High Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan

• Published in: Journal of wildlife diseases Vol. 50; no. 2; pp. 378 - 383
• Main Authors: Hara, Yuka, Terada, Yutaka, Yonemitsu, Kenzo, Shimoda, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Keita, Suzuki, Kazuo, Maeda, Ken
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Business Office, 810 East 10th St., Lawrence, Kansas 66044-8897, USA Wildife Disease Association 01.04.2014
• Subjects: Animals; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary; Hepatitis E - epidemiology; Hepatitis E - veterinary; Hepatitis E - virology; Hepatitis E virus; Hepatitis E virus - genetics; Hepatitis E virus - isolation & purification; Japan; Japan - epidemiology; Phylogeny; SHORT COMMUNICATIONS; Sus scrofa; wild boar; zoonosis; Japan
• DOI: 10.7589/2013-06-144
• ISSN: 0090-3558; 1943-3700

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes a food- and water-borne disease in humans, and Japanese wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax) meat is one of the most important sources of infection in Japan. We tested 113 serum samples from wild boar captured in Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan from 2010 to 2012. Serum samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using virus-like particles as antigen and nested reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Anti-HEV IgG antibodies were detected in 47 of the 113 wild boar serum samples (42%), and HEV RNA was detected in five samples (4%). Sequence analysis showed that the five HEV isolates belonged to genotype 4, forming a cluster with a previous isolate from a human hepatitis E case in this region in 2011. These results indicate that wild boar in this region are infected with potentially pathogenic HEV at a high prevalence.