Risk of Thyroid Cancer among Chernobyl Liquidators
After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the “liquidators” or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from external radiation. Some were also exposed to radioiodines through inhalation or ingestion. A collaborative case-control study nested within cohor...
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| Published in | Radiation research Vol. 178; no. 5; pp. 425 - 436 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
The Radiation Research Society
01.11.2012
Radiation Research Society Allen Press Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the “liquidators” or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from external radiation. Some were also exposed to radioiodines through inhalation or ingestion. A collaborative case-control study nested within cohorts of Belarusian, Russian and Baltic liquidators was conducted to evaluate the radiation-induced risk of thyroid cancer. The study included 107 cases and 423 controls. Individual doses to the thyroid from external radiation and from iodine-131 (131I) were estimated for each subject. Most subjects received low doses (median 69 mGy). A statistically significant dose-response relationship was found with total thyroid dose. The Excess Relative Risk (ERR) per 100 mGy was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 1.09]. The risk estimates were similar when doses from 131I and external radiation were considered separately, although for external radiation the ERR was not statistically significantly elevated. The ERR was similar for micro carcinomas and larger size tumors, and for tumors with and without lymph node involvement. Although recall bias and uncertainties in doses could have affected the magnitude of the risk estimates, the findings of this study contribute to a better characterization the risk of thyroid cancer after radiation exposure in adulthood. |
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| AbstractList | After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the ''liquidators'' or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from external radiation. Some were also exposed to radioiodines through inhalation or ingestion. A collaborative case-control study nested within cohorts of Belarusian, Russian and Baltic liquidators was conducted to evaluate the radiation-induced risk of thyroid cancer. The study included 107 cases and 423 controls. Individual doses to the thyroid from external radiation and from iodine-131 (131I) were estimated for each subject. Most subjects received low doses (median 69 mGy). A statistically significant dose-response relationship was found with total thyroid dose. The Excess Relative Risk (ERR) per 100 mGy was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 1.09]. The risk estimates were similar when doses from 131I and external radiation were considered separately, although for external radiation the ERR was not statistically significantly elevated. The ERR was similar for micro carcinomas and larger size tumors, and for tumors with and without lymph node involvement. Although recall bias and uncertainties in doses could have affected the magnitude of the risk estimates, the findings of this study contribute to a better characterization the risk of thyroid cancer after radiation exposure in adulthood. After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the "liquidators" or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from external radiation. Some were also exposed to radioiodines through inhalation or ingestion. A collaborative case-control study nested within cohorts of Belarusian, Russian and Baltic liquidators was conducted to evaluate the radiation-induced risk of thyroid cancer. The study included 107 cases and 423 controls. Individual doses to the thyroid from external radiation and from iodine-131 ((131)I) were estimated for each subject. Most subjects received low doses (median 69 mGy). A statistically significant dose-response relationship was found with total thyroid dose. The Excess Relative Risk (ERR) per 100 mGy was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 1.09]. The risk estimates were similar when doses from (131)I and external radiation were considered separately, although for external radiation the ERR was not statistically significantly elevated. The ERR was similar for micro carcinomas and larger size tumors, and for tumors with and without lymph node involvement. Although recall bias and uncertainties in doses could have affected the magnitude of the risk estimates, the findings of this study contribute to a better characterization the risk of thyroid cancer after radiation exposure in adulthood.After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the "liquidators" or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from external radiation. Some were also exposed to radioiodines through inhalation or ingestion. A collaborative case-control study nested within cohorts of Belarusian, Russian and Baltic liquidators was conducted to evaluate the radiation-induced risk of thyroid cancer. The study included 107 cases and 423 controls. Individual doses to the thyroid from external radiation and from iodine-131 ((131)I) were estimated for each subject. Most subjects received low doses (median 69 mGy). A statistically significant dose-response relationship was found with total thyroid dose. The Excess Relative Risk (ERR) per 100 mGy was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 1.09]. The risk estimates were similar when doses from (131)I and external radiation were considered separately, although for external radiation the ERR was not statistically significantly elevated. The ERR was similar for micro carcinomas and larger size tumors, and for tumors with and without lymph node involvement. Although recall bias and uncertainties in doses could have affected the magnitude of the risk estimates, the findings of this study contribute to a better characterization the risk of thyroid cancer after radiation exposure in adulthood. After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the "liquidators" or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from external radiation. Some were also exposed to radioiodines through inhalation or ingestion. A collaborative case-control study nested within cohorts of Belarusian, Russian and Baltic liquidators was conducted to evaluate the radiation-induced risk of thyroid cancer. The study included 107 cases and 423 controls. Individual doses to the thyroid from external radiation and from iodine-131 ((131)I) were estimated for each subject. Most subjects received low doses (median 69 mGy). A statistically significant dose-response relationship was found with total thyroid dose. The Excess Relative Risk (ERR) per 100 mGy was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 1.09]. The risk estimates were similar when doses from (131)I and external radiation were considered separately, although for external radiation the ERR was not statistically significantly elevated. The ERR was similar for micro carcinomas and larger size tumors, and