Regional and Seasonal Diet of the Western Burrowing Owl in South Central Nevada

• Published in: Western North American naturalist Vol. 69; no. 1; pp. 1 - 8
• Main Authors: Hall, Derek B., Greger, Paul D., Rosier, Jeffrey R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Provo Brigham Young University 01.04.2009; Western North American Naturalist
• Subjects: Araneae; Athene cunicularia; Athene cunicularia hypugaea; Burrowing; Diet; Dipodomys; Great Basin Desert; Gryllidae; Hemiptera; Invertebrates; Kangaroos; Mice; Mojave Desert; Owls; prey selection; Reithrodontomys megalotis; Rodents; Scorpions; Seasons; Spiders; Vertebrates; Western Burrowing Owl; Wildlife conservation; Zoology; Nevada
• DOI: 10.3398/064.069.0101
• ISSN: 1527-0904

We examined diets of Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) based on contents of pellets and large prey remains collected year-round at burrows in each of the 3 regions in south central Nevada (Mojave Desert, Great Basin Desert, and Transition region). The most common prey items, based on percent frequency of occurrence, were crickets and grasshoppers, beetles, rodents, sun spiders, and scorpions. The most common vertebrate prey was kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spp.). True bugs (Hemiptera), scorpions, and western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis) occurred most frequently in pellets from the Great Basin Desert region. Kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spp.) and pocket mice (Perognathinae) were the most important vertebrate prey items in the Transition and Mojave Desert regions, respectively. Frequency of occurrence of any invertebrate prey was high (>80%) in samples year-round but dropped in winter samples, with scorpions and sun spiders exhibiting the steepest declines. Frequency of occurrence of any vertebrate prey peaked in spring samples, was intermediate for winter and summer samples, and was lowest in fall samples. With the possible exception of selecting for western harvest mice in the Great Basin Desert region, Western Burrowing Owls in our study appeared to be opportunistic foragers with a generalist feeding strategy.