclusions BMI√WC and WHT.5R were significantly positively associated with MetS, and AVI and WHT.5R could be useful screening tools for identifying MetS in both sexes. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and body mass index (BMI) multiply by the square root of BMI and waist circumference (BMI√WC), and to comprehensively compare the ability of 10 anthropometric indices to identify MetS, including BMI√WC, WHT.5R, abdominal volume index (AVI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Body Roundness Index (BRI).Design Cross-sectional study.Setting Ningxia, China.Participants A total of 3860 adults aged 18–88 years from Ningxia, China were recruited by a single stratified cluster random sampling method.Methods ORs and 95% CIs for associations between indices and MetS were calculated using binary logistic regression, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were performed to compare their predictive capacity for MetS. All results for men and women were analysed and presented separately.Results The highest adjusted ORs for MetS were observed for the following indices: AVI (OR 15.22, 95% CI 10.88 to 21.30), WHT.5R (OR 13.83, 95% CI 9.89 to 19.35) and BMI√WC (OR 12.14, 95% CI 8.79 to 16.76) in men, whereas BRI, WHtR (both OR 14.91, 95% CI 10.39 to 21.4), WHT.5R (OR 14.22, 95% CI 9.96 to 20.29) and AVI (OR 14.03, 95% CI 9.91 to 19.87) in women. In ROC analysis, AVI (AUC: 0.767 for men and 0.749 for women) and WHT.5R (AUC: 0.761 for men and 0.747 for women) showed the highest predictive ability for MetS.Conclusions BMI√WC and WHT.5R were significantly positively associated with MetS, and AVI and WHT.5R could be useful screening tools for identifying MetS in both sexes. We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height (WHT.5R) and body mass index (BMI) multiply by the square root of BMI and waist circumference (BMI√WC), and to comprehensively compare the ability of 10 anthropometric indices to identify MetS, including BMI√WC, WHT.5R, abdominal volume index (AVI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Body Roundness Index (BRI). Cross-sectional study. Ningxia, China. A total of 3860 adults aged 18-88 years from Ningxia, China were recruited by a single stratified cluster random sampling method. ORs and 95% CIs for associations between indices and MetS were calculated using binary logistic regression, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were performed to compare their predictive capacity for MetS. All results for men and women were analysed and presented separately. The highest adjusted ORs for MetS were observed for the following indices: AVI (OR 15.22, 95% CI 10.88 to 21.30), WHT.5R (OR 13.83, 95% CI 9.89 to 19.35) and BMI√WC (OR 12.14, 95% CI 8.79 to 16.76) in men, whereas BRI, WHtR (both OR 14.91, 95% CI 10.39 to 21.4), WHT.5R (OR 14.22, 95% CI 9.96 to 20.29) and AVI (OR 14.03, 95% CI 9.91 to 19.87) in women. In ROC analysis, AVI (AUC: 0.767 for men and 0.749 for women) and WHT.5R (AUC: 0.761 for men and 0.747 for women) showed the highest predictive ability for MetS. BMI√WC and WHT.5R were significantly positively associated with MetS, and AVI and WHT.5R could be useful screening tools for identifying MetS in both sexes. |
Author | Tao, Xiujuan Yang, Jianjun Gao, Qinghan Wu, Yating Li, Hongyu Fan, Yanna |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Public Health Division , Yinchuan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Yinchuan , China 1 School of Public Health and Management , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , China |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 School of Public Health and Management , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , China – name: 2 Public Health Division , Yinchuan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Yinchuan , China |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yating surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Yating organization: School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Hongyu surname: Li fullname: Li, Hongyu organization: Public Health Division, Yinchuan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Xiujuan surname: Tao fullname: Tao, Xiujuan organization: School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Yanna surname: Fan fullname: Fan, Yanna organization: School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Qinghan surname: Gao fullname: Gao, Qinghan organization: School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Jianjun orcidid: 0000-0002-8332-5526 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Jianjun email: 1969@163.com organization: School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33518525$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_numecd_2021_05_026 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_19343_w crossref_primary_10_1186_s12872_023_03543_x crossref_primary_10_3390_jpm11080775 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_semerg_2023_101965 crossref_primary_10_18778_1898_6773_86_4_07 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph192013408 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0281599 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14061237 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm11102876 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2023_077646 crossref_primary_10_17826_cumj_1002607 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12876_022_02401_y crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2023_1149779 |