for tumors with and without lymph node involvement. Although recall bias and uncertainties in doses could have affected the magnitude of the risk estimates, the findings of this study contribute to a better characterization the risk of thyroid cancer after radiation exposure in adulthood. After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the "liquidators" or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from external radiation. Some were also exposed to radioiodines through inhalation or ingestion. A collaborative case-control study nested within cohorts of Belarusian, Russian and Baltic liquidators was conducted to evaluate the radiation-induced risk of thyroid cancer. The study included 107 cases and 423 controls. Individual doses to the thyroid from external radiation and from iodine-131 (¹³¹I) were estimated for each subject. Most subjects received low doses (median 69 mGy). A statistically significant dose-response relationship was found with total thyroid dose. The Excess Relative Risk (ERR) per 100 mGy was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10,1.09]. The risk estimates were similar when doses from ¹³¹I and external radiation were considered separately, although for external radiation the ERR was not statistically significantly elevated. The ERR was similar for micro carcinomas and larger size tumors, and for tumors with and without lymph node involvement. Although recall bias and uncertainties in doses could have affected the magnitude of the risk estimates, the findings of this study contribute to a better characterization the risk of thyroid cancer after radiation exposure in adulthood. |
| Author | Maceika, Evaldas Kryuchkov, Viktor P. Cardis, Elisabeth Evrard, Anne-Sophie Malakhova, Irina V. Kesminiene, Ausrele Mirkhaidarov, Anatoly K. Tukov, Aleksandr R. Tenet, Vanessa Ivanov, Viktor K. Gavrilin, Yuri Drozdovitch, Vladimir Chekin, Sergei Tekkel, Mare Kurtinaitise, Juozas Golovanov, Ivan Byrnes, Graham Stengrevics, Aivars Polyakov, Semion |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ausrele surname: Kesminiene fullname: Kesminiene, Ausrele organization: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Anne-Sophie surname: Evrard fullname: Evrard, Anne-Sophie organization: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Viktor K. surname: Ivanov fullname: Ivanov, Viktor K. organization: Medical Radiological Research Centre of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (MRRC RAMC), Obninsk, the Russian Federation – sequence: 4 givenname: Irina V. surname: Malakhova fullname: Malakhova, Irina V. organization: Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Administration and Management of Health (RSPC MT), Minsk, Belarus – sequence: 5 givenname: Juozas surname: Kurtinaitise fullname: Kurtinaitise, Juozas organization: Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania – sequence: 6 givenname: Aivars surname: Stengrevics fullname: Stengrevics, Aivars organization: Latvian Centre of Oncology, Riga, Latvia – sequence: 7 givenname: Mare surname: Tekkel fullname: Tekkel, Mare organization: National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia – sequence: 8 givenname: Sergei surname: Chekin fullname: Chekin, Sergei – sequence: 9 givenname: Vladimir surname: Drozdovitch fullname: Drozdovitch, Vladimir organization: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France – sequence: 10 givenname: Yuri surname: Gavrilin fullname: Gavrilin, Yuri organization: Federal Medical Biological Agency, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre, Moscow, the Russian Federation – sequence: 11 givenname: Ivan surname: Golovanov fullname: Golovanov, Ivan organization: Federal Medical Biological Agency, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre, Moscow, the Russian Federation – sequence: 12 givenname: Viktor P. surname: Kryuchkov fullname: Kryuchkov, Viktor P. organization: Federal Medical Biological Agency, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre, Moscow, the Russian Federation – sequence: 13 givenname: Evaldas surname: Maceika fullname: Maceika, Evaldas organization: State Scientific Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania – sequence: 14 givenname: Anatoly K. surname: Mirkhaidarov fullname: Mirkhaidarov, Anatoly K. organization: Republican Scientific Centre of Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, Belarus – sequence: 15 givenname: Semion surname: Polyakov fullname: Polyakov, Semion organization: Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Administration and Management of Health (RSPC MT), Minsk, Belarus – sequence: 16 givenname: Vanessa surname: Tenet fullname: Tenet, Vanessa organization: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France – sequence: 17 givenname: Aleksandr R. surname: Tukov fullname: Tukov, Aleksandr R. organization: Federal Medical Biological Agency, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre, Moscow, the Russian Federation – sequence: 18 givenname: Graham surname: Byrnes fullname: Byrnes, Graham organization: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France – sequence: 19 givenname: Elisabeth surname: Cardis fullname: Cardis, Elisabeth organization: Latvian Centre of Oncology, Riga, Latvia |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22998226$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://hal.science/hal-00985833$$DView record in HAL |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2012 Radiation Research Society Copyright Allen Press Publishing Services Nov 2012 Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License |
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| Snippet | After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the “liquidators” or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from... After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the "liquidators" or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from... After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the ''liquidators'' or clean-up workers were among those who received the highest radiation doses to the thyroid from... |
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| SubjectTerms | Accidents Baltic States Cancer Case-Control Studies Chernobyl Nuclear Accident Dosage Dose response relationship Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation Dosimetry Human health and pathology Humans Ingestion Inhalation Iodine Isotopes - toxicity Iodine radioisotopes Life Sciences Lymph Nodes - radiation effects Medical research Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - epidemiology Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - pathology Nuclear power plants Occupational Exposure Radiation dosage Radiation dose response relationship Radioactive fallout Radioactive Hazard Release Radiotherapy REGULAR ARTICLES Republic of Belarus Risk Factors Russia Santé publique et épidémiologie Thyroid Thyroid cancer Thyroid diseases Thyroid Neoplasms - epidemiology Thyroid Neoplasms - pathology |
| Title | Risk of Thyroid Cancer among Chernobyl Liquidators |
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