Dynamics of Microtubules and Positioning of Female Pronucleus During Bovine Parthenogenesis
The zygote centrosome, consisting of both paternal and maternal centrosomal components, is the microtubule-organizing center necessary for pronuclear migration and positioning in fertilization. Maternal centrosomal function in microtubule organization and pronuclear positioning, however, remains unc...
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Published in | Biology of reproduction Vol. 73; no. 5; pp. 935 - 941 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Madison, WI
Society for the Study of Reproduction
01.11.2005
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Abstract | The zygote centrosome, consisting of both paternal and maternal centrosomal components, is the microtubule-organizing center necessary for pronuclear migration and positioning in fertilization. Maternal centrosomal function in microtubule organization and pronuclear positioning, however, remains unclear. In the present study, we sought to elucidate the function of maternal centrosomes during bovine parthenotes in the microtubule organizational processes required to move the pronucleus to the cell center without sperm centrosomal components. Microtubule organization, pronuclear position, and distribution of gamma-tubulin, which is thought to be the major component of maternal centrosomal material, were imaged by immunocytochemistry and conventional epifluorescence microscopy. In bovine parthenotes treated with paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing drug, the cytoplasmic microtubule asters became organized after chemical activation, and the microtubules radiated dynamically toward the female pronucleus. The microtubule patterns correlated well with pronuclear movement to the cell center. Microtubules aggregated at regions of gamma-tubulin concentration, but gamma-tubulin did not localize to a spot until the first interphase of bovine parthenogenesis. These findings indicate that gamma-tubulin is responsible for microtubule organization as the maternal centrosome. In bovine parthenogenesis, the maternal centrosome then organizes cytoplasmic microtubules to move the female pronucleus into the cell center. We propose that the maternal centrosome plays a role as a functional centrosome despite the lack of a sperm contribution, making this structure less competent for microtubule organization in comparison with centrosomes containing sperm centrosomal components. |
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AbstractList | The zygote centrosome, consisting of both paternal and maternal centrosomal components, is the microtubule-organizing center necessary for pronuclear migration and positioning in fertilization. Maternal centrosomal function in microtubule organization and pronuclear positioning, however, remains unclear. In the present study, we sought to elucidate the function of maternal centrosomes during bovine parthenotes in the microtubule organizational processes required to move the pronucleus to the cell center without sperm centrosomal components. Microtubule organization, pronuclear position, and distribution of gamma-tubulin, which is thought to be the major component of maternal centrosomal material, were imaged by immunocytochemistry and conventional epifluorescence microscopy. In bovine parthenotes treated with paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing drug, the cytoplasmic microtubule asters became organized after chemical activation, and the microtubules radiated dynamically toward the female pronucleus. The microtubule patterns correlated well with pronuclear movement to the cell center. Microtubules aggregated at regions of gamma-tubulin concentration, but gamma-tubulin did not localize to a spot until the first interphase of bovine parthenogenesis. These findings indicate that gamma-tubulin is responsible for microtubule organization as the maternal centrosome. In bovine parthenogenesis, the maternal centrosome then organizes cytoplasmic microtubules to move the female pronucleus into the cell center. We propose that the maternal centrosome plays a role as a functional centrosome despite the lack of a sperm contribution, making this structure less competent for microtubule organization in comparison with centrosomes containing sperm centrosomal components. The zygote centrosome, consisting of both paternal and maternal centrosomal components, is the microtubule-organizing center necessary for pronuclear migration and positioning in fertilization. Maternal centrosomal function in microtubule organization and pronuclear positioning, however, remains unclear. In the present study, we sought to elucidate the function of maternal centrosomes during bovine parthenotes in the microtubule organizational processes required to move the pronucleus to the cell center without sperm centrosomal components. Microtubule organization, pronuclear position, and distribution of gamma-tubulin, which is thought to be the major component of maternal centrosomal material, were imaged by immunocytochemistry and conventional epifluorescence microscopy. In bovine parthenotes treated with paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing drug, the cytoplasmic microtubule asters became organized after chemical activation, and the microtubules radiated dynamically toward the female pronucleus. The microtubule patterns correlated well with pronuclear movement to the cell center. Microtubules aggregated at regions of gamma-tubulin concentration, but gamma-tubulin did not localize to a spot until the first interphase of bovine parthenogenesis. These findings indicate that gamma-tubulin is responsible for microtubule organization as the maternal centrosome. In bovine parthenogenesis, the maternal centrosome then organizes cytoplasmic microtubules to move the female pronucleus into the cell center. We propose that the maternal centrosome plays a role as a functional centrosome despite the lack of a sperm contribution, making this structure less competent for microtubule organization in comparison with centrosomes containing sperm centrosomal components. Abstract In bovine parthenogenesis, the maternal centrosome, which mainly consists of gamma-tubulin, may play a role as a functional centrosome and organize cytoplasmic microtubules to move the female pronucleus into the cell center |
Author | Okamura, Kunihiro Yoshimoto, Tomoko Terada, Yukihiro Nakamura, Soichi Murakami, Takashi Morita, Junko Yaegashi, Nobuo Morito, Yuki |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yuki surname: Morito fullname: Morito, Yuki organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan – sequence: 2 givenname: Yukihiro surname: Terada fullname: Terada, Yukihiro email: terada@mail.tains.tohoku.ac.jp organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan – sequence: 3 givenname: Soichi surname: Nakamura fullname: Nakamura, Soichi organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan – sequence: 4 givenname: Junko surname: Morita fullname: Morita, Junko organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan – sequence: 5 givenname: Tomoko surname: Yoshimoto fullname: Yoshimoto, Tomoko organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan – sequence: 6 givenname: Takashi surname: Murakami fullname: Murakami, Takashi organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan – sequence: 7 givenname: Nobuo surname: Yaegashi fullname: Yaegashi, Nobuo organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan – sequence: 8 givenname: Kunihiro surname: Okamura fullname: Okamura, Kunihiro organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan |
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Keywords | Parthenogenesis Vertebrata Reproduction Mammalia Animal Cytoskeleton Ox Female Artiodactyla Microtubule Ungulata Pronucleus |
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Snippet | The zygote centrosome, consisting of both paternal and maternal centrosomal components, is the microtubule-organizing center necessary for pronuclear migration... The zygote centrosome, consisting of both paternal and maternal centrosomal components, is the microtubule-organizing center necessary for pronuclear migration... |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Biological and medical sciences Cattle Cell Nucleus Structures - genetics Cell Nucleus Structures - metabolism Centrosome - metabolism CONTENTS Female fertilization Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gamete biology Mammalian female genital system Microtubules - drug effects Microtubules - physiology Morphology. Physiology Oocytes - drug effects Oocytes - physiology ovum Paclitaxel - pharmacology Parthenogenesis Tubulin - metabolism Vertebrates: reproduction |
Title | Dynamics of Microtubules and Positioning of Female Pronucleus During Bovine Parthenogenesis |
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