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Fernández-Aparicio – volume: 8 start-page: 339 year: 2009 article-title: Age-Related changes in total and regional fat distribution publication-title: Ageing Res Rev doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2009.06.001 contributor: fullname: Davidson – volume: 9 start-page: 1457 year: 2018 article-title: Agreement between the JCDCG, revised NCEP-ATPIII, and IDF definitions of metabolic syndrome in a northwestern Chinese population publication-title: Diabetes Ther doi: 10.1007/s13300-018-0446-9 contributor: fullname: Wang – volume: 2019 start-page: 1 year: 2019 article-title: Comparative abilities of body mass index, waist circumference, abdominal volume index, body adiposity index, and Conicity index as predictive screening tools for metabolic syndrome among apparently healthy Ghanaian adults publication-title: J Obes doi: 10.1155/2019/8143179 contributor: fullname: Amidu – volume: 120 start-page: 1640 year: 2009 article-title: Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International diabetes Federation Task force on epidemiology and prevention; National heart, lung, and blood Institute; American heart association; world heart Federation; international atherosclerosis Society; and international association for the study of obesity publication-title: Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644 contributor: fullname: Grundy – volume: 34 start-page: 428 year: 2003 article-title: Abdominal volume index. An anthropometry-based index for estimation of obesity is strongly related to impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Arch Med Res doi: 10.1016/S0188-4409(03)00073-0 contributor: fullname: Rodríguez-Morán – volume: 14 year: 2019 article-title: Can waist circumference provide a new "third" dimension to BMI when predicting percentage body fat in children? Insights using allometric modelling publication-title: Pediatr Obes doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12491 contributor: fullname: Wilkinson – volume: 7 year: 2012 article-title: A new body shape index predicts mortality hazard independently of body mass index publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039504 contributor: fullname: Krakauer – volume: 11 year: 2019 article-title: Validation of surrogate anthropometric indices in older adults: what is the best indicator of high cardiometabolic risk factor clustering? publication-title: Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu11081701 contributor: fullname: Izquierdo – volume: 49 year: 2019 article-title: Waist circumference and abdominal volume index are the strongest anthropometric discriminators of metabolic syndrome in Spanish adolescents publication-title: Eur J Clin Invest doi: 10.1111/eci.13060 contributor: fullname: Ramírez-Vélez – volume: 44 start-page: 837 year: 1988 article-title: Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach publication-title: Biometrics doi: 10.2307/2531595 contributor: fullname: Clarke-Pearson – volume: 21 year: 2020 article-title: Optimum waist circumference-height indices for evaluating adult adiposity: an analytic review publication-title: Obes Rev doi: 10.1111/obr.12947 contributor: fullname: Kennedy – volume: 57 start-page: 194 year: 2019 article-title: The feasibility of two anthropometric indices to identify metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and inflammatory factors in obese and overweight adults publication-title: Nutrition doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.05.004 contributor: fullname: Wu – volume: 248 start-page: 2 year: 2016 article-title: The prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of dyslipidemia among adults in China publication-title: Atherosclerosis doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.02.006 contributor: fullname: Wu – volume: 20 start-page: 1109 year: 2012 article-title: Dual-Energy X-ray performs as well as clinical computed tomography for the measurement of visceral fat publication-title: Obesity doi: 10.1038/oby.2011.367 contributor: fullname: Punyanitya – volume: 59 start-page: 709 year: 2016 article-title: Associations of total amount and patterns of sedentary behaviour with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: the Maastricht study publication-title: Diabetologia doi: 10.1007/s00125-015-3861-8 contributor: fullname: Bosma – volume: 67 start-page: 54 year: 