Changes in bioactive components of Aristolochia tagala .Cham, a rare species of medicinal importance during its in vitro development through direct regeneration

• Published in: bioRxiv
• Main Authors: Mohanraj, Remya, Narmatha, Bai V, Murugesan, S, Vn, Mutharaian
• Format: Paper
• Language: English
• Published: Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 17.01.2016; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• Edition: 1.1
• Subjects: Activated carbon; Benzyladenine; Bioactive compounds; Callus; Charcoal; Developmental stages; Explants; Indoleacetic acid; Inoculation; Kinetin; Leaves; Medicinal plants; Plant Biology; Propagation; Rare species; Shoots; Tissue culture; multiple shoots; bioactive compounds; TLC; GCMS; direct regeneration; Apical bud culture
• DOI: 10.1101/037028
• ISSN: 2692-8205

Tissue culture propagation system was developed for Aristolochia tagala, a threatened medicinal plant, using apical bud explants. The most effective medium was found to be MS medium supplemented with BAP (3 M), KIN (0.5 M) and activated charcoal (0.1%). The addition of activated charcoal helped in circumventing the problem of polyphenol exudation from the explants which hampered the regeneration of adventitious shoots. A maximum of 12.6 shoots were obtained on average from the apical bud explants after 25 days of inoculation. Well developed shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with indole acetic acid (1.5 M), Kinetin (1.5 M) and 6-benzylaminopurine (0.5 M). Regenerated shoots from the apical buds were successfully rooted and acclimated to greenhouse conditions. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds was done at various stages of development, so as establish the effect of culture conditions on the production of bioactive components. Comparisons were made between three types of plant material from the same clone: leaves from field-grown plant, leaves from in vitro apical bud cultures and leaf derived callus. It was observed that the leaf derived callus showed the presence of components which were not there in the in vivo leaves, suggesting the influence of in vitro developmental conditions.