Non-pharmacological therapies for postviral syndromes, including Long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

IntroductionPostviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent development of COVID-19 has shown to have similar effects with individuals continuing to exhibit symptoms fo...

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Published inBMJ open Vol. 12; no. 4; p. e057885
Main Authors Chandan, Joht Singh, Brown, Kirsty, Simms-Williams, Nikita, Camaradou, Jenny, Bashir, Nasir, Heining, Dominic, Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee, Turner, Grace, Cruz Rivera, Samantha, Hotham, Richard, Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah, Sivan, Manoj, Khunti, Kamlesh, Raindi, Devan, Marwaha, Steven, Hughes, Sarah E, McMullan, Christel, Calvert, Melanie, Haroon, Shamil
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England British Medical Journal Publishing Group 11.04.2022
BMJ Publishing Group LTD
BMJ Publishing Group
SeriesProtocol
Subjects
Bias
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - complications
COVID-19 - therapy
Epstein-Barr virus
Humans
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Long COVID
Meta-analysis
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Public Health
REHABILITATION MEDICINE
Research Design
SARS-CoV-2
Syndrome
Systematic review
Systematic Reviews as Topic
Viral infections
COVID-19
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
REHABILITATION MEDICINE
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Abstract IntroductionPostviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent development of COVID-19 has shown to have similar effects with individuals continuing to exhibit symptoms for greater than 12 weeks. The sustained presence of symptoms is variably referred to as ‘post COVID-19 syndrome’, ‘post-COVID condition’ or more commonly ‘Long COVID’. Knowledge of the long-term health impacts and treatments for Long COVID are evolving. To minimise overlap with existing work in the field exploring treatments of Long COVID, we have only chosen to focus on non-pharmacological treatments.AimsThis review aims to summarise the effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for PVS, including Long COVID. A secondary aim is to summarise the symptoms and health impacts associated with PVS in individuals recruited to treatment studies.Methods and analysisPrimary electronic searches will be performed in bibliographic databases including: Embase, MEDLINE, PyscINFO, CINAHL and MedRxiv from 1 January 2001 to 29 October 2021. At least two independent reviewers will screen each study for inclusion and data will be extracted from all eligible studies onto a data extraction form. The quality of all included studies will be assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools and the Newcastle-Ottawa grading system. Non-pharmacological treatments for PVS and Long COVID will be narratively summarised and effect estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis where there is sufficient methodological homogeneity. The symptoms and health impacts reported in the included studies on non-pharmacological interventions will be extracted and narratively reported.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review does not require ethical approval. The findings from this study will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication, shared at conference presentations and disseminated to both clinical and patient groups.PROSPERO registration numberThe review will adhere to this protocol which has also been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021282074).
AbstractList IntroductionPostviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent development of COVID-19 has shown to have similar effects with individuals continuing to exhibit symptoms for greater than 12 weeks. The sustained presence of symptoms is variably referred to as ‘post COVID-19 syndrome’, ‘post-COVID condition’ or more commonly ‘Long COVID’. Knowledge of the long-term health impacts and treatments for Long COVID are evolving. To minimise overlap with existing work in the field exploring treatments of Long COVID, we have only chosen to focus on non-pharmacological treatments.AimsThis review aims to summarise the effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for PVS, including Long COVID. A secondary aim is to summarise the symptoms and health impacts associated with PVS in individuals recruited to treatment studies.Methods and analysisPrimary electronic searches will be performed in bibliographic databases including: Embase, MEDLINE, PyscINFO, CINAHL and MedRxiv from 1 January 2001 to 29 October 2021. At least two independent reviewers will screen each study for inclusion and data will be extracted from all eligible studies onto a data extraction form. The quality of all included studies will be assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools and the Newcastle-Ottawa grading system. Non-pharmacological treatments for PVS and Long COVID will be narratively summarised and effect estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis where there is sufficient methodological homogeneity. The symptoms and health impacts reported in the included studies on non-pharmacological interventions will be extracted and narratively reported.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review does not require ethical approval. The findings from this study will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication, shared at conference presentations and disseminated to both clinical and patient groups.PROSPERO registration numberThe review will adhere to this protocol which has also been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021282074).
