Does Doramectin Use on Cattle Indirectly Affect the Endangered Burrowing Owl
Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of endectocide-treated cattle can reduce numbers of dung-breeding insects. Concerns have been raised that use of endectocides may adversely affect bird...
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| Published in | Rangeland ecology & management Vol. 61; no. 5; pp. 543 - 553 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Rangeland Ecology & Management, P.O. Box 7065, Lawrence, KS 66044
Society for Range Management
01.09.2008
Elsevier Inc Allen Pres Publishing Services Elsevier Limited |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of endectocide-treated cattle can reduce numbers of dung-breeding insects. Concerns have been raised that use of endectocides may adversely affect birds that rely on dung-breeding insects as food. However, these concerns have not been specifically addressed in previous studies. We performed two studies to collectively assess whether doramectin adversely affects burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia Molina), which are listed as “Endangered” in Canada. In the first study, insect emergence was monitored from dung of cattle treated with a recommended topical dose of doramectin. Experiments replicated in each of 3 yr showed residues reduce the number of insects developing in dung of cattle treated up to 16 wk previously. In the second study, we identified prey items from regurgitated pellets collected at 206 burrowing owl nests in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. A total of 50 213 prey items were identified, of which 90% were invertebrates. Beetles (Coleoptera) comprised 54% of the total prey items, followed next in abundance by grasshoppers (Acrididae, 20%) and crickets (Gryllidae, 16%). Of the beetles, 1 381 specimens were identified as breeding in dung (mainly species of Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). The dung beetles comprised an estimated 2.8% of the total prey items or 0.1% of total prey biomass. Results of the first study validate initial concerns that doramectin use can reduce numbers of insects breeding in dung of treated cattle. Results of the second study show reliance of burrowing owls on dung beetles is sufficiently low that use of doramectin on cattle is unlikely to appreciably affect the food supply of co-occurring burrowing owls. |
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| AbstractList | Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of endectocide-treated cattle can reduce numbers of dung-breeding insects. Concerns have been raised that use of endectocides may adversely affect birds that rely on dung-breeding insects as food. However, these concerns have not been specifically addressed in previous studies. We performed two studies to collectively assess whether doramectin adversely affects burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia Molina), which are listed as “Endangered” in Canada. In the first study, insect emergence was monitored from dung of cattle treated with a recommended topical dose of doramectin. Experiments replicated in each of 3 yr showed residues reduce the number of insects developing in dung of cattle treated up to 16 wk previously. In the second study, we identified prey items from regurgitated pellets collected at 206 burrowing owl nests in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. A total of 50 213 prey items were identified, of which 90% were invertebrates. Beetles (Coleoptera) comprised 54% of the total prey items, followed next in abundance by grasshoppers (Acrididae, 20%) and crickets (Gryllidae, 16%). Of the beetles, 1 381 specimens were identified as breeding in dung (mainly species of Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). The dung beetles comprised an estimated 2.8% of the total prey items or 0.1% of total prey biomass. Results of the first study validate initial concerns that doramectin use can reduce numbers of insects breeding in dung of treated cattle. Results of the second study show reliance of burrowing owls on dung beetles is sufficiently low that use of doramectin on cattle is unlikely to appreciably affect the food supply of co-occurring burrowing owls. Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of endectocide-treated cattle can reduce numbers of dung-breeding insects. Concerns have been raised that use of endectocides may adversely affect birds that rely on dung-breeding insects as food. However, these concerns have not been specifically addressed in previous studies. We performed two studies to collectively assess whether doramectin adversely affects burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia Molina), which are listed as 'Endangered' in Canada. In the first study, insect emergence was monitored from dung of cattle treated with a recommended topical dose of doramectin. Experiments replicated in each of 3 yr showed residues reduce the number of insects developing in dung of cattle treated up to 16 wk previously. In the second