2017 article-title: An association of metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease from a 10-year prospective cohort study publication-title: Metabolism doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.11.003 contributor: fullname: Kim – volume: 109 start-page: 717 year: 2016 article-title: Novel indexes for diagnosing metabolic syndrome in apparently healthy Gujarati Asian Indians: a cross-sectional study publication-title: QJM doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw056 contributor: fullname: Patel – volume: 11 year: 2019 article-title: The usefulness of anthropometric indices to identify the risk of metabolic syndrome publication-title: Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu11112598 contributor: fullname: Głuszek-Osuch – volume: 35 start-page: 2402 year: 2012 article-title: Metabolic syndrome and risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc12-0336 contributor: fullname: Colao – volume: 102 start-page: 349 year: 2016 article-title: Graphics and statistics for cardiology: comparing categorical and continuous variables publication-title: Heart doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308104 contributor: fullname: Lumley – volume: 6 year: 2016 article-title: Visceral adiposity and anthropometric indicators as screening tools of metabolic syndrome among low income rural adults in Xinjiang publication-title: Sci Rep doi: 10.1038/srep36091 contributor: fullname: Zhang – volume: 21 start-page: 415 year: 2007 article-title: Sexual dimorphism of body composition publication-title: Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2007.04.007 contributor: fullname: Wells – volume: 38 start-page: 1171 year: 2019 article-title: Central adiposity markers, plasma lipid profile and cardiometabolic risk prediction in overweight-obese individuals publication-title: Clin Nutr doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.04.014 contributor: fullname: Semolic – volume: 13 year: 2016 article-title: Comparison of anthropometric and atherogenic indices as screening tools of metabolic syndrome in the Kazakh adult population in Xinjiang publication-title: Int J Environ Res Public Health doi: 10.3390/ijerph13040428 contributor: fullname: He – volume: 54 start-page: 797 year: 2006 article-title: Management issues in the metabolic syndrome publication-title: J Assoc Physicians India contributor: fullname: Gupta – volume: 13 start-page: 48 year: 2019 article-title: Anthropometric parameter that best predict metabolic syndrome in South West Nigeria publication-title: Diabetes Metab Syndr doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.08.009 contributor: fullname: Azenabor – volume: 21 start-page: 2264 year: 2013 article-title: Relationships between body roundness with body fat and visceral adipose tissue emerging from a new geometrical model publication-title: Obesity doi: 10.1002/oby.20408 contributor: fullname: Bosy-Westphal – volume: 9 year: 2014 article-title: Entering a new era of body indices: the feasibility of a body shape index and body roundness index to identify cardiovascular health status publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107212 contributor: fullname: Verheggen – volume: 7 year: 2017 article-title: Comparison of anthropometric indices for predicting the risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in Chinese adults: a prospective, longitudinal study publication-title: BMJ Open doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016062 contributor: fullname: Zhao – volume: 27 start-page: 1470 year: 2017 article-title: Scaling waist girth for differences in body size reveals a new improved index associated with 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Snippet | ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and... We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height (WHT.5R) and body mass index... Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and... OBJECTIVESWe aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and... Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and two latest optimised indices, waist divided by height 0.5 (WHT.5R) and... |
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SubjectTerms | Abdomen Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Body Mass Index Body measurements China - epidemiology Cholesterol Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Epidemiology Female Humans Independent sample Laboratories Male Metabolic syndrome Metabolic Syndrome - diagnosis Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology Middle Aged Obesity preventive medicine Public Health Risk Factors ROC Curve statistics & research methods Waist Circumference Waist-Height Ratio Women Young Adult |
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Title | Optimised anthropometric indices as predictive screening tools for metabolic syndrome in adults: a cross-sectional study |
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