Introduction Postviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent development of COVID-19 has shown to have similar effects with individuals continuing to exhibit symptoms for greater than 12 weeks. The sustained presence of symptoms is variably referred to as ‘post COVID-19 syndrome’, ‘post-COVID condition’ or more commonly ‘Long COVID’. Knowledge of the long-term health impacts and treatments for Long COVID are evolving. To minimise overlap with existing work in the field exploring treatments of Long COVID, we have only chosen to focus on non-pharmacological treatments.Aims This review aims to summarise the effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for PVS, including Long COVID. A secondary aim is to summarise the symptoms and health impacts associated with PVS in individuals recruited to treatment studies.Methods and analysis Primary electronic searches will be performed in bibliographic databases including: Embase, MEDLINE, PyscINFO, CINAHL and MedRxiv from 1 January 2001 to 29 October 2021. At least two independent reviewers will screen each study for inclusion and data will be extracted from all eligible studies onto a data extraction form. The quality of all included studies will be assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools and the Newcastle-Ottawa grading system. Non-pharmacological treatments for PVS and Long COVID will be narratively summarised and effect estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis where there is sufficient methodological homogeneity. The symptoms and health impacts reported in the included studies on non-pharmacological interventions will be extracted and narratively reported.Ethics and dissemination This systematic review does not require ethical approval. The findings from this study will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication, shared at conference presentations and disseminated to both clinical and patient groups.PROSPERO registration number The review will adhere to this protocol which has also been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021282074).
Postviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent development of COVID-19 has shown to have similar effects with individuals continuing to exhibit symptoms for greater than 12 weeks. The sustained presence of symptoms is variably referred to as 'post COVID-19 syndrome', 'post-COVID condition' or more commonly 'Long COVID'. Knowledge of the long-term health impacts and treatments for Long COVID are evolving. To minimise overlap with existing work in the field exploring treatments of Long COVID, we have only chosen to focus on non-pharmacological treatments. This review aims to summarise the effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for PVS, including Long COVID. A secondary aim is to summarise the symptoms and health impacts associated with PVS in individuals recruited to treatment studies. Primary electronic searches will be performed in bibliographic databases including: Embase, MEDLINE, PyscINFO, CINAHL and MedRxiv from 1 January 2001 to 29 October 2021. At least two independent reviewers will screen each study for inclusion and data will be extracted from all eligible studies onto a data extraction form. The quality of all included studies will be assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools and the Newcastle-Ottawa grading system. Non-pharmacological treatments for PVS and Long COVID will be narratively summarised and effect estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis where there is sufficient methodological homogeneity. The symptoms and health impacts reported in the included studies on non-pharmacological interventions will be extracted and narratively reported. This systematic review does not require ethical approval. The findings from this study will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication, shared at conference presentations and disseminated to both clinical and patient groups. The review will adhere to this protocol which has also been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021282074).
Author Raindi, Devan
Marwaha, Steven
Cruz Rivera, Samantha
Haroon, Shamil
Brown, Kirsty
Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah
Khunti, Kamlesh
Simms-Williams, Nikita
McMullan, Christel
Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee
Hotham, Richard
Sivan, Manoj
Hughes, Sarah E
Calvert, Melanie
Heining, Dominic
Camaradou, Jenny
Chandan, Joht Singh
Bashir, Nasir
Turner, Grace
AuthorAffiliation 12 Institute for Mental Health , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
5 University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham , UK
3 COVID END Evidence Network , UK , UK
7 NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre , University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham , UK
11 Department of Health Sciences , University of Leicester , Leicester , UK
8 Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
10 University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
6 Centre for Patient-Reported Outcomes Research , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
2 Health Data Research UK , Birmingham , UK
13 Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research and Institute of Applied Health Research , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
9 National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Centre West Midlands , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
1 Institute of Applied Health Research , University of Birmingham , Bir
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  surname: Haroon
  fullname: Haroon, Shamil
  organization: Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35410933$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords COVID-19
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
REHABILITATION MEDICINE
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License This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.
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MC and SH are joint senior authors.
JSC and KB are joint first authors.
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Snippet IntroductionPostviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the...
Postviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2...
INTRODUCTIONPostviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the...
Introduction Postviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to...
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SubjectTerms Bias
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - complications
COVID-19 - therapy
Epstein-Barr virus
Humans
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Long COVID
Meta-analysis
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Public Health
REHABILITATION MEDICINE
Research Design
SARS-CoV-2
Syndrome
Systematic review
Systematic Reviews as Topic
Viral infections
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Title Non-pharmacological therapies for postviral syndromes, including Long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
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Volume 12
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