study, we identified prey items from regurgitated pellets collected at 206 burrowing owl nests in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. A total of 50213 prey items were identified, of which 90% were invertebrates. Beetles (Coleoptera) comprised 54% of the total prey items, followed next in abundance by grasshoppers (Acrididae, 20%) and crickets (Gryllidae, 16%). Of the beetles, 1381 specimens were identified as breeding in dung (mainly species of Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). The dung beetles comprised an estimated 2.8% of the total prey items or 0.1% of total prey biomass. Results of the first study validate initial concerns that doramectin use can reduce numbers of insects breeding in dung of treated cattle. Results of the second study show reliance of burrowing owls on dung beetles is sufficiently low that use of doramectin on cattle is unlikely to appreciably affect the food supply of co-occurring burrowing owls. Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of endectocide-treated cattle can reduce numbers of dung-breeding insects. Concerns have been raised that use of endectocides may adversely affect birds that rely on dung-breeding insects as food. However, these concerns have not been specifically addressed in previous studies. We performed two studies to collectively assess whether doramectin adversely affects burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia Molina), which are listed as “Endangered” in Canada. In the first study, insect emergence was monitored from dung of cattle treated with a recommended topical dose of doramectin. Experiments replicated in each of 3yr showed residues reduce the number of insects developing in dung of cattle treated up to 16 wk previously. In the second study, we identified prey items from regurgitated pellets collected at 206 burrowing owl nests in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. A total of 50 213 prey items were identified, of which 90% were invertebrates. Beetles (Coleoptera) comprised 54% of the total prey items, followed next in abundance by grasshoppers (Acrididae, 20%) and crickets (Gryllidae, 16%). Of the beetles, 1 381 specimens were identified as breeding in dung (mainly species of Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). The dung beetles comprised an estimated 2.8% of the total prey items or 0.1% of total prey biomass. Results of the first study validate initial concerns that doramectin use can reduce numbers of insects breeding in dung of treated cattle. Results of the second study show reliance of burrowing owls on dung beetles is sufficiently low that use of doramectin on cattle is unlikely to appreciably affect the food supply of co-occurring burrowing owls. El doramectin es uno de varios compuestos endectocidos ampliamente usados para tratar las pestes de nemátodos y artrópodos que afectan el ganado. Los residuos de insecticidas en el estiércol del ganado tratado con endectocidos pueden reducir el número de los insectos encontrados en el estiércol. Existe preocupación de que el uso de endectocidos podría afectar negativamente a aves que dependen de insectos de estiércol como alimento. Sin embargo, estas preocupaciones no se han abordado específicamente en los estudios anteriores. Nosotros hemos realizamos dos estudios para evaluar colectivamente si el doramectin afecta adversamente a la lechuzita terrestre (Athene cunicularia Molina), el cual esta listado como “en peligro de extinción” en Canadá. En el primer estudio, la aparición de insectos fue monitoreada en estiércol de ganado tratado con una dosis actual recomendada de doramectin. Los experimentos repetidos en cada uno de los tres años mostraron que los residuos redujeron el número de insectos que se desarrollan en estiércol en ganado tratado hasta por 16 semanas. En el segundo estudio, nosotros identificamos ítems del pellets regurgitados de la lechuzita terrestre desde abril a finales de julio de 2004 en 206 nidos de la lechuzita terrestre en el sur de Alberta y Saskatchewan, Canadá. Un total de 50 213 presas fueron identificadas, de las cuales 90% fueron invertebrados. Los escarabajos (Coleoptera) fueron el 54% del total de presas, seguidos luego en abundancia por los saltamontes (Acrididae, el 20%) y los grillos (Gryllidae, el 16%). De los escarabajos, 1 381 especímenes fueron identificados como insectos de estiércol (principalmente las especies de Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). Los escarabajos del estiércol comprenden un estimado de 2.8% del total de las presas o un 0.1% del total de la biomasa de las presas. Los resultados del primer estudio validaron la preocupación inicial de que el uso de doramectin puede reducir el número de insectos que crecen en estiércol del ganado tratado. Los resultados del segundo estudio mostraron que la dependencia de la lechuzita terrestre en los escarabajos del estiércol es lo suficientemente baja como para que el uso de doramectin en el ganado sea poco probable que afecte sensiblemente el actual suministro de alimentos de la lechuzita terrestre. Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of endectocide-treated cattle can reduce numbers of dung-breeding insects. Concerns have been raised that use of endectocides may adversely affect birds that rely on dung-breeding insects as food. However, these concerns have not been specifically addressed in previous studies. We performed two studies to collectively assess whether doramectin adversely affects burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia Molina), which are listed as "Endangered" in Canada. In the first study, insect emergence was monitored from dung of cattle treated with a recommended topical dose of doramectin. Experiments replicated in each of 3 yr showed residues reduce the number of insects developing in dung of cattle treated up to 16 wk previously. In the second study, we identified prey items from regurgitated pellets collected at 206 burrowing owl nests in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. A total of 50 213 prey items were identified, of which 90% were invertebrates. Beetles (Coleoptera) comprised 54% of the total prey items, followed next in abundance by grasshoppers (Acrididae, 20%) and crickets (Gryllidae, 16%). Of the beetles, 1 381 specimens were identified as breeding in dung (mainly species of Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). The dung beetles comprised an estimated 2.8% of the total prey items or 0.1% of total prey biomass. Results of the first study validate initial concerns that doramectin use can reduce numbers of insects breeding in dung of treated cattle. Results of the second study show reliance of burrowing owls on dung beetles is sufficiently low that use of doramectin on cattle is unlikely to appreciably affect the food supply of co-occurring burrowing owls. /// El doramectin es uno de varios compuestos endectocidos ampliamente usados para tratar las pestes de nemátodos y artrópodos que afectan el ganado. Los residuos de insecticidas en el estiércol del ganado tratado con endectocidos pueden reducir el número de los insectos encontrados en el estiércol. Existe preocupación de que el uso de endectocidos podría afectar negativamente a aves que dependen de insectos de estiércol como alimento. Sin embargo, estas preocupaciones no se han abordado específicamente en los estudios anteriores. Nosotros hemos realizamos dos estudios para evaluar colectivamente si el doramectin afecta adversamente a la lechuzita terrestre (Athene cunicularia Molina), el cual esta listado como "en peligro de extinción" en Canadá. En el primer estudio, la aparición de insectos fue monitoreada en estiércol de ganado tratado con una dosis actual recomendada de doramectin. Los experimentos repetidos en cada uno de los tres años mostraron que los residuos redujeron el número de insectos que se desarrollan en estiércol en ganado tratado hasta por 16 semanas. En el segundo estudio, nosotros identificamos ítems del pellets regurgitados de la lechuzita terrestre desde abril a finales de julio de 2004 en 206 nidos de la lechuzita terrestre en el sur de Alberta y Saskatchewan, Canadá. Un total de 50 213 presas fueron identificadas, de las cuales 90% fueron invertebrados. Los escarabajos (Coleoptera) fueron el 54% del total de presas, seguidos luego en abundancia por los saltamontes (Acrididae, el 20%) y los grillos (Gryllidae, el 16%). De los escarabajos, 1 381 especímenes fueron identificados como insectos de estiércol (principalmente las especies de Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). Los escarabajos del estiércol comprenden un estimado de 2.8% del total de las presas o un 0.1% del total de la biomasa de las presas. Los resultados del primer estudio validaron la preocupación inicial de que el uso de doramectin puede reducir el número de insectos que crecen en estiércol del ganado tratado. Los resultados del segundo estudio mostraron que la dependencia de la lechuzita terrestre en los escarabajos del estiércol es lo suficientemente baja como para que el uso de doramectin en el ganado sea poco probable que afecte sensiblemente el actual suministro de alimentos de la lechuzita terrestre. Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of endectocide-treated cattle can reduce numbers of dung-breeding insects. Concerns have been raised that use of endectocides may adversely affect birds that rely on dung-breeding insects as food. However, these concerns have not been specifically addressed in previous studies. We performed two studies to collectively assess whether doramectin adversely affects burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia Molina), which are listed as "Endangered" in Canada. In the first study, insect emergence was monitored from dung of cattle treated with a recommended topical dose of doramectin. Experiments replicated in each of 3 yr showed residues reduce the number of insects developing in dung of cattle treated up to 16 wk previously. In the second study, we identified prey items from regurgitated pellets collected at 206 burrowing owl nests in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. A