Development and feasibility of a conceptual model for planning individualised physical exercise training (IPET) for older adults: a cross-sectional study
ObjectiveOlder adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health professionals or exercise physiologists who prescribe them. Thus, this is the first effort to explicitly conceptualise the planning of...
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| Published in | BMJ open Vol. 14; no. 3; p. e075726 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
British Medical Journal Publishing Group
05.03.2024
BMJ Publishing Group LTD BMJ Publishing Group |
| Series | Original research |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2044-6055 2044-6055 |
| DOI | 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075726 |
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| Abstract | ObjectiveOlder adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health professionals or exercise physiologists who prescribe them. Thus, this is the first effort to explicitly conceptualise the planning of individualised physical exercise training (IPET) for older adults in an outpatient setting and investigate individual exercise preferences.DesignThe concept of IPET was developed by researchers, exercise physiologists and health professionals from a real-life outpatient setting using an iterative approach. Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites form the basis of physical exercise recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the basis of implementing IPET.SettingOutpatient setting.ParticipantsWe included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting with a median age of 74 years.Outcome measuresHealth indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites were collected and informed the concept of IPET that structures exercise programmes based on the individual citizen’s needs and physical exercise preferences. Exceeding a health indicator cut-point results in exercise content mitigating the risk associated with the health indicator.ResultsWe included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting median age of 74 years. Approximately two-thirds of participants exceeded at least one health indicator cut-point for aerobic training. One-third of the participants exceeded the cut-point for upper extremity strength, and almost all participants >99% exceeded the cut-point for lower extremity strength. Approximately two-thirds of the participants exceeded the cut-point for functional/balance training. The most prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain was the lower extremities. Eight of 20 training combinations were used, clustering the 115 participants primarily in three main training combinations.DiscussionThis study shows that older adults vary in physical functioning, indicating that exercise preferences and rehabilitation needs are individual.Trial registration numberNCT04862481. |
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| AbstractList | Older adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health professionals or exercise physiologists who prescribe them. Thus, this is the first effort to explicitly conceptualise the planning of individualised physical exercise training (
PET) for older adults in an outpatient setting and investigate individual exercise preferences.
The concept of
PET was developed by researchers, exercise physiologists and health professionals from a real-life outpatient setting using an iterative approach. Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites form the basis of physical exercise recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the basis of implementing
PET.
Outpatient setting.
We included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting with a median age of 74 years.
Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites were collected and informed the concept of
PET that structures exercise programmes based on the individual citizen's needs and physical exercise preferences. Exceeding a health indicator cut-point results in exercise content mitigating the risk associated with the health indicator.
We included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting median age of 74 years. Approximately two-thirds of participants exceeded at least one health indicator cut-point for aerobic training. One-third of the participants exceeded the cut-point for upper extremity strength, and almost all participants >99% exceeded the cut-point for lower extremity strength. Approximately two-thirds of the participants exceeded the cut-point for functional/balance training. The most prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain was the lower extremities. Eight of 20 training combinations were used, clustering the 115 participants primarily in three main training combinations.
This study shows that older adults vary in physical functioning, indicating that exercise preferences and rehabilitation needs are individual.
NCT04862481. ObjectiveOlder adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health professionals or exercise physiologists who prescribe them. Thus, this is the first effort to explicitly conceptualise the planning of individualised physical exercise training (IPET) for older adults in an outpatient setting and investigate individual exercise preferences.DesignThe concept of IPET was developed by researchers, exercise physiologists and health professionals from a real-life outpatient setting using an iterative approach. Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites form the basis of physical exercise recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the basis of implementing IPET.SettingOutpatient setting.ParticipantsWe included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting with a median age of 74 years.Outcome measuresHealth indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites were collected and informed the concept of IPET that structures exercise programmes based on the individual citizen’s needs and physical exercise preferences. Exceeding a health indicator cut-point results in exercise content mitigating the risk associated with the health indicator.ResultsWe included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting median age of 74 years. Approximately two-thirds of participants exceeded at least one health indicator cut-point for aerobic training. One-third of the participants exceeded the cut-point for upper extremity strength, and almost all participants >99% exceeded the cut-point for lower extremity strength. Approximately two-thirds of the participants exceeded the cut-point for functional/balance training. The most prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain was the lower extremities. Eight of 20 training combinations were used, clustering the 115 participants primarily in three main training combinations.DiscussionThis study shows that older adults vary in physical functioning, indicating that exercise preferences and rehabilitation needs are individual.Trial registration numberNCT04862481. Objective Older adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health professionals or exercise physiologists who prescribe them. Thus, this is the first effort to explicitly conceptualise the planning of individualised physical exercise training (IPET) for older adults in an outpatient setting and investigate individual exercise preferences.Design The concept of IPET was developed by researchers, exercise physiologists and health professionals from a real-life outpatient setting using an iterative approach. Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites form the basis of physical exercise recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the basis of implementing IPET.Setting Outpatient setting.Participants We included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting with a median age of 74 years.Outcome measures Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites were collected and informed the concept of IPET that structures exercise programmes based on the individual citizen’s needs and physical exercise preferences. Exceeding a health indicator cut-point results in exercise content mitigating the risk associated with the health indicator.Results We included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting median age of 74 years. Approximately two-thirds of participants exceeded at least one health indicator cut-point for aerobic training. One-third of the participants exceeded the cut-point for upper extremity strength, and almost all participants >99% exceeded the cut-point for lower extremity strength. Approximately two-thirds of the participants exceeded the cut-point for functional/balance training. The most prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain was the lower extremities. Eight of 20 training combinations were used, clustering the 115 participants primarily in three main training combinations.Discussion This study shows that older adults vary in physical functioning, indicating that exercise preferences and rehabilitation needs are individual.Trial registration number NCT04862481. Older adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health professionals or exercise physiologists who prescribe them. Thus, this is the first effort to explicitly conceptualise the planning of individualised physical exercise training (IPET) for older adults in an outpatient setting and investigate individual exercise preferences.OBJECTIVEOlder adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health professionals or exercise physiologists who prescribe them. Thus, this is the first effort to explicitly conceptualise the planning of individualised physical exercise training (IPET) for older adults in an outpatient setting and investigate individual exercise preferences.The concept of IPET was developed by researchers, exercise physiologists and health professionals from a real-life outpatient setting using an iterative approach. Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites form the basis of physical exercise recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the basis of implementing IPET.DESIGNThe concept of IPET was developed by researchers, exercise physiologists and health professionals from a real-life outpatient setting using an iterative approach. Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites form the basis of physical exercise recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the basis of implementing IPET.Outpatient setting.SETTINGOutpatient setting.We included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting with a median age of 74 years.PARTICIPANTSWe included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting with a median age of 74 years.Health indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites were collected and informed the concept of IPET that structures exercise programmes based on the individual citizen's needs and physical exercise preferences. Exceeding a health indicator cut-point results in exercise content mitigating the risk associated with the health indicator.OUTCOME MEASURESHealth indicators assessing aerobic capacity, strength, balance and musculoskeletal pain/discomfort sites were collected and informed the concept of IPET that structures exercise programmes based on the individual citizen's needs and physical exercise preferences. Exceeding a health indicator cut-point results in exercise content mitigating the risk associated with the health indicator.We included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting median age of 74 years. Approximately two-thirds of participants exceeded at least one health indicator cut-point for aerobic training. One-third of the participants exceeded the cut-point for upper extremity strength, and almost all participants >99% exceeded the cut-point for lower extremity strength. Approximately two-thirds of the participants exceeded the cut-point for functional/balance training. The most prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain was the lower extremities. Eight of 20 training combinations were used, clustering the 115 participants primarily in three main training combinations.RESULTSWe included 115 older adults (70 females) from an outpatient setting median age of 74 years. Approximately two-thirds of participants exceeded at least one health indicator cut-point for aerobic training. One-third of the participants exceeded the cut-point for upper extremity strength, and almost all participants >99% exceeded the cut-point for lower extremity strength. Approximately two-thirds of the participants exceeded the cut-point for functional/balance training. The most prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain was the lower extremities. Eight of 20 training combinations were used, clustering the 115 participants primarily in three main training combinations.This study shows that older adults vary in physical functioning, indicating that exercise preferences and rehabilitation needs are individual.DISCUSSIONThis study shows that older adults vary in physical functioning, indicating that exercise preferences and rehabilitation needs are individual.NCT04862481.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERNCT04862481. |
| Author | Sandal, Louise Fleng Holm, Lars Teljigovic, Sanel Sjøgaard, Gisela Nielsen, Nina Odgaard Søgaard, Karen Dalager, Tina Ejvang, Mette Bahn |
| AuthorAffiliation | 5 Centre for Health and Older Adults, Activitycentre Midgård , Slagelse Municipality , Slagelse , Denmark 1 Centre for Health and Rehabilitation , University College Absalon , Slagelse , Denmark 3 Department of Clinical Medicine , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark 2 Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark 4 School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark – name: 4 School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK – name: 1 Centre for Health and Rehabilitation , University College Absalon , Slagelse , Denmark – name: 3 Department of Clinical Medicine , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark – name: 5 Centre for Health and Older Adults, Activitycentre Midgård , Slagelse Municipality , Slagelse , Denmark |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sanel orcidid: 0000-0001-7784-7451 surname: Teljigovic fullname: Teljigovic, Sanel email: sate@pha.dk organization: Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark – sequence: 2 givenname: Tina orcidid: 0000-0002-6632-7001 surname: Dalager fullname: Dalager, Tina organization: Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark – sequence: 3 givenname: Nina Odgaard surname: Nielsen fullname: Nielsen, Nina Odgaard organization: Centre for Health and Rehabilitation, University College Absalon, Slagelse, Denmark – sequence: 4 givenname: Lars surname: Holm fullname: Holm, Lars organization: School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: Mette Bahn surname: Ejvang fullname: Ejvang, Mette Bahn organization: Centre for Health and Older Adults, Activitycentre Midgård, Slagelse Municipality, Slagelse, Denmark – sequence: 6 givenname: Gisela orcidid: 0000-0002-2961-7800 surname: Sjøgaard fullname: Sjøgaard, Gisela organization: Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark – sequence: 7 givenname: Karen orcidid: 0000-0003-3968-6364 surname: Søgaard fullname: Søgaard, Karen organization: Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark – sequence: 8 givenname: Louise Fleng orcidid: 0000-0001-8436-1046 surname: Sandal fullname: Sandal, Louise Fleng email: lsandal@health.sdu.dk organization: Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38448065$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | ObjectiveOlder adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of... Older adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of health... Objective Older adults constitute a heterogeneous group, and the focus of the individual physical exercise is often subject to the reasoning and experience of... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref bmj |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | e075726 |
| SubjectTerms | Aerobics Aged Blood pressure Clinical medicine Cluster Analysis Cross-Sectional Studies Exercise Feasibility Studies Female Fitness training programs Humans Medical personnel Musculoskeletal disorders Musculoskeletal Pain - therapy Older people Physical fitness Physiology Planning Professionals PUBLIC HEALTH Sports and Exercise Medicine SPORTS MEDICINE Strength training |
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| Title | Development and feasibility of a conceptual model for planning individualised physical exercise training (IPET) for older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| URI | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/3/e075726.full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38448065 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2937490225 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2942188535 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10916106 https://doaj.org/article/f5c3944d92954dbbb9d63764d270fc4b |
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