total of 50213 prey items were identified, of which 90% were invertebrates. Beetles (Coleoptera) comprised 54% of the total prey items, followed next in abundance by grasshoppers (Acrididae, 20%) and crickets (Gryllidae, 16%). Of the beetles, 1 381 specimens were identified as breeding in dung (mainly species of Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). The dung beetles comprised an estimated 2.8% of the total prey items or 0.1% of total prey biomass. Results of the first study validate initial concerns that doramectin use can reduce numbers of insects breeding in dung of treated cattle. Results of the second study show reliance of burrowing owls on dung beetles is sufficiently low that use of doramectin on cattle is unlikely to appreciably affect the food supply of co-occurring burrowing owls. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Abstract_FL | El doramectin es uno de varios compuestos endectocidos ampliamente usados para tratar las pestes de nemátodos y artrópodos que afectan el ganado. Los residuos de insecticidas en el estiércol del ganado tratado con endectocidos pueden reducir el número de los insectos encontrados en el estiércol. Existe preocupación de que el uso de endectocidos podría afectar negativamente a aves que dependen de insectos de estiércol como alimento. Sin embargo, estas preocupaciones no se han abordado específicamente en los estudios anteriores. Nosotros hemos realizamos dos estudios para evaluar colectivamente si el doramectin afecta adversamente a la lechuzita terrestre (Athene cunicularia Molina), el cual esta listado como “en peligro de extinción” en Canadá. En el primer estudio, la aparición de insectos fue monitoreada en estiércol de ganado tratado con una dosis actual recomendada de doramectin. Los experimentos repetidos en cada uno de los tres años mostraron que los residuos redujeron el número de insectos que se desarrollan en estiércol en ganado tratado hasta por 16 semanas. En el segundo estudio, nosotros identificamos ítems del pellets regurgitados de la lechuzita terrestre desde abril a finales de julio de 2004 en 206 nidos de la lechuzita terrestre en el sur de Alberta y Saskatchewan, Canadá. Un total de 50 213 presas fueron identificadas, de las cuales 90% fueron invertebrados. Los escarabajos (Coleoptera) fueron el 54% del total de presas, seguidos luego en abundancia por los saltamontes (Acrididae, el 20%) y los grillos (Gryllidae, el 16%). De los escarabajos, 1 381 especímenes fueron identificados como insectos de estiércol (principalmente las especies de Aphodius, Canthon, Onthophagus). Los escarabajos del estiércol comprenden un estimado de 2.8% del total de las presas o un 0.1% del total de la biomasa de las presas. Los resultados del primer estudio validaron la preocupación inicial de que el uso de doramectin puede reducir el número de insectos que crecen en estiércol del ganado tratado. Los resultados del segundo estudio mostraron que la dependencia de la lechuzita terrestre en los escarabajos del estiércol es lo suficientemente baja como para que el uso de doramectin en el ganado sea poco probable que afecte sensiblemente el actual suministro de alimentos de la lechuzita terrestre. |
| Author | Bouchard, Patrice Floate, Kevin D. Wellicome, Troy I. Holroyd, Geoff Poulin, Ray |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kevin D. surname: Floate fullname: Floate, Kevin D. organization: Research Scientist, Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Patrice surname: Bouchard fullname: Bouchard, Patrice organization: Research Scientist, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: Geoff surname: Holroyd fullname: Holroyd, Geoff organization: Research Scientist, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Edmonton, AB T6B 2X6, Canada – sequence: 4 givenname: Ray surname: Poulin fullname: Poulin, Ray organization: Curator of Life Sciences, Royal Saskatchewan Museum, Regina, SK, S4P 2V7, Canada – sequence: 5 givenname: Troy I. surname: Wellicome fullname: Wellicome, Troy I. organization: Species At Risk Biologist, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Edmonton, AB T6B 2X6, Canada |
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| Snippet | Doramectin is one of several endectocide compounds widely used to treat nematode and arthropod pests affecting cattle. Insecticidal residues in dung of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Acrididae adverse effects Aphodius Arthropoda Athene cunicularia beef cattle Beetles Biomass Birds of prey Burrowing Canthon Cattle Coleoptera doramectin Dung beetles Edible insects Endangered & extinct species endangered species excretion faecal residues Feces Field study food animals Food supply Gryllidae insect reproduction Insecticides Nematoda nontarget nontarget organisms Onthophagus Owls Pastures predation Range management Research Papers Strigiformes Taxa trophic relationships wild birds |
| Title | Does Doramectin Use on Cattle Indirectly Affect the Endangered Burrowing Owl |
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